                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA

DEFINITIONS (§ 46.2-100)

As used in this title, unless the context requires a different
meaning:		&#8220;All-terrain vehicle&#8221; means a motor vehicle having three
or more wheels that is powered by a motor and is manufactured for off-highway
use. &#8220;All-terrain vehicle&#8221; does not include four-wheeled vehicles
commonly known as &#8220;go-carts&#8221; that have low centers of gravity and
are typically used in racing on relatively level surfaces, nor does the term
include any riding lawn mower.		&#8220;Antique motor vehicle&#8221; means every
motor vehicle, as defined in this section, which was actually manufactured or
designated by the manufacturer as a model manufactured in a calendar year not
less than 25 years prior to January 1 of each calendar year and is owned solely
as a collector&#8217;s item.		&#8220;Antique trailer&#8221; means every trailer
or semitrailer, as defined in this section, that was actually manufactured or
designated by the manufacturer as a model manufactured in a calendar year not
less than 25 years prior to January 1 of each calendar year and is owned solely
as a collector&#8217;s item.		&#8220;Autocycle&#8221; means a three-wheeled
motor vehicle that has a steering wheel and seating that does not require the
operator to straddle or sit astride and is manufactured to comply with federal
safety requirements for motorcycles. Except as otherwise provided, an autocycle
shall not be deemed to be a motorcycle.		&#8220;Automobile transporter&#8221;
means any tractor truck, lowboy, vehicle, or combination, including vehicles or
combinations that transport motor vehicles on their power unit, designed and
used exclusively for the transportation of motor vehicles or used to transport
cargo or general freight on a backhaul pursuant to the provisions of 49 U.S.C.
§ 31111(a)(1).		&#8220;Bicycle&#8221; means a device propelled solely by human
power, upon which a person may ride either on or astride a regular seat attached
thereto, having two or more wheels in tandem, including children&#8217;s
bicycles, except a toy vehicle intended for use by young children. For purposes
of Chapter 8 (§ 46.2-800 et seq.), a bicycle shall be a vehicle while operated
on the highway.		&#8220;Bicycle lane&#8221; means that portion of a roadway
designated by signs and/or pavement markings for the preferential use of
bicycles, electric power-assisted bicycles, motorized skateboards or scooters,
and mopeds.		&#8220;Business district&#8221; means the territory contiguous to a
highway where 75 percent or more of the property contiguous to a highway, on
either side of the highway, for a distance of 300 feet or more along the
highway, is occupied by land and buildings actually in use for business
purposes.		&#8220;Camping trailer&#8221; means every vehicle that has
collapsible sides and contains sleeping quarters but may or may not contain
bathing and cooking facilities and is designed to be drawn by a motor
vehicle.		&#8220;Cancel&#8221; or &#8220;cancellation&#8221; means that the
document or privilege cancelled has been annulled or terminated because of some
error, defect, or ineligibility, but the cancellation is without prejudice and
reapplication may be made at any time after
cancellation.		&#8220;Chauffeur&#8221; means every person employed for the
principal purpose of driving a motor vehicle and every person who drives a motor
vehicle while in use as a public or common carrier of persons or
property.		&#8220;Circular intersection&#8221; means an intersection that has an
island, generally circular in design, located in the center of the intersection,
where all vehicles pass to the right of the island. Circular intersections
include roundabouts, rotaries, and traffic circles.		&#8220;Commission&#8221;
means the State Corporation Commission.		&#8220;Commissioner&#8221; means the
Commissioner of the Department of Motor Vehicles of the
Commonwealth.		&#8220;Converted electric vehicle&#8221; means any motor vehicle,
other than a motorcycle or autocycle, that has been modified subsequent to its
manufacture to replace an internal combustion engine with an electric propulsion
system. Such vehicles shall retain their original vehicle identification number,
line-make, and model year. A converted electric vehicle shall not be deemed a
&#8220;reconstructed vehicle&#8221; as defined in this section unless it has
been materially altered from its original construction by the removal, addition,
or substitution of new or used essential parts other than those required for the
conversion to electric propulsion.		&#8220;Crosswalk&#8221; means that part of a
roadway at an intersection included within the connections of the lateral lines
of the sidewalks on opposite sides of the highway measured from the curbs or, in
