{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.01-216.10.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.01-216.10.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.01-216.10.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.01-216.10.html"}],"law_id":376923,"edition_id":2,"section_id":376923,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.10","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; issuance; sharing information","history":"2002, c. 842; 2011, c. 676; 2012, c. 479.","full_text":"A\n\nWhenever the Attorney General or his designee has reason to believe that any person may be in possession, custody, or control of any documentary material or information relevant to a false claims law investigation, the Attorney General or his designee may, before commencing a civil proceeding or making an election under this article, issue in writing and cause to be served upon such person, a civil investigative demand requiring such person (i) to produce such documentary material for inspection and copying, (ii) to answer in writing written interrogatories with respect to such documentary material or information, (iii) to give oral testimony concerning such documentary material or information, or (iv) to furnish any combination of such material, answers, or testimony.\n\nB\n\nWhenever a civil investigative demand is an express demand for any product of discovery, the Attorney General shall cause to be served, in any manner authorized by this article, a copy of such demand upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained and shall notify the person to whom such demand is issued of the date on which such copy was served.\n\nC\n\nAny information obtained by the Attorney General or his designee pursuant to this section may be shared with any qui tam relator and any state or federal governmental entity if the Attorney General or his designee determines that such information is necessary as part of any false claims investigation.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1406978,"text":"Whenever the Attorney General or his designee has reason to believe that any person may be in possession, custody, or control of any documentary material or information relevant to a false claims law investigation, the Attorney General or his designee may, before commencing a civil proceeding or making an election under this article, issue in writing and cause to be served upon such person, a civil investigative demand requiring such person (i) to produce such documentary material for inspection and copying, (ii) to answer in writing written interrogatories with respect to such documentary material or information, (iii) to give oral testimony concerning such documentary material or information, or (iv) to furnish any combination of such material, answers, or testimony.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1406979,"text":"Whenever a civil investigative demand is an express demand for any product of discovery, the Attorney General shall cause to be served, in any manner authorized by this article, a copy of such demand upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained and shall notify the person to whom such demand is issued of the date on which such copy was served.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":1406980,"text":"Any information obtained by the Attorney General or his designee pursuant to this section may be shared with any qui tam relator and any state or federal governmental entity if the Attorney General or his designee determines that such information is necessary as part of any false claims investigation.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53577,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Fraud Against Taxpayers Act","identifier":"19.1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":22,"parent_id":53562,"metadata":{"child_laws":19,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:50","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:14","permalink":{"id":1507297,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53577,"identifier":"19.1","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1","url":"\/8.01\/3\/19.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53562,"edition_id":2,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":5,"parent_id":53558,"metadata":{"child_laws":357,"child_structures":31},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:10","permalink":{"id":1506637,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53562,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53558,"edition_id":2,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":12,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1095,"child_structures":142},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:32","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:09","permalink":{"id":1504031,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53558,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":376922,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.1","catch_line":"Citation","url":"\/8.01-216.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.1","metadata":false},{"id":376923,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.10","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; issuance; sharing information","url":"\/8.01-216.10\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.10","metadata":false},{"id":376924,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.11","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlines","url":"\/8.01-216.11\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.11","metadata":false},{"id":376925,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.12","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; protected material or information","url":"\/8.01-216.12\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.12","metadata":false},{"id":376926,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.13","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; service and jurisdiction","url":"\/8.01-216.13\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.13","metadata":false},{"id":376927,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.14","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; documentary material","url":"\/8.01-216.14\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.14","metadata":false},{"id":376928,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.15","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; interrogatories","url":"\/8.01-216.15\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.15","metadata":false},{"id":376929,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.16","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; oral examinations","url":"\/8.01-216.16\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.16","metadata":false},{"id":376930,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.17","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; custodian of documents; answers","url":"\/8.01-216.17\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.17","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":376931,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.18","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; judicial proceedings for noncompliance","url":"\/8.01-216.18\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.18","metadata":false},{"id":376932,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.19","catch_line":"Application of the Rules of the Supreme