{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/6.2-2108.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/6.2-2108.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/6.2-2108.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/6.2-2108.html"}],"law_id":374102,"edition_id":2,"section_id":374102,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2108","catch_line":"Civil penalties; civil action","history":"1995, c. 221, \u00a7 6.1-440; 2010, c. 794; 2014, c. 768.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Commission may impose a civil penalty not exceeding $1,000 upon any person required to be registered hereunder who it determines, in proceedings commenced in accordance with the Commission’s Rules, has violated any of the provisions of this chapter or regulations adopted thereunder. However, the civil penalty that may be imposed upon any registrant who has violated a provision of § 6.2-2107.1 shall not exceed $100. For the purposes of this section, each separate violation shall be subject to the civil penalty therein prescribed.\n\nB\n\nAny person who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter, other than a violation of a provision of § 6.2-2107.1, may bring a civil action to enforce such provision. Any person who is successful in such action shall recover reasonable attorney fees, expert witness fees, and court costs incurred by bringing such action.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1396543,"text":"The Commission may impose a civil penalty not exceeding $1,000 upon any person required to be registered hereunder who it determines, in proceedings commenced in accordance with the Commission’s Rules, has violated any of the provisions of this chapter or regulations adopted thereunder. However, the civil penalty that may be imposed upon any registrant who has violated a provision of § 6.2-2107.1 shall not exceed $100. For the purposes of this section, each separate violation shall be subject to the civil penalty therein prescribed.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1396544,"text":"Any person who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter, other than a violation of a provision of § 6.2-2107.1, may bring a civil action to enforce such provision. Any person who is successful in such action shall recover reasonable attorney fees, expert witness fees, and court costs incurred by bringing such action.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53200,"edition_id":2,"name":"Check Cashers","identifier":"21","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":8,"parent_id":53187,"metadata":{"child_laws":13,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:12:51","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:08","permalink":{"id":1493835,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53200,"identifier":"21","token":"6.2\/III\/21","url":"\/6.2\/III\/21\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53187,"edition_id":2,"name":"Other Regulated Providers of Financial Services","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":3,"parent_id":53152,"metadata":{"child_laws":332,"child_structures":12},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:12:17","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:07","permalink":{"id":1492723,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53187,"identifier":"III","token":"6.2\/III","url":"\/6.2\/III\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53152,"edition_id":2,"name":"Financial Institutions and Services","identifier":"6.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":10,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":961,"child_structures":89},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:41","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:53","permalink":{"id":1490251,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53152,"identifier":"6.2","token":"6.2","url":"\/6.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":374093,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2100","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/6.2-2100\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2100","metadata":false},{"id":374094,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2101","catch_line":"Registration requirement; offices","url":"\/6.2-2101\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2101","metadata":false},{"id":374095,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2102","catch_line":"Exempt persons","url":"\/6.2-2102\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2102","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":374096,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2103","catch_line":"Registration fees; reports","url":"\/6.2-2103\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2103","metadata":false},{"id":374097,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2104","catch_line":"Investigations","url":"\/6.2-2104\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2104","metadata":false},{"id":374098,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2105","catch_line":"Fees posted; endorsement of items cashed","url":"\/6.2-2105\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2105","metadata":false},{"id":374099,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2106","catch_line":"Regulations","url":"\/6.2-2106\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2106","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":374101,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2107","catch_line":"Prohibited practices","url":"\/6.2-2107\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2107","metadata":false},{"id":374100,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2107.1","catch_line":"Recordkeeping requirements","url":"\/6.2-2107.1\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2107.1","metadata":false},{"id":374102,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2108","catch_line":"Civil penalties; civil action","url":"\/6.2-2108\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2108","metadata":false},{"id":374103,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2109","catch_line":"Criminal penalties","url":"\/6.2-2109\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2109","metadata":false},{"id":374104,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2110","catch_line":"Revocation of registration","url":"\/6.2-2110\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2110","metadata":false},{"id":374105,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2111","catch_line":"Notice of proposed revocation","url":"\/6.2-2111\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2111","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":374100,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2107.1","catch_line":"Recordkeeping requirements","url":"\/6.2-2107.1\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2107.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":374103,"structure_id":53200,"section_number":"6.2-2109","catch_line":"Criminal penalties","url":"\/6.2-2109\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2109","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/6.2-2108\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1995. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 221<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2010, chapter 794<\/a>; in 2014, chapter 768<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":374100,"section_number":"6.2-2107.1","catch_line":"Recordkeeping requirements","order_by":null,"url":"\/6.2-2107.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1493873,"object_type":"law","relational_id":374102,"identifier":"6.2-2108","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2108","url":"\/6.2-2108\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/6.2-2108\/","token":"6.2\/III\/21\/6.2-2108","dublin_core":{"Title":"Civil penalties; civil action","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 6.2-2108","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The Commission<\/span> may impose a civil penalty<\/span> not exceeding $1,000 upon any person<\/span> required to be registered hereunder who it determines, in proceedings commenced in accordance with the Commission<\/span>’s Rules, has violated any of the provisions of this chapter or regulations adopted thereunder. However, the civil penalty<\/span> that may be imposed upon any registrant<\/span> who has violated a provision of § 6.2-2107.1<\/a> shall not exceed $100. For the purposes of this section, each separate violation shall be subject to the civil penalty<\/span> therein prescribed. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Any person<\/span> who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter, other than a violation of a provision of § 6.2-2107.1<\/a>, may bring a civil action<\/span> to enforce such provision. Any person<\/span> who is successful in such action shall recover reasonable attorney fees, expert witness<\/span> fees, and court<\/span> costs incurred by bringing such action. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCIVIL PENALTIES; CIVIL ACTION (\u00a7 6.2-2108)\n\nA. The Commission may impose a civil penalty not exceeding $1,000 upon any\nperson required to be registered hereunder who it determines, in proceedings\ncommenced in accordance with the Commission’s Rules, has violated any of\nthe provisions of this chapter or regulations adopted thereunder. However, the\ncivil penalty that may be imposed upon any registrant who has violated a\nprovision of § 6.2-2107.1 shall not exceed $100. For the purposes of this\nsection, each separate violation shall be subject to the civil penalty therein\nprescribed.\n\nB. Any person who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this\nchapter, other than a violation of a provision of § 6.2-2107.1, may bring a\ncivil action to enforce such provision. Any person who is successful in such\naction shall recover reasonable attorney fees, expert witness fees, and court\ncosts incurred by bringing such action.\n\nHISTORY: 1995, c. 221, \u00a7 6.1-440; 2010, c. 794; 2014, c. 768.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}