the absence of curbs, from the edges of the traversable roadway; or any portion
of a roadway at an intersection or elsewhere distinctly indicated for pedestrian
crossing by lines or other markings on the surface.		&#8220;Decal&#8221; means a
device to be attached to a license plate that validates the license plate for a
predetermined registration period.		&#8220;Department&#8221; means the
Department of Motor Vehicles of the Commonwealth.		&#8220;Disabled parking
license plate&#8221; means a license plate that displays the international
symbol of access in the same size as the numbers and letters on the plate and in
a color that contrasts with the background.		&#8220;Disabled veteran&#8221;
means a veteran who (i) has either lost, or lost the use of, a leg, arm, or
hand; (ii) is blind; or (iii) is permanently and totally disabled as certified
by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. A veteran shall be considered blind
if he has a permanent impairment of both eyes to the following extent: central
visual acuity of 20/200 or less in the better eye, with corrective lenses, or
central visual acuity of more than 20/200, if there is a field defect in which
the peripheral field has contracted to such an extent that the widest diameter
of visual field subtends an angular distance no greater than 20 degrees in the
better eye.		&#8220;Driver&#8217;s license&#8221; means any license, including a
commercial driver&#8217;s license as defined in the Virginia Commercial
Driver&#8217;s License Act (§ 46.2-341.1 et seq.) and a driver privilege card
issued pursuant to § 46.2-328.3, issued under the laws of the Commonwealth
authorizing the operation of a motor vehicle.		&#8220;Electric personal
assistive mobility device&#8221; means a self-balancing two-nontandem-wheeled
device that is designed to transport only one person and powered by an electric
propulsion system that limits the device&#8217;s maximum speed to 15 miles per
hour or less. For purposes of Chapter 8 (§ 46.2-800 et seq.), an electric
personal assistive mobility device shall be a vehicle when operated on a
highway.		&#8220;Electric power-assisted bicycle&#8221; means a vehicle that
travels on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground and is equipped
with (i) pedals that allow propulsion by human power, (ii) a seat for the use of
the rider, and (iii) an electric motor with an input of no more than 750 watts.
Electric power-assisted bicycles shall be classified as follows:

1. &#8220;Class one&#8221; means an electric power-assisted bicycle equipped
with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that
ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches a speed of 20 miles per
hour;

2. &#8220;Class two&#8221; means an electric power-assisted bicycle equipped
with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle and that ceases
to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 20 miles per hour;
and

3. &#8220;Class three&#8221; means an electric power-assisted bicycle equipped
with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling and that
ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches the speed of 28 miles per
hour.
			For the purposes of Chapter 8 (&#xA7; 46.2-800 et seq.), an electric
power-assisted bicycle shall be a vehicle when operated on a
highway.			&#8220;Essential parts&#8221; means all integral parts and body
parts, the removal, alteration, or substitution of which will tend to conceal
the identity of a vehicle.			&#8220;Farm tractor&#8221; means every motor
vehicle designed and used as a farm, agricultural, or horticultural implement
for drawing plows, mowing machines, and other farm, agricultural, or
horticultural machinery and implements, including self-propelled mowers designed
and used for mowing lawns.			&#8220;Farm utility vehicle&#8221; means a vehicle
that is powered by a motor and is designed for off-road use and is used as a
farm, agricultural, or horticultural service vehicle, generally having four or
more wheels, bench seating for the operator and a passenger, a steering wheel
for control, and a cargo bed. &#8220;Farm utility vehicle&#8221; does not
include pickup or panel trucks, golf carts, low-speed vehicles, or riding lawn
mowers.			&#8220;Federal safety requirements&#8221; means applicable provisions
of 49 U.S.C. &#xA7; 30101 et seq. and all administrative regulations and
policies adopted pursuant thereto.			&#8220;Financial responsibility&#8221;
means the ability to respond in damages for liability thereafter incurred
arising out of the ownership, maintenance, use, or operation of a motor vehicle,
in the amounts provided for in &#xA7; 46.2-472.			&#8220;Financial
responsibility in the future&#8221; means the future ability to respond to
damages for liability incurred arising out of the ownership, maintenance, use,
