{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/64.2-1630.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/64.2-1630.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/64.2-1630.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/64.2-1630.html"}],"law_id":375964,"edition_id":2,"section_id":375964,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1630","catch_line":"Operation of entity or business","history":"2010, cc. 455, 632, \u00a7 26-103; 2012, c. 614.","full_text":"Subject to the terms of a document or an agreement governing an entity or an entity ownership interest, and unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to operation of an entity or business authorizes the agent to:\n\n1\n\nOperate, buy, sell, enlarge, reduce, or terminate an ownership interest;\n\n2\n\nPerform a duty or discharge a liability and exercise in person or by proxy a right, power, privilege, or option that the principal has, may have, or claims to have;\n\n3\n\nEnforce the terms of an ownership agreement;\n\n4\n\nInitiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to which the principal is a party because of an ownership interest;\n\n5\n\nExercise in person or by proxy, or enforce by litigation or otherwise, a right, power, privilege, or option the principal has or claims to have as the holder of stocks and bonds;\n\n6\n\nInitiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to which the principal is a party concerning stocks and bonds;\n\n7\n\nWith respect to an entity or business owned solely by the principal:\n\t\t\ta. Continue, modify, renegotiate, extend, and terminate a contract made by or on behalf of the principal with respect to the entity or business before execution of the power of attorney;\n\n\t\t\tb. Determine (i) the location of its operation; (ii) the nature and extent of its business; (iii) the methods of manufacturing, selling, merchandising, financing, accounting, and advertising employed in its operation; (iv) the amount and types of insurance carried; and (v) the mode of engaging, compensating, and dealing with its employees and accountants, attorneys, or other advisors;\n\n\t\t\tc. Change the name or form of organization under which the entity or business is operated and enter into an ownership agreement with other persons to take over all or part of the operation of the entity or business; and\n\n\t\t\td. Demand and receive money due or claimed by the principal or on the principal’s behalf in the operation of the entity or business and control and disburse the money in the operation of the entity or business;\n\n8\n\nPut additional capital into an entity or business in which the principal has an interest;\n\n9\n\nJoin in a plan of reorganization, consolidation, conversion, domestication, or merger of the entity or business;\n\n10\n\nSell or liquidate all or part of an entity or business;\n\n11\n\nEstablish the value of an entity or business under a buyout agreement to which the principal is a party;\n\n12\n\nPrepare, sign, file, and deliver reports, compilations of information, returns, or other papers with respect to an entity or business and make related payments; and\n\n13\n\nPay, compromise, or contest taxes, assessments, fines, or penalties and perform any other act to protect the principal from illegal or unnecessary taxation, assessments, fines, or penalties, with respect to an entity or business, including attempts to recover, in any manner permitted by law, money paid before or after the execution of the power of attorney.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1403729,"text":"Subject to the terms of a document or an agreement governing an entity or an entity ownership interest, and unless the power of attorney otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to operation of an entity or business authorizes the agent to:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":1403730,"text":"Operate, buy, sell, enlarge, reduce, or terminate an ownership interest;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":1403731,"text":"Perform a duty or discharge a liability and exercise in person or by proxy a right, power, privilege, or option that the principal has, may have, or claims to have;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":1403732,"text":"Enforce the terms of an ownership agreement;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":1403733,"text":"Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to which the principal is a party because of an ownership interest;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":1403734,"text":"Exercise in person or by proxy, or enforce by litigation or otherwise, a right, power, privilege, or option the principal has or claims to have as the holder of stocks and bonds;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":1403735,"text":"Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to which the principal is a party concerning stocks and bonds;","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":1403736,"text":"With respect to an entity or business owned solely by the principal:\n\t\t\ta. Continue, modify, renegotiate, extend, and terminate a contract made by or on behalf of the principal with respect to the entity or business before execution of the power of attorney;\t\t\tb. Determine (i) the location of its operation; (ii) the nature and extent of its business; (iii) the methods of manufacturing, selling, merchandising, financing, accounting, and advertising employed in its operation; (iv) the amount and types of insurance carried; and (v) the mode of engaging, compensating, and dealing with its employees and accountants, attorneys, or other advisors;\t\t\tc. Change the name or form of organization under which the entity or business