{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/54.1-2409.4.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/54.1-2409.4.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/54.1-2409.4.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/54.1-2409.4.html"}],"law_id":368201,"edition_id":2,"section_id":368201,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.4","catch_line":"Authority to receive laboratory results directly","history":"2007, cc. 887, 930; 2011, cc. 807, 849.","full_text":"A\n\nAny health care practitioner licensed under this title who, within the scope of his practice, orders a laboratory test or other examination of the physical condition of any person shall, if so requested by the patient or his legal guardian, provide a copy of the report of the results to the patient or his legal guardian, unless, in the professional opinion of the health care practitioner, there is a medical reason not to do so.\n\nB\n\nThe health care practitioner, at his sole discretion, may authorize the laboratory to provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the patient or his legal guardian. The patient or his legal guardian shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.\n\nC\n\nWith the prior authorization of the patient, a laboratory may, contemporaneously with, or subsequent to, furnishing the report to the ordering health care practitioner, provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan that provides health insurance or similar coverage to the patient. The insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1370672,"text":"Any health care practitioner licensed under this title who, within the scope of his practice, orders a laboratory test or other examination of the physical condition of any person shall, if so requested by the patient or his legal guardian, provide a copy of the report of the results to the patient or his legal guardian, unless, in the professional opinion of the health care practitioner, there is a medical reason not to do so.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1370673,"text":"The health care practitioner, at his sole discretion, may authorize the laboratory to provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the patient or his legal guardian. The patient or his legal guardian shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":1370674,"text":"With the prior authorization of the patient, a laboratory may, contemporaneously with, or subsequent to, furnishing the report to the ordering health care practitioner, provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan that provides health insurance or similar coverage to the patient. The insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":52480,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"24","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":52479,"metadata":{"child_laws":44,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:59:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:35:00","permalink":{"id":1468109,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52480,"identifier":"24","token":"54.1\/III\/24","url":"\/54.1\/III\/24\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52479,"edition_id":2,"name":"Professions and Occupations Regulated by Boards Within the Department of Health Professions","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":3,"parent_id":52436,"metadata":{"child_laws":738,"child_structures":83},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:59:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:35:00","permalink":{"id":1468107,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52479,"identifier":"III","token":"54.1\/III","url":"\/54.1\/III\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52436,"edition_id":2,"name":"Professions and Occupations","identifier":"54.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":118,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1282,"child_structures":163},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:58:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:51","permalink":{"id":1466315,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52436,"identifier":"54.1","token":"54.1","url":"\/54.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":368175,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400","catch_line":"General powers and duties of health regulatory boards","url":"\/54.1-2400\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400","metadata":false},{"id":368161,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.01","catch_line":"Certain definition","url":"\/54.1-2400.01\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.01","metadata":false},{"id":368162,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.01:1","catch_line":"Surgery defined; who may perform surgery","url":"\/54.1-2400.01_1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.01_1","metadata":false},{"id":368163,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.01:2","catch_line":"Ophthalmic prescription defined; who may provide ophthalmic prescriptions","url":"\/54.1-2400.01_2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.01_2","metadata":false},{"id":368164,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.02","catch_line":"Information concerning health professionals; posting of addresses on the Internet; providing personal information under certain circumstances prohibited; collection of address information from health professionals","url":"\/54.1-2400.02\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.02","metadata":false},{"id":368165,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.03","catch_line":"Health regulatory boards to report information concerning health professionals to the Department of Health; Eligible Health Care Provider Reserve Directory","url":"\/54.1-2400.03\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.03","metadata":false},{"id":368166,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.1","catch_line":"Mental health service providers; duty to protect third parties; immunity","url":"\/54.1-2400.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.1","metadata":false},{"id":368167,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.2","catch_line":"Confidentiality of information obtained during an investigation or disciplinary proceeding; penalty","url":"\/54.1-2400.