or operation of a motor vehicle in the amounts provided for in &#xA7;&#xA7;
46.2-316 and 46.2-472.			&#8220;Foreign market vehicle&#8221; means any motor
vehicle originally manufactured outside the United States, which was not
manufactured in accordance with 49 U.S.C. &#xA7; 30101 et seq. and the policies
and regulations adopted pursuant to that Act, and for which a Virginia title or
registration is sought.			&#8220;Foreign vehicle&#8221; means every motor
vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer that is brought into the Commonwealth otherwise
than in the ordinary course of business by or through a manufacturer or dealer
and that has not been registered in the Commonwealth.			&#8220;Golf cart&#8221;
means a self-propelled vehicle that is designed to transport persons playing
golf and their equipment on a golf course.			&#8220;Governing body&#8221; means
the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town,
as context may require.			&#8220;Gross weight&#8221; means the aggregate weight
of a vehicle or combination of vehicles and the load
thereon.			&#8220;Highway&#8221; means the entire width between the boundary
lines of every way or place open to the use of the public for purposes of
vehicular travel in the Commonwealth, including the streets and alleys, and, for
law-enforcement purposes, (i) the entire width between the boundary lines of all
private roads or private streets that have been specifically designated
&#8220;highways&#8221; by an ordinance adopted by the governing body of the
county, city, or town in which such private roads or streets are located and
(ii) the entire width between the boundary lines of every way or place used for
purposes of vehicular travel on any property owned, leased, or controlled by the
United States government and located in the
Commonwealth.			&#8220;Intersection&#8221; means (i) the area embraced within
the prolongation or connection of the lateral curblines or, if none, then the
lateral boundary lines of the roadways of two highways that join one another at,
or approximately at, right angles, or the area within which vehicles traveling
on different highways joining at any other angle may come in conflict; (ii)
where a highway includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing
of each roadway of such divided highway by an intersecting highway shall be
regarded as a separate intersection, in the event such intersecting highway also
includes two roadways 30 feet or more apart, then every crossing of two roadways
of such highways shall be regarded as a separate intersection; or (iii) for
purposes only of authorizing installation of traffic-control devices, every
crossing of a highway or street at grade by a pedestrian
crosswalk.			&#8220;Lane-use control signal&#8221; means a signal face
displaying indications to permit or prohibit the use of specific lanes of a
roadway or to indicate the impending prohibition of such
use.			&#8220;Law-enforcement officer&#8221; means any officer authorized to
direct or regulate traffic or to make arrests for violations of this title or
local ordinances authorized by law. For the purposes of access to
law-enforcement databases regarding motor vehicle registration and ownership
only, &#8220;law-enforcement officer&#8221; also includes city and county
commissioners of the revenue and treasurers, together with their duly designated
deputies and employees, when such officials are actually engaged in the
enforcement of &#xA7;&#xA7; 46.2-752, 46.2-753, and 46.2-754 and local
ordinances enacted thereunder.			&#8220;License plate&#8221; means a device
containing letters, numerals, or a combination of both, attached to a motor
vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer to indicate that the vehicle is properly
registered with the Department.			&#8220;Light&#8221; means a device for
producing illumination or the illumination produced by the
device.			&#8220;Low-speed vehicle&#8221; means any four-wheeled electrically
powered or gas-powered vehicle, except a motor vehicle or low-speed vehicle that
is used exclusively for agricultural or horticultural purposes or a golf cart,
whose maximum speed is greater than 20 miles per hour but not greater than 25
miles per hour and is manufactured to comply with safety standards contained in
Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, &#xA7;
571.500.			&#8220;Manufactured home&#8221; means a structure subject to federal
regulation, transportable in one or more sections, which in the traveling mode
is eight body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or, when
erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent
chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent
foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing,
heating, air conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein.