is operated and enter into an ownership agreement with other persons to take over all or part of the operation of the entity or business; and\t\t\td. Demand and receive money due or claimed by the principal or on the principal’s behalf in the operation of the entity or business and control and disburse the money in the operation of the entity or business;","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6","next_prefix":"8"},"8":{"id":1403737,"text":"Put additional capital into an entity or business in which the principal has an interest;","type":"section","prefixes":["8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"8","prefix_anchor":"8","level":1,"prior_prefix":"7","next_prefix":"9"},"9":{"id":1403738,"text":"Join in a plan of reorganization, consolidation, conversion, domestication, or merger of the entity or business;","type":"section","prefixes":["9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"9","prefix_anchor":"9","level":1,"prior_prefix":"8","next_prefix":"10"},"10":{"id":1403739,"text":"Sell or liquidate all or part of an entity or business;","type":"section","prefixes":["10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"10","prefix_anchor":"10","level":1,"prior_prefix":"9","next_prefix":"11"},"11":{"id":1403740,"text":"Establish the value of an entity or business under a buyout agreement to which the principal is a party;","type":"section","prefixes":["11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"11","prefix_anchor":"11","level":1,"prior_prefix":"10","next_prefix":"12"},"12":{"id":1403741,"text":"Prepare, sign, file, and deliver reports, compilations of information, returns, or other papers with respect to an entity or business and make related payments; and","type":"section","prefixes":["12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"12","prefix_anchor":"12","level":1,"prior_prefix":"11","next_prefix":"13"},"13":{"id":1403742,"text":"Pay, compromise, or contest taxes, assessments, fines, or penalties and perform any other act to protect the principal from illegal or unnecessary taxation, assessments, fines, or penalties, with respect to an entity or business, including attempts to recover, in any manner permitted by law, money paid before or after the execution of the power of attorney.","type":"section","prefixes":["13"],"prefix":"13","entire_prefix":"13","prefix_anchor":"13","level":1,"prior_prefix":"12"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53464,"edition_id":2,"name":"Authority","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":5,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53462,"metadata":{"child_laws":17,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:16:49","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:37:21","permalink":{"id":1502249,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53464,"identifier":"2","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2","url":"\/64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53462,"edition_id":2,"name":"Uniform Power of Attorney Act","identifier":"16","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":53461,"metadata":{"child_laws":43,"child_structures":4},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:16:47","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:37:21","permalink":{"id":1502157,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53462,"identifier":"16","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16","url":"\/64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53461,"edition_id":2,"name":"Powers of Attorney","identifier":"B","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53453,"metadata":{"child_laws":43,"child_structures":5},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:16:47","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:37:21","permalink":{"id":1502155,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53461,"identifier":"B","token":"64.2\/IV\/B","url":"\/64.2\/IV\/B\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53453,"edition_id":2,"name":"Fiduciaries and Guardians","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":4,"parent_id":53424,"metadata":{"child_laws":215,"child_structures":27},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:16:39","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:37:18","permalink":{"id":1501815,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53453,"identifier":"IV","token":"64.2\/IV","url":"\/64.2\/IV\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53424,"edition_id":2,"name":"Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries","identifier":"64.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":136,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":776,"child_structures":114},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:16:27","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:37:05","permalink":{"id":1499783,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53424,"identifier":"64.2","token":"64.2","url":"\/64.