{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/56-431.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/56-431.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/56-431.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/56-431.html"}],"law_id":370398,"edition_id":2,"section_id":370398,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-431","catch_line":"When company not liable for injury on enclosed track","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 3948.","full_text":"No railroad company shall be liable for any injury to any person or property on such part of its track as may be enclosed according to the provisions of this chapter, unless it be made to appear that the person or property was thereon by express permission of the company, or through the negligence of its employees, agents or servants, or unless the injury was willful or the result of gross negligence on the part of the company, its servants, agents, or employees.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1381604,"text":"No railroad company shall be liable for any injury to any person or property on such part of its track as may be enclosed according to the provisions of this chapter, unless it be made to appear that the person or property was thereon by express permission of the company, or through the negligence of its employees, agents or servants, or unless the injury was willful or the result of gross negligence on the part of the company, its servants, agents, or employees.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52752,"edition_id":2,"name":"Rights-Of-Way; 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duty of appraisers","url":"\/56-436\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-436","metadata":false},{"id":370404,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-437","catch_line":"Effect of appraisal in case of suit; costs","url":"\/56-437\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-437","metadata":false},{"id":370405,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-438","catch_line":"Fee of appraisers","url":"\/56-438\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-438","metadata":false},{"id":370407,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-439","catch_line":"Application of \u00a7\u00a7 56-436 through 56-438","url":"\/56-439\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-439","metadata":false},{"id":370406,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-439.1","catch_line":"Notice of injury or death of certain livestock; penalty","url":"\/56-439.1\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-439.1","metadata":false},{"id":370409,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-440","catch_line":"Penalty for failure to remove cause of complaint in cities or towns","url":"\/56-440\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-440","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":370397,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-430","catch_line":"Construction of \u00a7 56-429; burden of proof","url":"\/56-430\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-430","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":370399,"structure_id":52752,"section_number":"56-432","catch_line":"Liability for injury on track not enclosed","url":"\/56-432\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-432","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/56-431\/","history_text":false,"references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1476759,"object_type":"law","relational_id":370398,"identifier":"56-431","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-431","url":"\/56-431\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/56-431\/","token":"56\/13\/8\/56-431","dublin_core":{"Title":"When company not liable for injury on enclosed track","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 56-431","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>No <span class=\"dictionary\">railroad company<\/span> shall be liable for any injury to any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> or property on such part of its track as may be enclosed according to the provisions of this chapter, unless it be made to appear that the <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> or property was thereon by express permission of the company, or through the <span class=\"dictionary\">negligence<\/span> of its employees, agents or servants, or unless the injury was willful or the result of gross <span class=\"dictionary\">negligence<\/span> on the part of the company, its servants, agents, or employees.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nWHEN COMPANY NOT LIABLE FOR INJURY ON ENCLOSED TRACK (\u00a7 56-431)\n\nNo railroad company shall be liable for any injury to any person or property on\nsuch part of its track as may be enclosed according to the provisions of this\nchapter, unless it be made to appear that the person or property was thereon by\nexpress permission of the company, or through the negligence of its employees,\nagents or servants, or unless the injury was willful or the result of gross\nnegligence on the part of the company, its servants, agents, or employees.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 3948.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}