{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-610.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-610.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-610.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-610.html"}],"law_id":373445,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373445,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-610","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","history":"2025, cc. 685, 686.","full_text":"Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of the Virginia Consumer Protection Act (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.).\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1393814,"text":"Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of the Virginia Consumer Protection Act (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.).","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53144,"edition_id":2,"name":"Mandatory Fees or Surcharges","identifier":"58","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":56,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":4,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:32","permalink":{"id":1489887,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53144,"identifier":"58","token":"59.1\/58","url":"\/59.1\/58\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":373442,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-607","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-607\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-607","metadata":false},{"id":373443,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-608","catch_line":"Mandatory fees or surcharges; disclosure required","url":"\/59.1-608\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-608","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Chamber of Commerce of the United States v. Brooke Lierman","case_number":"24-1727","citation":null,"date":"2025-08-15","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10655466\/chamber-of-commerce-of-the-united-states-v-brooke-lierman\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. USCA4 Appeal: 24-1727     Doc: 48         Filed: 08\/15\/2025    Pg: 1 of 23 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":373444,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-609","catch_line":"Limitations; exclusions","url":"\/59.1-609\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-609","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":373445,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-610","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-610\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-610","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}}],"previous_section":{"id":373444,"structure_id":53144,"section_number":"59.1-609","catch_line":"Limitations; exclusions","url":"\/59.1-609\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-609","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"metadata":{"court_decisions":""},"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-610\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2025. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?251+ful+CHAP0685\">685<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?251+ful+CHAP0686\">686<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":372741,"section_number":"59.1-196","catch_line":"Title","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-196\/"},{"id":372746,"section_number":"59.1-200","catch_line":"Prohibited practices","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-200\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1489901,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373445,"identifier":"59.1-610","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-610","url":"\/59.1-610\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-610\/","token":"59.1\/58\/59.1-610","dublin_core":{"Title":"Enforcement; penalties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-610","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Prohibited practices\" href=\"\/59.1-200\/\">59.1-200<\/a> and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of the Virginia Consumer Protection Act (\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Title\" href=\"\/59.1-196\/\">59.1-196<\/a> et seq.).<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENFORCEMENT; PENALTIES (\u00a7 59.1-610)\n\nAny violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the\nprovisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement\nprovisions of the Virginia Consumer Protection Act (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.).\n\nHISTORY: 2025, cc. 685, 686.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}