{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/5.1-21.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/5.1-21.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/5.1-21.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/5.1-21.html"}],"law_id":366618,"edition_id":2,"section_id":366618,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-21","catch_line":"Powers of conservator of the peace conferred upon pilot","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 5-14.2; 1958, c. 561, \u00a7 2; 1966, c. 576.","full_text":"The pilot of any aircraft carrying passengers for hire while actively engaged in the operation of such aircraft shall be a special policeman and have all the powers of a conservator of the peace in the enforcement of order on such aircraft and while in pursuit of persons for disorder upon such aircraft and until such persons as may be arrested by him shall have been placed in confinement or delivered to the custody of some other conservator of the peace or police officer.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1364982,"text":"The pilot of any aircraft carrying passengers for hire while actively engaged in the operation of such aircraft shall be a special policeman and have all the powers of a conservator of the peace in the enforcement of order on such aircraft and while in pursuit of persons for disorder upon such aircraft and until such persons as may be arrested by him shall have been placed in confinement or delivered to the custody of some other conservator of the peace or police officer.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52232,"edition_id":2,"name":"Illegal Operation, Etc.; Procedure; Penalties","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":2,"parent_id":52222,"metadata":{"child_laws":14,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:20","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:50","permalink":{"id":1460547,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52232,"identifier":"2","token":"5.1\/1\/2","url":"\/5.1\/1\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52222,"edition_id":2,"name":"Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":52221,"metadata":{"child_laws":78,"child_structures":3},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:49","permalink":{"id":1460303,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52222,"identifier":"1","token":"5.1\/1","url":"\/5.1\/1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52221,"edition_id":2,"name":"Aviation","identifier":"5.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":9,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":218,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:49","permalink":{"id":1460301,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52221,"identifier":"5.1","token":"5.1","url":"\/5.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":366530,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-13","catch_line":"Operation of aircraft while under influence of intoxicating liquors or drugs; reckless operation","url":"\/5.1-13\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-13","metadata":false},{"id":366541,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-14","catch_line":"Operation of unregistered aircraft","url":"\/5.1-14\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-14","metadata":false},{"id":366552,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-15","catch_line":"Operation of aircraft by unlicensed persons","url":"\/5.1-15\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-15","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Surface, Adm'x v. Johnson, Adm'x","case_number":"Record 740507","citation":"215 Va. 777","date":"1975-04-28","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1227775\/surface-admx-v-johnson-admx\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Harman, J., .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Haley v. Virginia State Bar","case_number":"220113","citation":null,"date":"2022-08-11","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7855894\/haley-v-virginia-state-bar\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: Goodwyn, C.J., Powell, Kelsey, McCullough, and Chafin, JJ., and Lemons and .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"2":{"name":"Haley v. Virginia State Bar","case_number":"220113","citation":null,"date":"2022-08-11","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7857723\/haley-v-virginia-state-bar\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: Goodwyn, C.J., Powell, Kelsey, McCullough, and Chafin, JJ., and Lemons and .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"3":{"name":"Gadsby v. Grasmick","case_number":"No. 96-1292","citation":"109 F.3d 940","date":"1997-03-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7042213\/gadsby-v-grasmick\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Vacated and remanded by published opinion. Judge HAMILTON wrote the opinion, in which Judge WILLIAMS .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":"Gadsby v. Grasmick","case_number":"96-1292","citation":"109 F.3d 940","date":"1997-03-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/738514\/gadsby-v-grasmick\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 109 F.3d 940 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":"Green v. STATE BAR EX REL. SEVENTH DIST.","case_number":"Record 070515.; Record 070731.","citation":"652 S.E.2d 118","date":"2007-11-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058577\/green-v-state-bar-ex-rel-seventh-dist\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 652 S.E.2d 118 (2007) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"6":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. A.B., a Minor, by His Parent and Next Friend, D.B. D.B. v. .