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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>347012</law_id><section_number>13.1-828</section_number><catch_line>Ultra vires</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2026/" slug="2026" current="TRUE" last_updated="2026-08-02">2026</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="44" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="13" identifier="10">Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="4" identifier="4">Purposes and Powers</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="A"><p><span class="prefix-number">A.</span> Except as provided in subsection B, corporate action may not be challenged on the ground that the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span> lacks or lacked power to act. <a id="paragraph-1294781" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#A"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B"><p><span class="prefix-number">B.</span> A <span class="dictionary">corporation</span>&#x2019;s power to act may be challenged: <a id="paragraph-1294782" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#B"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B1" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> In a <span class="dictionary">proceeding</span> by a <span class="dictionary">member</span> or a <span class="dictionary">director</span> against the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span> to enjoin the act; <a id="paragraph-1294783" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#B1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B2" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> In a <span class="dictionary">proceeding</span> by the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span>, directly, derivatively, or through a receiver, trustee, or other legal representative, against an incumbent or former officer, <span class="dictionary">director</span>, employee, or agent of the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span>; or <a id="paragraph-1294784" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#B2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="B3" class="indent-1"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> In a <span class="dictionary">proceeding</span> against a <span class="dictionary">corporation</span> before the <span class="dictionary">Commission</span>. <a id="paragraph-1294785" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#B3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="C"><p><span class="prefix-number">C.</span> In a <span class="dictionary">proceeding</span> by a <span class="dictionary">member</span> or a <span class="dictionary">director</span> under subdivision B 1 to enjoin an unauthorized corporate act, the <span class="dictionary">court</span> may enjoin or set aside the act and may award <span class="dictionary">damages</span> for loss, except anticipated profits, suffered by the <span class="dictionary">corporation</span> or another <span class="dictionary">party</span> because of enjoining the unauthorized act. <a id="paragraph-1294786" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-828/#C"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>Code 1950, &#xA7; 13.1-206; 1956, c. 428; 1975, c. 500; 1985, c. 522; 2007, c. 925.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
