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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>363478</law_id><section_number>40.1-59</section_number><catch_line>Agreements or combinations declared unlawful</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2026/" slug="2026" current="TRUE" last_updated="2026-08-02">2026</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="89" identifier="40.1">Labor and Employment</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="7" identifier="4">Labor Unions, Strikes, Etc</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="3" identifier="3">Denial or Abridgement of Right to Work</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>Any agreement or combination between any <span class="dictionary">employer</span> and any labor union or labor organization whereby persons not members of such union or organization shall be denied the right to work for the <span class="dictionary">employer</span>, or whereby such membership is made a condition of employment or continuation of employment by such <span class="dictionary">employer</span>, or whereby any such union or organization acquires an employment monopoly in any enterprise, is hereby declared to be against public policy and an illegal combination or conspiracy.</p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 40-69; 1970, c. 321.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