&#8220;Manufactured home&#8221; does not include a park model recreational
vehicle, which is a vehicle that is (i) designed and marketed as temporary
living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use; (ii) not
permanently affixed to real property for use as a permanent dwelling; (iii)
built on a single chassis mounted on wheels; and (iv) certified by the
manufacturer as complying with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
A119.5 Park Model Recreational Vehicle Standard.			&#8220;Military surplus motor
vehicle&#8221; means a multipurpose or tactical vehicle that was manufactured by
or under the direction of the United States Armed Forces for off-road use and
subsequently authorized for sale to civilians. &#8220;Military surplus motor
vehicle&#8221; does not include specialized mobile equipment as defined in
&#xA7; 46.2-700, trailers, or semitrailers.			&#8220;Moped&#8221; means every
vehicle that travels on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground
that (i) has a seat that is no less than 24 inches in height, measured from the
middle of the seat perpendicular to the ground; (ii) has a gasoline, electric,
or hybrid motor that (a) displaces 50 cubic centimeters or less or (b) has an
input of 1500 watts or less; (iii) is power-driven, with or without pedals that
allow propulsion by human power; and (iv) is not operated at speeds in excess of
35 miles per hour. &#8220;Moped&#8221; does not include an electric
power-assisted bicycle or a motorized skateboard or scooter. For purposes of
this title, a moped shall be a motorcycle when operated at speeds in excess of
35 miles per hour. For purposes of Chapter 8 (&#xA7; 46.2-800 et seq.), a moped
shall be a vehicle while operated on a highway.			&#8220;Motor-driven
cycle&#8221; means every motorcycle that has a gasoline engine that (i)
displaces less than 150 cubic centimeters; (ii) has a seat less than 24 inches
in height, measured from the middle of the seat perpendicular to the ground; and
(iii) has no manufacturer-issued vehicle identification number.			&#8220;Motor
home&#8221; means every private motor vehicle with a normal seating capacity of
not more than 10 persons, including the driver, designed primarily for use as
living quarters for human beings.			&#8220;Motor vehicle&#8221; means every
vehicle as defined in this section that is self-propelled or designed for
self-propulsion except as otherwise provided in this title. Any structure
designed, used, or maintained primarily to be loaded on or affixed to a motor
vehicle to provide a mobile dwelling, sleeping place, office, or commercial
space shall be considered a part of a motor vehicle. Except as otherwise
provided, for the purposes of this title, any device herein defined as a
bicycle, electric personal assistive mobility device, electric power-assisted
bicycle, motorized skateboard or scooter, moped, or personal delivery device
shall be deemed not to be a motor vehicle.			&#8220;Motorcycle&#8221; means
every motor vehicle designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact
with the ground and is capable of traveling at speeds in excess of 35 miles per
hour. &#8220;Motorcycle&#8221; does not include any &#8220;autocycle,&#8221;
&#8220;electric personal assistive mobility device,&#8221; &#8220;electric
power-assisted bicycle,&#8221; &#8220;farm tractor,&#8221; &#8220;golf
cart,&#8221; &#8220;moped,&#8221; &#8220;motorized skateboard or scooter,&#8221;
&#8220;utility vehicle,&#8221; or &#8220;wheelchair or wheelchair
conveyance&#8221; as defined in this section.			&#8220;Motorized skateboard or
scooter&#8221; means every vehicle, regardless of the number of its wheels in
contact with the ground, that (i) is designed to allow an operator to sit or
stand, (ii) has no manufacturer-issued vehicle identification number, (iii) is
powered in whole or in part by an electric motor, (iv) weighs less than 100
pounds, and (v) has a speed of no more than 20 miles per hour on a paved level
surface when powered solely by the electric motor. &#8220;Motorized skateboard
or scooter&#8221; includes vehicles with or without handlebars but does not
include electric personal assistive mobility devices or electric power-assisted
bicycles.			&#8220;Nonresident&#8221; means every person who is not domiciled in
the Commonwealth, except: (i) any foreign corporation that is authorized to do
business in the Commonwealth by the State Corporation Commission shall be a
resident of the Commonwealth for the purpose of this title; in the case of