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"03-1046","citation":"354 F.3d 315","date":"2004-01-06","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/784649\/ab-a-minor-by-his-parent-and-next-friend-db-db-v-kenneth-p\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 354 F.3d 315 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":"A.B. Ex Rel. D.B. v. Lawson","case_number":"03-1046","citation":"354 F.3d 315","date":"2004-01-06","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2967876\/ab-ex-rel-db-v-lawson\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Reversed and remanded by published opinion. Judge GREGORY wrote the opinion, in which Judge .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"8":{"name":"Catawba Indian Tribe of South Carolina v. State of S.C.","case_number":"90-2446","citation":"978 F.2d 1334","date":"1992-09-22","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/594399\/catawba-indian-tribe-of-south-carolina-v-state-of-sc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 978 F.2d 1334 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":366564,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-16","catch_line":"Tampering with, etc., airplanes or markings of airports, landing fields or other aeronautical facilities","url":"\/5.1-16\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-16","metadata":false},{"id":366563,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-16.1","catch_line":"Misuse of licensed airports","url":"\/5.1-16.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-16.1","metadata":false},{"id":366575,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-17","catch_line":"Use of aircraft for hunting","url":"\/5.1-17\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-17","metadata":false},{"id":366585,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-18","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-18\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-18","metadata":false},{"id":366616,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-20","catch_line":"Pilot may restrain or arrest person interfering with operation of aircraft carrying passengers for hire","url":"\/5.1-20\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-20","metadata":false},{"id":366618,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-21","catch_line":"Powers of conservator of the peace conferred upon pilot","url":"\/5.1-21\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-21","metadata":false},{"id":366617,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-21.1","catch_line":"Powers of conservators of the peace conferred upon airport managers or designees","url":"\/5.1-21.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-21.1","metadata":false},{"id":366619,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-22","catch_line":"Interference with operation of aircraft; penalties; venue","url":"\/5.1-22\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-22","metadata":false},{"id":366620,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-23","catch_line":"Jurisdiction of local and State Police","url":"\/5.1-23\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-23","metadata":false},{"id":366621,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-24","catch_line":"Penalties","url":"\/5.1-24\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-24","metadata":false},{"id":366626,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-25","catch_line":"Operation of aircraft by nonresident","url":"\/5.1-25\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-25","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":366616,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-20","catch_line":"Pilot may restrain or arrest person interfering with operation of aircraft carrying passengers for hire","url":"\/5.1-20\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-20","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":366617,"structure_id":52232,"section_number":"5.1-21.1","catch_line":"Powers of conservators of the peace conferred upon airport managers or designees","url":"\/5.1-21.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-21.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/5.1-21\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1958, chapter 561; in 1966, chapter 576.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1460581,"object_type":"law","relational_id":366618,"identifier":"5.1-21","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-21","url":"\/5.1-21\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/5.1-21\/","token":"5.1\/1\/2\/5.1-21","dublin_core":{"Title":"Powers of conservator of the peace conferred upon pilot","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 5.1-21","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The pilot of any <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> carrying passengers for hire while actively engaged in the operation of such <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> shall be a special policeman and have all the powers of a conservator of the peace in the enforcement of <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> on such <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> and while in pursuit of <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span> for disorder upon such <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> and until such <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span> as may be arrested by him shall have been placed in confinement or delivered to the <span class=\"dictionary\">custody<\/span> of some other conservator of the peace or police officer.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPOWERS OF CONSERVATOR OF THE PEACE CONFERRED UPON PILOT (\u00a7 5.1-21)\n\nThe pilot of any aircraft carrying passengers for hire while actively engaged in\nthe operation of such aircraft shall be a special policeman and have all the\npowers of a conservator of the peace in the enforcement of order on such\naircraft and while in pursuit of persons for disorder upon such aircraft and\nuntil such persons as may be arrested by him shall have been placed in\nconfinement or delivered to the custody of some other conservator of the peace\nor police officer.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 5-14.2; 1958, c. 561, \u00a7 2; 1966, c. 576.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}