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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>367746</law_id><section_number>53.1-39.3</section_number><catch_line>Use of canines in state correctional facilities; prohibited acts; policies and regulations made public; incidents of use of canines reported; exception</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2026/" slug="2026" current="TRUE" last_updated="2026-08-02">2026</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="117" identifier="53.1">Prisons and Other Methods of Correction</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="2" identifier="2">State Correctional Facilities</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="2" identifier="2">Treatment and Privileges of Prisoners</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> It is unlawful for any <span class="dictionary">correctional officer</span> or other employee of a <span class="dictionary">state correctional facility</span> who is permitted to handle canines to use a patrol or security canine in any <span class="dictionary">state correctional facility</span> unless such <span class="dictionary">correctional officer</span> or other employee (i) reasonably believes that the use of a patrol or security canine is immediately necessary to protect any prisoner or any officer or employee from the threat of serious bodily injury or death or (ii) has the prior approval of the warden or a supervisor to use a patrol or security canine to intervene in an altercation, fight, or other incident between three or more prisoners. If feasible, the <span class="dictionary">correctional officer</span> shall provide a warning to the subject of any canine use of force prior to the deployment of a canine. <a id="paragraph-1368904" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/53.1-39.3/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> The <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall make public any policies and regulations relating to (i) the use of canines, (ii) training requirements for both canines and the handlers of such canines, and (iii) the supervision of the officers or employees who are permitted to handle such canines. <a id="paragraph-1368905" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/53.1-39.3/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> The <span class="dictionary">Department</span> shall track all canine uses of force and all incidents in which canines were present or requested for assistance but no canine use of force occurred. The information collected shall be reported publicly and made available on the <span class="dictionary">Department</span>&#x2019;s website. <a id="paragraph-1368906" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/53.1-39.3/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="D"><p><span class="prefix-number">D.</span> The provisions of this section shall not apply to the training or use of detector canines or detector canine handlers. <a id="paragraph-1368907" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/53.1-39.3/#D"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="E"><p><span class="prefix-number">E.</span> Nothing in this section shall be construed as prohibiting the use of a canine to locate a prisoner who has escaped from a <span class="dictionary">state correctional facility</span>. <a id="paragraph-1368908" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/53.1-39.3/#E"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>2024, c. 99.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