corporations incorporated in the Commonwealth but doing business outside the
Commonwealth, only such principal place of business or branches located within
the Commonwealth shall be dealt with as residents of the Commonwealth; (ii) a
person who becomes engaged in a gainful occupation in the Commonwealth for a
period exceeding 60 days shall be a resident for the purposes of this title
except for the purposes of Chapter 3 (&#xA7; 46.2-300 et seq.); (iii) a person,
other than (a) a nonresident student as defined in this section or (b) a person
who is serving a full-time church service or proselyting mission of not more
than 36 months and who is not gainfully employed, who has actually resided in
the Commonwealth for a period of six months, whether employed or not, or who has
registered a motor vehicle, listing an address in the Commonwealth in the
application for registration, shall be deemed a resident for the purposes of
this title, except for the purposes of the Virginia Commercial Driver&#8217;s
License Act (&#xA7; 46.2-341.1 et seq.).			&#8220;Nonresident student&#8221;
means every nonresident person who is enrolled as a full-time student in an
accredited institution of learning in the Commonwealth and who is not gainfully
employed.			&#8220;Off-road motorcycle&#8221; means every motorcycle designed
exclusively for off-road use by an individual rider with not more than two
wheels in contact with the ground. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter,
for the purposes of this chapter off-road motorcycles shall be deemed to be
&#8220;motorcycles.&#8221;			&#8220;Operation or use for rent or for hire, for
the transportation of passengers, or as a property carrier for
compensation,&#8221; and &#8220;business of transporting persons or
property&#8221; mean any owner or operator of any motor vehicle, trailer, or
semitrailer operating over the highways in the Commonwealth who accepts or
receives compensation for the service, directly or indirectly; but these terms
do not mean a &#8220;truck lessor&#8221; as defined in this section and do not
include persons or businesses that receive compensation for delivering a product
that they themselves sell or produce, where a separate charge is made for
delivery of the product or the cost of delivery is included in the sale price of
the product, but where the person or business does not derive all or a
substantial portion of its income from the transportation of persons or property
except as part of a sales transaction.			&#8220;Operator&#8221; or
&#8220;driver&#8221; means every person who either (i) drives or is in actual
physical control of a motor vehicle on a highway or (ii) is exercising control
over or steering a vehicle being towed by a motor vehicle.			&#8220;Owner&#8221;
means a person who holds the legal title to a vehicle; however, if a vehicle is
the subject of an agreement for its conditional sale or lease with the right of
purchase on performance of the conditions stated in the agreement and with an
immediate right of possession vested in the conditional vendee or lessee or if a
mortgagor of a vehicle is entitled to possession, then the conditional vendee or
lessee or mortgagor shall be the owner for the purpose of this title. In all
such instances when the rent paid by the lessee includes charges for services of
any nature or when the lease does not provide that title shall pass to the
lessee on payment of the rent stipulated, the lessor shall be regarded as the
owner of the vehicle, and the vehicle shall be subject to such requirements of
this title as are applicable to vehicles operated for compensation. A
&#8220;truck lessor&#8221; as defined in this section shall be regarded as the
owner, and his vehicles shall be subject to such requirements of this title as
are applicable to vehicles of private carriers.			&#8220;Passenger car&#8221;
means every motor vehicle other than a motorcycle or autocycle designed and used
primarily for the transportation of no more than 10 persons, including the
driver.			&#8220;Payment device&#8221; means any credit card as defined in 15
U.S.C. &#xA7; 1602 (k) or any &#8220;accepted card or other means of
access&#8221; set forth in 15 U.S.C. &#xA7; 1693a (1). For the purposes of this
title, this definition shall also include a card that enables a person to pay
for transactions through the use of value stored on the card
itself.			&#8220;Personal delivery device&#8221; means a powered device operated
primarily on sidewalks and crosswalks and intended primarily for the transport