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.2","metadata":false},{"id":368168,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.3","catch_line":"Disciplinary actions to be reported","url":"\/54.1-2400.3\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.3","metadata":false},{"id":368169,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.4","catch_line":"Mental health service providers duty to inform; immunity; civil penalty","url":"\/54.1-2400.4\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.4","metadata":false},{"id":368170,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2400.5\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.5","metadata":false},{"id":368171,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.6","catch_line":"Hospitals, other health care institutions, home health and hospice organizations, and assisted living facilities required to report disciplinary actions against and certain disorders of health professionals; immunity from liability; failure to report","url":"\/54.1-2400.6\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.6","metadata":false},{"id":368172,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.7","catch_line":"Practitioners treating other practitioners for certain disorders to make reports; immunity from liability","url":"\/54.1-2400.7\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.7","metadata":false},{"id":368173,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.8","catch_line":"Immunity for reporting","url":"\/54.1-2400.8\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.8","metadata":false},{"id":368174,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2400.9","catch_line":"Reporting disabilities of drivers","url":"\/54.1-2400.9\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2400.9","metadata":false},{"id":368176,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2401","catch_line":"Monetary penalty","url":"\/54.1-2401\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2401","metadata":false},{"id":368178,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2402","catch_line":"Citizen members on health regulatory boards","url":"\/54.1-2402\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2402","metadata":false},{"id":368177,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2402.1","catch_line":"Appointments, removals, and limitation of terms of members of regulatory boards","url":"\/54.1-2402.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2402.1","metadata":false},{"id":368184,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403","catch_line":"Certain advertising prohibited","url":"\/54.1-2403\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403","metadata":false},{"id":368179,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403.01","catch_line":"Routine component of prenatal care","url":"\/54.1-2403.01\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403.01","metadata":false},{"id":368180,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403.02","catch_line":"Prenatal education; cord blood banking","url":"\/54.1-2403.02\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403.02","metadata":false},{"id":368181,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403.1","catch_line":"Protocol for certain medical history screening required","url":"\/54.1-2403.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403.1","metadata":false},{"id":368182,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403.2","catch_line":"Record storage","url":"\/54.1-2403.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403.2","metadata":false},{"id":368183,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2403.3","catch_line":"Medical records; ownership; provision of copies","url":"\/54.1-2403.3\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2403.3","metadata":false},{"id":368187,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2404","catch_line":"Itemized statements required upon request","url":"\/54.1-2404\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2404","metadata":false},{"id":368185,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2404.1","catch_line":"Patient records","url":"\/54.1-2404.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2404.1","metadata":false},{"id":368186,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2404.2","catch_line":"Health care providers; disclosure of records; actions for which an authorization is not required","url":"\/54.1-2404.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2404.2","metadata":false},{"id":368188,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2405","catch_line":"Transfer of patient records in conjunction with closure, sale, or relocation of practice; notice required","url":"\/54.1-2405\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2405","metadata":false},{"id":368189,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2406","catch_line":"Treatment records of practitioners","url":"\/54.1-2406\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2406","metadata":false},{"id":368190,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2407","catch_line":"Requirements for human research","url":"\/54.1-2407\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2407","metadata":false},{"id":368196,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408","catch_line":"Disqualification for license, certificate or registration","url":"\/54.1-2408\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408","metadata":false},{"id":368191,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408.01","catch_line":"Prior convictions not to abridge rights","url":"\/54.1-2408.01\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408.01","metadata":false},{"id":368192,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408.1","catch_line":"Summary action against licenses, certificates, registrations, or multistate licensure privilege; allegations to be in writing","url":"\/54.1-2408.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408.1","metadata":false},{"id":368193,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408.2","catch_line":"Minimum period for reinstatement after revocation","url":"\/54.1-2408.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408.2","metadata":false},{"id":368194,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408.3","catch_line":"Practice pending appeal","url":"\/54.1-2408.3\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408.3","metadata":false},{"id":368195,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2408.4","catch_line":"Temporary authorization to practice","url":"\/54.1-2408.4\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2408.4","metadata":false},{"id":368204,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409","catch_line":"Mandatory suspension or revocation; reinstatement; hearing for reinstatement","url":"\/54.1-2409\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409","metadata":false},{"id":368197,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.1","catch_line":"Criminal penalties for practicing certain professions and occupations without appropriate licensure, certificate, etc","url":"\/54.1-2409.