Court","url":"\/8.01-216.19\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.19","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Marshall v. Commonwealth","case_number":"0782103","citation":"708 S.E.2d 253","date":"2011-05-03","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1061952\/marshall-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 708 S.E.2d 253 (2011) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Elisabeth Arnold v. City of Norfolk","case_number":"2048231","citation":null,"date":"2025-01-07","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10310258\/elisabeth-arnold-v-city-of-norfolk\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":376933,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.2","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/8.01-216.2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.2","metadata":false},{"id":376934,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.3","catch_line":"False claims; civil penalty","url":"\/8.01-216.3\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.3","metadata":false},{"id":376935,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.4","catch_line":"Attorney General; investigation, civil action","url":"\/8.01-216.4\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.4","metadata":false},{"id":376936,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.5","catch_line":"Civil actions filed by private persons; Commonwealth may intervene","url":"\/8.01-216.5\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.5","metadata":false},{"id":376937,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.6","catch_line":"Rights of private plaintiff and Commonwealth","url":"\/8.01-216.6\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.6","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Commonwealth v. Commonwealth Ex Rel. Hunter Labs., LLC","case_number":"Record 170995","citation":"817 S.E.2d 318","date":"2018-08-09","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4524915\/commonwealth-v-commonwealth-ex-rel-hunter-labs-llc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION BY JUSTICE STEPHEN R. McCULLOUGH .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"SCV<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":376938,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.7","catch_line":"Award to private plaintiff","url":"\/8.01-216.7\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.7","metadata":false},{"id":376939,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.8","catch_line":"Certain actions barred; relief from employment discrimination; waiver of sovereign immunity","url":"\/8.01-216.8\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.8","metadata":false},{"id":376940,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.9","catch_line":"Procedure; statute of limitations","url":"\/8.01-216.9\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.9","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}}],"previous_section":{"id":376922,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.1","catch_line":"Citation","url":"\/8.01-216.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":376924,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.11","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlines","url":"\/8.01-216.11\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.11","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-216.10\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2002. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 842<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2011, chapter 676<\/a>; in 2012, chapter 479<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1507303,"object_type":"law","relational_id":376923,"identifier":"8.01-216.10","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.10","url":"\/8.01-216.10\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-216.10\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.10","dublin_core":{"Title":"Civil investigative demands; issuance; sharing information","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-216.10","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Whenever the Attorney General<\/span> or his designee has reason to believe that any person<\/span> may be in possession<\/span>, custody<\/span>, or control of any documentary material<\/span> or information relevant to a false claims<\/span> law<\/span> investigation<\/span>, the Attorney General<\/span> or his designee may, before commencing a civil proceeding or making an election under this article, issue<\/span> in writing and cause to be served upon such person<\/span>, a civil investigative demand requiring such person<\/span> (i) to produce such documentary material<\/span> for inspection and copying, (ii) to answer in writing written interrogatories<\/span> with respect to such documentary material<\/span> or information, (iii) to give oral testimony<\/span> concerning such documentary material<\/span> or information, or (iv) to furnish any combination of such material, answers, or testimony<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Whenever a civil investigative demand is an express demand for any product of discovery<\/span>, the Attorney General<\/span> shall cause to be served, in any manner authorized by this article, a copy of such demand upon the person<\/span> from whom the discovery was obtained and shall notify the person<\/span> to whom such demand is issued of the date on which such copy was served. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> Any information obtained by the Attorney General<\/span> or his designee pursuant to this section may be shared with any qui tam relator and any state or federal governmental entity if the Attorney General<\/span> or his designee determines that such information is necessary as part of any false claims<\/span> investigation<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCIVIL INVESTIGATIVE DEMANDS; ISSUANCE; SHARING INFORMATION (\u00a7 8.01-216.10)\n\nA. Whenever the Attorney General or his designee has reason to believe that any\nperson may be in possession, custody, or control of any documentary material or\ninformation relevant to a false claims law investigation, the Attorney General\nor his designee may, before commencing a civil proceeding or making an election\nunder this article, issue in writing and cause to be served upon such person, a\ncivil investigative demand requiring such person (i) to produce such documentary\nmaterial for inspection and copying, (ii) to answer in writing written\ninterrogatories with respect to such documentary material or information, (iii)\nto give oral testimony concerning such documentary material or information, or\n(iv) to furnish any combination of such material, answers, or testimony.\n\nB. Whenever a civil investigative demand is an express demand for any product of\ndiscovery, the Attorney General shall cause to be served, in any manner\nauthorized by this article, a copy of such demand upon the person from whom the\ndiscovery was obtained and shall notify the person to whom such demand is issued\nof the date on which such copy was served.\n\nC. Any information obtained by the Attorney General or his designee pursuant to\nthis section may be shared with any qui tam relator and any state or federal\ngovernmental entity if the Attorney General or his designee determines that such\ninformation is necessary as part of any false claims investigation.\n\nHISTORY: 2002, c. 842; 2011, c. 676; 2012, c. 479.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}