of property on public rights-of-way that does not exceed 500 pounds, excluding
cargo, and is capable of navigating with or without the active control or
monitoring of a natural person. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a
personal delivery device shall not be considered a motor vehicle or a
vehicle.			&#8220;Personal delivery device operator&#8221; means an entity or
its agent that exercises direct physical control or monitoring over the
navigation system and operation of a personal delivery device. For the purposes
of this definition, &#8220;agent&#8221; means a person not less than 16 years of
age charged by an entity with the responsibility of navigating and operating a
personal delivery device. &#8220;Personal delivery device operator&#8221; does
not include (i) an entity or person who requests the services of a personal
delivery device to transport property or (ii) an entity or person who only
arranges for and dispatches the requested services of a personal delivery
device.			&#8220;Pickup or panel truck&#8221; means (i) every motor vehicle
designed for the transportation of property and having a registered gross weight
of 7,500 pounds or less or (ii) every motor vehicle registered for personal use,
designed to transport property on its own structure independent of any other
vehicle, and having a registered gross weight in excess of 7,500 pounds but not
in excess of 10,000 pounds.			&#8220;Private road or driveway&#8221; means every
way in private ownership and used for vehicular travel by the owner and those
having express or implied permission from the owner, but not by other
persons.			&#8220;Reconstructed vehicle&#8221; means every vehicle of a type
required to be registered under this title materially altered from its original
construction by the removal, addition, or substitution of new or used essential
parts. Such vehicles, at the discretion of the Department, shall retain their
original vehicle identification number, line-make, and model year. Except as
otherwise provided in this title, this definition shall not include a
&#8220;converted electric vehicle&#8221; as defined in this
section.			&#8220;Replica vehicle&#8221; means every vehicle of a type required
to be registered under this title not fully constructed by a licensed
manufacturer but either constructed or assembled from components. Such
components may be from a single vehicle, multiple vehicles, a kit, parts, or
fabricated components. The kit may be made up of &#8220;major components&#8221;
as defined in &#xA7; 46.2-1600, a full body, or a full chassis, or a combination
of these parts. The vehicle shall resemble a vehicle of distinctive name,
line-make, model, or type as produced by a licensed manufacturer or manufacturer
no longer in business and is not a reconstructed or specially constructed
vehicle as herein defined.			&#8220;Residence district&#8221; means the
territory contiguous to a highway, not comprising a business district, where 75
percent or more of the property abutting such highway, on either side of the
highway, for a distance of 300 feet or more along the highway consists of land
improved for dwelling purposes, or is occupied by dwellings, or consists of land
or buildings in use for business purposes, or consists of territory zoned
residential or territory in residential subdivisions created under Chapter 22
(&#xA7; 15.2-2200 et seq.) of Title 15.2.			&#8220;Revoke&#8221; or
&#8220;revocation&#8221; means that the document or privilege revoked is not
subject to renewal or restoration except through reapplication after the
expiration of the period of revocation.			&#8220;Roadway&#8221; means that
portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular
travel, exclusive of the shoulder. A highway may include two or more roadways if
divided by a physical barrier or barriers or an unpaved area.			&#8220;Safety
zone&#8221; means the area officially set apart within a roadway for the
exclusive use of pedestrians and that is protected or is so marked or indicated
by plainly visible signs.			&#8220;School bus&#8221; means any motor vehicle,
other than a station wagon, automobile, truck, or commercial bus, which is: (i)
designed and used primarily for the transportation of pupils to and from public,
private or religious schools, or used for the transportation of individuals with
mental or physical disabilities to and from a sheltered workshop; (ii) painted
yellow and bears the words &#8220;School Bus&#8221; in black letters of a
specified size on front and rear; and (iii) is equipped with warning devices
