{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/56-2.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/56-2.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/56-2.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/56-2.html"}],"law_id":370090,"edition_id":2,"section_id":370090,"structure_id":52704,"section_number":"56-2","catch_line":"Public service corporations, etc., governed by provisions of this title","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 3900.","full_text":"Every public service corporation heretofore or hereafter incorporated and authorized to construct, maintain, or operate, in this Commonwealth, any work of public service, and every association, person, or partnership constructing, maintaining, or operating any such work, shall be governed by the provisions of this title and Title 13.1, so far as they apply to such corporations, associations, persons, and partnerships, as well as by any laws that may hereafter be enacted relating to such corporations.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1380597,"text":"Every public service corporation heretofore or hereafter incorporated and authorized to construct, maintain, or operate, in this Commonwealth, any work of public service, and every association, person, or partnership constructing, maintaining, or operating any such work, shall be governed by the provisions of this title and Title 13.1, so far as they apply to such corporations, associations, persons, and partnerships, as well as by any laws that may hereafter be enacted relating to such corporations.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52704,"edition_id":2,"name":"In General","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":52703,"metadata":{"child_laws":15,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:03:25","date_modified":"2026-08-02 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Andrew C. Graves, Esq.","case_number":"1079223","citation":null,"date":"2023-10-17","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/9433213\/mark-ohara-wright-v-andrew-c-graves-esq\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Mark O'Hara Wright v. Andrew C. Graves, Esq.","case_number":"1079223","citation":null,"date":"2023-10-17","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/9434732\/mark-ohara-wright-v-andrew-c-graves-esq\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"2":{"name":"United States ex rel. Davis v. U.S. Training Center, Inc.","case_number":"Civil No. 1:08cv1244","citation":"829 F. Supp. 2d 329","date":"2011-12-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8711122\/united-states-ex-rel-davis-v-us-training-center-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. ORDER .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"3":{"name":"United States v. Hernandez-Villanueva","case_number":"06-4211","citation":null,"date":"2007-01-10","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2968406\/united-states-v-hernandez-villanueva\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Humphreys & Partners Architects v. Lessard Design, .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"14-2030","citation":"790 F.3d 532","date":"2015-06-23","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2810928\/humphreys-partners-architects-v-lessard-design-incorporated\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published opinion. Judge DUNCAN -wrote the opinion, in which Judge SHEDD and Judge .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Humphreys & Partners Architects v. Lessard Design, .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"14-2030","citation":null,"date":"2015-06-24","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2811286\/humphreys-partners-architects-v-lessard-design-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"6":{"name":"In re: GNC Corp. v.","case_number":"14-1724","citation":"789 F.3d 505","date":"2015-06-19","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2810184\/in-re-gnc-corp-v\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published opinion. Judge FLOYD wrote the opinion, in which Judge NIEMEYER and Senior .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":"Wal-Mart Stores East, LP v. State Corporation Commission","case_number":"191160","citation":null,"date":"2020-07-09","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4766624\/wal-mart-stores-east-lp-v-state-corporation-commission\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: Mims, Powell, Kelsey, McCullough, and Chafin, JJ., and Russell and Millette, S.JJ. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"8":{"name":"JTH Tax, Inc. v. Lee","case_number":"2:06cv486","citation":"514 F. Supp. 2d 818","date":"2007-09-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1961758\/jth-tax-inc-v-lee\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 514 F.Supp.2d 818 (2007) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"9":{"name":"Campbell v. Harmon","case_number":"051410.","citation":"628 S.E.2d 308","date":"2006-04-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058841\/campbell-v-harmon\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 628 S.E.2d 308 (2006) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":370733,"structure_id":52704,"section_number":"56-8.1","catch_line":"Free services to members of General Assembly and others prohibited","url":"\/56-8.1\/","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-8.1","metadata":false},{"id":370734,"structure_id":52704,"section_number":"56-8.2","catch_line":"Appeals in rate cases","url":"\/56-8.2\/","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-8.2","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":370048,"structure_id":52704,"section_number":"56-1.3","catch_line":"Regulation of Voice-over-Internet protocol service","url":"\/56-1.3\/","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-1.3","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":370306,"structure_id":52704,"section_number":"56-3","catch_line":"Expenses prior to organization","url":"\/56-3\/","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-3","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/56-2\/","history_text":false,"references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1475501,"object_type":"law","relational_id":370090,"identifier":"56-2","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-2","url":"\/56-2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/56-2\/","token":"56\/1\/1\/56-2","dublin_core":{"Title":"Public service corporations, etc., governed by provisions of this title","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 56-2","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Every <span class=\"dictionary\">public service corporation<\/span> heretofore or hereafter incorporated and authorized to construct, maintain, or operate, in this Commonwealth, any work of public service, and every association, <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span>, or partnership constructing, maintaining, or operating any such work, shall be governed by the provisions of this title and Title 13.1, so far as they apply to such <span class=\"dictionary\">corporations<\/span>, associations, <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span>, and partnerships, as well as by any <span class=\"dictionary\">laws<\/span> that may hereafter be enacted relating to such <span class=\"dictionary\">corporations<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPUBLIC SERVICE CORPORATIONS, ETC., GOVERNED BY PROVISIONS OF THIS TITLE (\u00a7\n56-2)\n\nEvery public service corporation heretofore or hereafter incorporated and\nauthorized to construct, maintain, or operate, in this Commonwealth, any work of\npublic service, and every association, person, or partnership constructing,\nmaintaining, or operating any such work, shall be governed by the provisions of\nthis title and Title 13.1, so far as they apply to such corporations,\nassociations, persons, and partnerships, as well as by any laws that may\nhereafter be enacted relating to such corporations.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 3900.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}