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.1","metadata":false},{"id":368198,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.1:1","catch_line":"Interjurisdictional compacts; criminal history record checks","url":"\/54.1-2409.1_1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.1_1","metadata":false},{"id":368199,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2409.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.2","metadata":false},{"id":368200,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.3","catch_line":"Participation of advisory boards in disciplinary proceedings","url":"\/54.1-2409.3\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.3","metadata":false},{"id":368201,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.4","catch_line":"Authority to receive laboratory results directly","url":"\/54.1-2409.4\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.4","metadata":false},{"id":368202,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.5","catch_line":"Conversion therapy prohibited","url":"\/54.1-2409.5\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.5","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":368203,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.6","catch_line":"Recommendation for Continuing education for certain licensees","url":"\/54.1-2409.6\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.6","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":368200,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.3","catch_line":"Participation of advisory boards in disciplinary proceedings","url":"\/54.1-2409.3\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.3","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":368202,"structure_id":52480,"section_number":"54.1-2409.5","catch_line":"Conversion therapy prohibited","url":"\/54.1-2409.5\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.5","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/54.1-2409.4\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2007. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?071+ful+CHAP0887\">887<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?071+ful+CHAP0930\">930<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2011, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?111+ful+CHAP0807\">807<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?111+ful+CHAP0849\">849<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1468275,"object_type":"law","relational_id":368201,"identifier":"54.1-2409.4","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.4","url":"\/54.1-2409.4\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/54.1-2409.4\/","token":"54.1\/III\/24\/54.1-2409.4","dublin_core":{"Title":"Authority to receive laboratory results directly","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 54.1-2409.4","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Any health care practitioner licensed under this title who, within the scope of his practice, <span class=\"dictionary\">orders<\/span> a laboratory test or other examination of the physical condition of any person shall, if so requested by the patient or his legal guardian, provide a copy of the report of the results to the patient or his legal guardian, unless, in the professional <span class=\"dictionary\">opinion<\/span> of the health care practitioner, there is a medical reason not to do so. <a id=\"paragraph-1370672\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/54.1-2409.4\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> The health care practitioner, at his sole discretion, may authorize the laboratory to provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the patient or his legal guardian. The patient or his legal guardian shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments. <a id=\"paragraph-1370673\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/54.1-2409.4\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> With the prior authorization of the patient, a laboratory may, contemporaneously with, or subsequent to, furnishing the report to the ordering health care practitioner, provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan that provides health insurance or similar coverage to the patient. The insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan shall then be considered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the federal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments. <a id=\"paragraph-1370674\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/54.1-2409.4\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nAUTHORITY TO RECEIVE LABORATORY RESULTS DIRECTLY (\u00a7 54.1-2409.4)\n\nA. Any health care practitioner licensed under this title who, within the scope\nof his practice, orders a laboratory test or other examination of the physical\ncondition of any person shall, if so requested by the patient or his legal\nguardian, provide a copy of the report of the results to the patient or his\nlegal guardian, unless, in the professional opinion of the health care\npractitioner, there is a medical reason not to do so.\n\nB. The health care practitioner, at his sole discretion, may authorize the\nlaboratory to provide a copy of the report of the results directly to the\npatient or his legal guardian. The patient or his legal guardian shall then be\nconsidered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the\nfederal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.\n\nC. With the prior authorization of the patient, a laboratory may,\ncontemporaneously with, or subsequent to, furnishing the report to the ordering\nhealth care practitioner, provide a copy of the report of the results directly\nto the insurance carrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan\nthat provides health insurance or similar coverage to the patient. The insurance\ncarrier, health maintenance organization, or self-insured plan shall then be\nconsidered authorized to receive the report or result for the purposes of the\nfederal Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments.\n\nHISTORY: 2007, cc. 887, 930; 2011, cc. 807, 849.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}