prescribed in &#xA7; 46.2-1090. A yellow school bus may have a white roof
provided such vehicle is painted in accordance with regulations promulgated by
the Department of Education.			&#8220;Semitrailer&#8221; means every vehicle of
the trailer type so designed and used in conjunction with a motor vehicle that
some part of its own weight and that of its own load rests on or is carried by
another vehicle.			&#8220;Shared-use path&#8221; means a bikeway that is
physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or
barrier and is located either within the highway right-of-way or within a
separate right-of-way. Shared-use paths may also be used by pedestrians,
skaters, users of wheel chairs or wheel chair conveyances, joggers, and other
nonmotorized users and personal delivery devices.			&#8220;Shoulder&#8221; means
that part of a highway between the portion regularly traveled by vehicular
traffic and the lateral curbline or ditch.			&#8220;Sidewalk&#8221; means the
portion of a street between the curb lines, or the lateral lines of a roadway,
and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by
pedestrians.			&#8220;Snowmobile&#8221; means a self-propelled vehicle designed
to travel on snow or ice, steered by skis or runners, and supported in whole or
in part by one or more skis, belts, or cleats.			&#8220;Special construction and
forestry equipment&#8221; means any vehicle which is designed primarily for
highway construction, highway maintenance, earth moving, timber harvesting or
other construction or forestry work and which is not designed for the
transportation of persons or property on a public highway.			&#8220;Specially
constructed vehicle&#8221; means any vehicle that was not originally constructed
under a distinctive name, make, model, or type by a generally recognized
manufacturer of vehicles and not a reconstructed vehicle as herein
defined.			&#8220;Stinger-steered automobile or watercraft transporter&#8221;
means an automobile or watercraft transporter configured as a semitrailer
combination wherein the fifth wheel is located on a drop frame behind and below
the rearmost axle of the power unit.			&#8220;Superintendent&#8221; means the
Superintendent of the Department of State Police of the
Commonwealth.			&#8220;Suspend&#8221; or &#8220;suspension&#8221; means that the
document or privilege suspended has been temporarily withdrawn, but may be
reinstated following the period of suspension unless it has expired prior to the
end of the period of suspension.			&#8220;Tow truck&#8221; means a motor vehicle
for hire (i) designed to lift, pull, or carry another vehicle by means of a
hoist or other mechanical apparatus and (ii) having a manufacturer&#8217;s gross
vehicle weight rating of at least 10,000 pounds. &#8220;Tow truck&#8221; also
includes vehicles designed with a ramp on wheels and a hydraulic lift with a
capacity to haul or tow another vehicle, commonly referred to as
&#8220;rollbacks.&#8221; &#8220;Tow truck&#8221; does not include any
&#8220;automobile or watercraft transporter,&#8221; &#8220;stinger-steered
automobile or watercraft transporter,&#8221; or &#8220;tractor truck&#8221; as
those terms are defined in this section.			&#8220;Towing and recovery
operator&#8221; means a person engaged in the business of (i) removing disabled
vehicles, parts of vehicles, their cargoes, and other objects to facilities for
repair or safekeeping and (ii) restoring to the highway or other location where
they either can be operated or removed to other locations for repair or
safekeeping vehicles that have come to rest in places where they cannot be
operated.			&#8220;Toy vehicle&#8221; means any motorized or propellant-driven
device that has no manufacturer-issued vehicle identification number that is
designed or used to carry any person or persons, on any number of wheels,
bearings, glides, blades, runners, or a cushion of air. &#8220;Toy
vehicle&#8221; does not include electric personal assistive mobility devices,
electric power-assisted bicycles, mopeds, motorized skateboards or scooters, or
motorcycles, nor does it include any nonmotorized or nonpropellant-driven
devices such as bicycles, roller skates, or skateboards.			&#8220;Tractor
truck&#8221; means every motor vehicle designed and used primarily for drawing
other vehicles and not so constructed as to carry a load other than a part of
the load and weight of the vehicle attached thereto.			&#8220;Traffic control
device&#8221; means a sign, signal, marking, or other device used to regulate,