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":375956,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1622","catch_line":"Authority that requires specific grant; grant of general authority","url":"\/64.2-1622\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1622","metadata":false},{"id":375957,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1623","catch_line":"Incorporation of authority","url":"\/64.2-1623\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1623","metadata":false},{"id":375958,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1624","catch_line":"Construction of authority generally","url":"\/64.2-1624\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1624","metadata":false},{"id":375959,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1625","catch_line":"Real property","url":"\/64.2-1625\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1625","metadata":false},{"id":375960,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1626","catch_line":"Tangible personal property","url":"\/64.2-1626\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1626","metadata":false},{"id":375961,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1627","catch_line":"Stocks and bonds","url":"\/64.2-1627\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1627","metadata":false},{"id":375962,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1628","catch_line":"Commodities and options","url":"\/64.2-1628\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1628","metadata":false},{"id":375963,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1629","catch_line":"Banks and other financial institutions","url":"\/64.2-1629\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1629","metadata":false},{"id":375964,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1630","catch_line":"Operation of entity or business","url":"\/64.2-1630\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1630","metadata":false},{"id":375965,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1631","catch_line":"Insurance and annuities","url":"\/64.2-1631\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1631","metadata":false},{"id":375966,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1632","catch_line":"Estates, trusts, and other beneficial interests","url":"\/64.2-1632\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1632","metadata":false},{"id":375967,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1633","catch_line":"Claims and litigation","url":"\/64.2-1633\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1633","metadata":false},{"id":375968,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1634","catch_line":"Personal and family maintenance","url":"\/64.2-1634\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1634","metadata":false},{"id":375969,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1635","catch_line":"Benefits from governmental programs or civil or military service","url":"\/64.2-1635\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1635","metadata":false},{"id":375970,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1636","catch_line":"Retirement plans","url":"\/64.2-1636\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1636","metadata":false},{"id":375971,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1637","catch_line":"Taxes","url":"\/64.2-1637\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1637","metadata":false},{"id":375972,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1638","catch_line":"Gifts","url":"\/64.2-1638\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1638","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":375963,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1629","catch_line":"Banks and other financial institutions","url":"\/64.2-1629\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1629","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":375965,"structure_id":53464,"section_number":"64.2-1631","catch_line":"Insurance and annuities","url":"\/64.2-1631\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1631","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/64.2-1630\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2010. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 455<\/a> and 632<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2012, chapter 614<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1502283,"object_type":"law","relational_id":375964,"identifier":"64.2-1630","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1630","url":"\/64.2-1630\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/64.2-1630\/","token":"64.2\/IV\/B\/16\/2\/64.2-1630","dublin_core":{"Title":"Operation of entity or business","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 64.2-1630","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Subject to the terms of a document or an agreement governing an entity or an entity ownership interest, and unless the power of attorney<\/span> otherwise provides, language in a power of attorney<\/span> granting general authority with respect to operation of an entity or business authorizes the agent<\/span> to:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Operate, buy, sell, enlarge, reduce, or terminate an ownership interest; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Perform a duty or discharge a liability and exercise in person<\/span> or by proxy a right, power, privilege<\/span>, or option that the principal<\/span> has, may have, or claims to have; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Enforce the terms of an ownership agreement; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution<\/span> of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation<\/span> to which the principal<\/span> is a party<\/span> because of an ownership interest; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Exercise in person<\/span> or by proxy, or enforce by litigation<\/span> or otherwise, a right, power, privilege<\/span>, or option the principal<\/span> has or claims to have as the holder of stocks and bonds<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution<\/span> of, settle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation<\/span> to which the principal<\/span> is a party<\/span> concerning stocks and bonds<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> With respect to an entity or business owned solely by the principal<\/span>:\n\t\t\ta. Continue, modify, renegotiate, extend, and terminate a contract<\/span> made by or on behalf of the principal<\/span> with respect to the entity or business before execution of the power of attorney<\/span>;

