{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.01-198.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.01-198.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.01-198.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.01-198.html"}],"law_id":376900,"edition_id":2,"section_id":376900,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-198","catch_line":"Action, against whom instituted","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 8-761; 1954, c. 550; 1977, c. 617.","full_text":"Any such action may be instituted against any person indebted or liable to the Commonwealth in any way whatever, and against his sureties, and against his and their personal representatives. And it may be made when the debt or liability is created or secured by a bond or other instrument, whether the same be payable to the Commonwealth or to any person acting in a public character on behalf of the Commonwealth, or be for the payment of money or the performance of other duties. Every judgment on any such motion shall be in the name of the Commonwealth.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1406941,"text":"Any such action may be instituted against any person indebted or liable to the Commonwealth in any way whatever, and against his sureties, and against his and their personal representatives. And it may be made when the debt or liability is created or secured by a bond or other instrument, whether the same be payable to the Commonwealth or to any person acting in a public character on behalf of the Commonwealth, or be for the payment of money or the performance of other duties. Every judgment on any such motion shall be in the name of the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53576,"edition_id":2,"name":"Actions by the Commonwealth","identifier":"19","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":21,"parent_id":53562,"metadata":{"child_laws":21,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:47","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:13","permalink":{"id":1507211,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53576,"identifier":"19","token":"8.01\/3\/19","url":"\/8.01\/3\/19\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53562,"edition_id":2,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":5,"parent_id":53558,"metadata":{"child_laws":357,"child_structures":31},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:10","permalink":{"id":1506637,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53562,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53558,"edition_id":2,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":12,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1095,"child_structures":142},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:32","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:09","permalink":{"id":1504031,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53558,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":376898,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-196","catch_line":"Comptroller to institute proceedings","url":"\/8.01-196\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-196","metadata":false},{"id":376899,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-197","catch_line":"In what name; when not to abate","url":"\/8.01-197\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-197","metadata":false},{"id":376900,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-198","catch_line":"Action, against whom instituted","url":"\/8.01-198\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-198","metadata":false},{"id":376901,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-199","catch_line":"Judgment, nature of","url":"\/8.01-199\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-199","metadata":false},{"id":376905,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-200","catch_line":"Mistakes against State corrected","url":"\/8.01-200\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-200","metadata":false},{"id":376906,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-201","catch_line":"Execution; real estate to be sold","url":"\/8.01-201\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-201","metadata":false},{"id":376907,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-202","catch_line":"Execution, to whom issued","url":"\/8.01-202\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-202","metadata":false},{"id":376908,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-203","catch_line":"Goods and chattels liable before real estate","url":"\/8.01-203\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-203","metadata":false},{"id":376909,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-204","catch_line":"Notice of sale of real estate; when sale to be made","url":"\/8.01-204\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-204","metadata":false},{"id":376910,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-205","catch_line":"How sale made","url":"\/8.01-205\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-205","metadata":false},{"id":376911,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-206","catch_line":"Terms of sale","url":"\/8.01-206\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-206","metadata":false},{"id":376912,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-207","catch_line":"Who to collect purchase money and make deed; disposition of proceeds of sale","url":"\/8.01-207\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-207","metadata":false},{"id":376913,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-208","catch_line":"When successor of officer to make deed","url":"\/8.01-208\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-208","metadata":false},{"id":376914,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-209","catch_line":"Bond for purchase money to have force of judgment","url":"\/8.01-209\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-209","metadata":false},{"id":376916,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-210","catch_line":"Judgment against deceased obligors","url":"\/8.01-210\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-210","metadata":false},{"id":376917,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-211","catch_line":"When venditioni exponas issued to sheriff of adjacent county; what to contain","url":"\/8.01-211\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-211","metadata":false},{"id":376918,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-212","catch_line":"Officer to deliver to sheriff goods and chattels levied on","url":"\/8.01-212\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-212","metadata":false},{"id":376919,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-213","catch_line":"Where same to be sold","url":"\/8.01-213\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-213","metadata":false},{"id":376920,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-214","catch_line":"Where real estate to be sold","url":"\/8.01-214\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-214","metadata":false},{"id":376921,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-215","catch_line":"Return of officer when sale not made because of prior encumbrance","url":"\/8.01-215\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-215","metadata":false},{"id":376941,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-216","catch_line":"Comptroller's power to adjust old claims","url":"\/8.01-216\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-216","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":376899,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-197","catch_line":"In what name; when not to abate","url":"\/8.01-197\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-197","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":376901,"structure_id":53576,"section_number":"8.01-199","catch_line":"Judgment, nature of","url":"\/8.01-199\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-199","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-198\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1954, chapter 550; in 1977, chapter 617.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1507221,"object_type":"law","relational_id":376900,"identifier":"8.01-198","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-198","url":"\/8.01-198\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-198\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19\/8.01-198","dublin_core":{"Title":"Action, against whom instituted","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-198","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any such <span class=\"dictionary\">action<\/span> may be instituted against any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> indebted or liable to the Commonwealth in any way whatever, and against his sureties, and against his and their personal representatives. And it may be made when the debt or liability is created or secured by a <span class=\"dictionary\">bond<\/span> or other instrument, whether the same be payable to the Commonwealth or to any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> acting in a public character on behalf of the Commonwealth, or be for the payment of money or the performance of other duties. Every <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> on any such <span class=\"dictionary\">motion<\/span> shall be in the name of the Commonwealth.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nACTION, AGAINST WHOM INSTITUTED (\u00a7 8.01-198)\n\nAny such action may be instituted against any person indebted or liable to the\nCommonwealth in any way whatever, and against his sureties, and against his and\ntheir personal representatives. And it may be made when the debt or liability is\ncreated or secured by a bond or other instrument, whether the same be payable to\nthe Commonwealth or to any person acting in a public character on behalf of the\nCommonwealth, or be for the payment of money or the performance of other duties.\nEvery judgment on any such motion shall be in the name of the Commonwealth.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 8-761; 1954, c. 550; 1977, c. 617.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}