warn, or guide traffic placed on, over, or adjacent to a street, highway,
private road open to public travel, pedestrian facility, or shared-use path by
authority of a public agency or official having jurisdiction, or in the case of
a private road open to public travel, by authority of the private owner or
private official having jurisdiction.			&#8220;Traffic infraction&#8221; means a
violation of law punishable as provided in &#xA7; 46.2-113, which is neither a
felony nor a misdemeanor.			&#8220;Traffic lane&#8221; or &#8220;lane&#8221;
means that portion of a roadway designed or designated to accommodate the
forward movement of a single line of vehicles.			&#8220;Trailer&#8221; means
every vehicle without motive power designed for carrying property or passengers
wholly on its own structure and for being drawn by a motor vehicle, including
manufactured homes.			&#8220;Truck&#8221; means every motor vehicle designed to
transport property on its own structure independent of any other vehicle and
having a registered gross weight in excess of 7,500 pounds. &#8220;Truck&#8221;
does not include any pickup or panel truck.			&#8220;Truck lessor&#8221; means a
person who holds the legal title to any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer
that is the subject of a bona fide written lease for a term of one year or more
to another person, provided that: (i) neither the lessor nor the lessee is a
common carrier by motor vehicle or restricted common carrier by motor vehicle or
contract carrier by motor vehicle as defined in &#xA7; 46.2-2000; (ii) the
leased motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer is used exclusively for the
transportation of property of the lessee; (iii) the lessor is not employed in
any capacity by the lessee; (iv) the operator of the leased motor vehicle is a
bona fide employee of the lessee and is not employed in any capacity by the
lessor; and (v) a true copy of the lease, verified by affidavit of the lessor,
is filed with the Commissioner.			&#8220;Utility vehicle&#8221; means a motor
vehicle that is (i) designed for off-road use, (ii) powered by a motor, and
(iii) used for general maintenance, security, agricultural, or horticultural
purposes. &#8220;Utility vehicle&#8221; does not include riding lawn
mowers.			&#8220;Vehicle&#8221; means every device in, on or by which any person
or property is or may be transported or drawn on a highway, except personal
delivery devices and devices moved by human power or used exclusively on
stationary rails or tracks. For the purposes of Chapter 8 (&#xA7; 46.2-800 et
seq.), bicycles, electric personal assistive mobility devices, electric
power-assisted bicycles, motorized skateboards or scooters, and mopeds shall be
vehicles while operated on a highway.			&#8220;Watercraft transporter&#8221;
means any tractor truck, lowboy, vehicle, or combination, including vehicles or
combinations that transport watercraft on their power unit, designed and used
exclusively for the transportation of watercraft.			&#8220;Wheel chair or wheel
chair conveyance&#8221; means a chair or seat equipped with wheels, typically
used to provide mobility for persons who, by reason of physical disability, are
otherwise unable to move about as pedestrians. &#8220;Wheel chair or wheel chair
conveyance&#8221; includes both three-wheeled and four-wheeled devices. So long
as it is operated only as provided in &#xA7; 46.2-677, a self-propelled wheel
chair or self-propelled wheel chair conveyance shall not be considered a motor
vehicle.

HISTORY: Code 1950, §§ 46-1, 46-169, 46-185, 46-186, 46-343; 1954, c. 59;
1958, cc. 501, 541, §§ 46.1-1, 46.1-161; 1964, c. 618; 1966, c. 643; 1968, cc.
285, 641, 653, 685; 1972, cc. 433, 609; 1974, c. 347; 1975, cc. 382, 426; 1976,
c. 372; 1977, cc. 252, 585; 1978, cc. 36, 550, 605; 1979, c. 100; 1980, c. 51;
1981, c. 585; 1983, c. 386; 1984, cc. 404, 780; 1985, c. 447; 1986, cc. 72, 613;
1987, c. 151; 1988, cc. 107, 452, 865; 1989, cc. 645, 705, 727; 1990, cc. 45,
418; 1992, c. 98; 1993, c. 133; 1994, c. 866; 1996, cc. 943, 994; 1997, cc. 9,
186, 486, 783, 904; 1998, c. 888; 1999, cc. 67, 77; 2001, c. 834; 2002, cc. 214,
234, 254; 2003, cc. 29, 46; 2004, cc. 746, 796; 2005, cc. 310, 928; 2006, cc.
529, 538, 540, 874, 891, 896; 2007, cc. 209, 325, 366, 393; 2010, c. 135; 2011,
c. 128; 2012, c. 177; 2013, cc. 128, 400, 783; 2014, cc. 53, 256; 2016, cc. 428,
500, 764; 2017, cc. 251, 370, 554, 788; 2018, c. 555; 2019, c. 780; 2020, cc.
59, 260, 1269; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 421; 2023, cc. 148, 149; 2025, cc. 163,
177.