\t\t\tb. Determine (i) the location of its operation; (ii) the nature and extent of its business; (iii) the methods of manufacturing, selling, merchandising, financing, accounting, and advertising employed in its operation; (iv) the amount and types of insurance carried; and (v) the mode of engaging, compensating, and dealing with its employees and accountants, attorneys, or other advisors;

\t\t\tc. Change the name or form of organization under which the entity or business is operated and enter into an ownership agreement with other persons<\/span> to take over all or part of the operation of the entity or business; and

\t\t\td. Demand and receive money due or claimed by the principal<\/span> or on the principal<\/span>’s behalf in the operation of the entity or business and control and disburse the money in the operation of the entity or business; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Put additional capital into an entity or business in which the principal<\/span> has an interest; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> Join in a plan of reorganization, consolidation<\/span>, conversion, domestication, or merger of the entity or business; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> Sell or liquidate all or part of an entity or business; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

11.<\/span> Establish the value<\/span> of an entity or business under a buyout agreement to which the principal<\/span> is a party<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

12.<\/span> Prepare, sign, file, and deliver reports, compilations of information, returns, or other papers with respect to an entity or business and make related payments; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

13.<\/span> Pay, compromise, or contest taxes, assessments, fines, or penalties and perform any other act to protect the principal<\/span> from illegal or unnecessary taxation, assessments, fines, or penalties, with respect to an entity or business, including attempts to recover, in any manner permitted by law<\/span>, money paid before or after the execution of the power of attorney<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nOPERATION OF ENTITY OR BUSINESS (\u00a7 64.2-1630)\n\nSubject to the terms of a document or an agreement governing an entity or an\nentity ownership interest, and unless the power of attorney otherwise provides,\nlanguage in a power of attorney granting general authority with respect to\noperation of an entity or business authorizes the agent to:\n\n1. Operate, buy, sell, enlarge, reduce, or terminate an ownership interest;\n\n2. Perform a duty or discharge a liability and exercise in person or by proxy a\nright, power, privilege, or option that the principal has, may have, or claims\nto have;\n\n3. Enforce the terms of an ownership agreement;\n\n4. Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of,\nsettle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to\nwhich the principal is a party because of an ownership interest;\n\n5. Exercise in person or by proxy, or enforce by litigation or otherwise, a\nright, power, privilege, or option the principal has or claims to have as the\nholder of stocks and bonds;\n\n6. Initiate, participate in, submit to alternative dispute resolution of,\nsettle, oppose, or propose or accept a compromise with respect to litigation to\nwhich the principal is a party concerning stocks and bonds;\n\n7. With respect to an entity or business owned solely by the principal:\n\t\t\ta. Continue, modify, renegotiate, extend, and terminate a contract made by or\non behalf of the principal with respect to the entity or business before\nexecution of the power of attorney;\t\t\tb. Determine (i) the location of its\noperation; (ii) the nature and extent of its business; (iii) the methods of\nmanufacturing, selling, merchandising, financing, accounting, and advertising\nemployed in its operation; (iv) the amount and types of insurance carried; and\n(v) the mode of engaging, compensating, and dealing with its employees and\naccountants, attorneys, or other advisors;\t\t\tc. Change the name or form of\norganization under which the entity or business is operated and enter into an\nownership agreement with other persons to take over all or part of the operation\nof the entity or business; and\t\t\td. Demand and receive money due or claimed by\nthe principal or on the principal’s behalf in the operation of the entity\nor business and control and disburse the money in the operation of the entity or\nbusiness;\n\n8. Put additional capital into an entity or business in which the principal has\nan interest;\n\n9. Join in a plan of reorganization, consolidation, conversion, domestication,\nor merger of the entity or business;\n\n10. Sell or liquidate all or part of an entity or business;\n\n11. Establish the value of an entity or business under a buyout agreement to\nwhich the principal is a party;\n\n12. Prepare, sign, file, and deliver reports, compilations of information,\nreturns, or other papers with respect to an entity or business and make related\npayments; and\n\n13. Pay, compromise, or contest taxes, assessments, fines, or penalties and\nperform any other act to protect the principal from illegal or unnecessary\ntaxation, assessments, fines, or penalties, with respect to an entity or\nbusiness, including attempts to recover, in any manner permitted by law, money\npaid before or after the execution of the power of attorney.\n\nHISTORY: 2010, cc. 455, 632, \u00a7 26-103; 2012, c. 614.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}