{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/5.1-123.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/5.1-123.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/5.1-123.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/5.1-123.html"}],"law_id":366523,"edition_id":2,"section_id":366523,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-123","catch_line":"Through routes, joint rates, etc., not required may be established","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 56-178; 1970, c. 708.","full_text":"Common carriers or restricted common carriers of property by aircraft may establish reasonable routes and joint rates, charges, and classifications with other such carriers or with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, express and\/or water; and common carriers or restricted common carriers of passengers by aircraft may establish reasonable through routes and joint rates, fares, or charges with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, and\/or water. In case of such joint rates, fares or charges it shall be the duty of the carriers parties thereto to establish just and reasonable regulations and practices in connection therewith, and just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1364776,"text":"Common carriers or restricted common carriers of property by aircraft may establish reasonable routes and joint rates, charges, and classifications with other such carriers or with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, express and\/or water; and common carriers or restricted common carriers of passengers by aircraft may establish reasonable through routes and joint rates, fares, or charges with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, and\/or water. In case of such joint rates, fares or charges it shall be the duty of the carriers parties thereto to establish just and reasonable regulations and practices in connection therewith, and just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52231,"edition_id":2,"name":"Through Routes, Service, Rates, Etc","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":8,"parent_id":52224,"metadata":{"child_laws":19,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:19","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:53","permalink":{"id":1461103,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52231,"identifier":"8","token":"5.1\/9\/8","url":"\/5.1\/9\/8\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52224,"edition_id":2,"name":"Air Carriers","identifier":"9","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":12,"parent_id":52221,"metadata":{"child_laws":61,"child_structures":9},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:17","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:52","permalink":{"id":1460967,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52224,"identifier":"9","token":"5.1\/9","url":"\/5.1\/9\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52221,"edition_id":2,"name":"Aviation","identifier":"5.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":9,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":218,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:49","permalink":{"id":1460301,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52221,"identifier":"5.1","token":"5.1","url":"\/5.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":366521,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-121","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of passengers as to through routes, equipment, rates, regulations, etc","url":"\/5.1-121\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-121","metadata":false},{"id":366522,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-122","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of property as to service, rates and regulations","url":"\/5.1-122\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-122","metadata":false},{"id":366523,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-123","catch_line":"Through routes, joint rates, etc., not required may be established","url":"\/5.1-123\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-123","metadata":false},{"id":366524,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-124","catch_line":"Undue preference not permitted","url":"\/5.1-124\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-124","metadata":false},{"id":366525,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-125","catch_line":"Complaints; action of Commission thereon or on own initiative","url":"\/5.1-125\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-125","metadata":false},{"id":366526,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-126","catch_line":"Establishment of through routes, etc., by Commission","url":"\/5.1-126\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-126","metadata":false},{"id":366527,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-127","catch_line":"Prescribing divisions of joint rates","url":"\/5.1-127\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-127","metadata":false},{"id":366528,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-128","catch_line":"New rate schedule; hearing; suspension; action thereon","url":"\/5.1-128\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-128","metadata":false},{"id":366529,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-129","catch_line":"Goodwill, certificate, etc., not element of value in rate making","url":"\/5.1-129\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-129","metadata":false},{"id":366531,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-130","catch_line":"Criteria for establishment of rates","url":"\/5.1-130\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-130","metadata":false},{"id":366532,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-131","catch_line":"Other remedies not extinguished","url":"\/5.1-131\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-131","metadata":false},{"id":366533,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-132","catch_line":"Tariffs showing rates, fares and charges, etc","url":"\/5.1-132\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-132","metadata":false},{"id":366534,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-133","catch_line":"Unlawful to charge other than published tariff","url":"\/5.1-133\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-133","metadata":false},{"id":366535,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-134","catch_line":"Changes in tariffs, etc","url":"\/5.1-134\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-134","metadata":false},{"id":366536,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-135","catch_line":"No transportation except when rates have been filed and published","url":"\/5.1-135\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-135","metadata":false},{"id":366537,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-136","catch_line":"Free passes or reduced rates","url":"\/5.1-136\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-136","metadata":false},{"id":366538,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-137","catch_line":"Payment of rates and charges before delivery of freight","url":"\/5.1-137\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-137","metadata":false},{"id":366539,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-138","catch_line":"Liability for additional charges","url":"\/5.1-138\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-138","metadata":false},{"id":366540,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-139","catch_line":"Commission may enter judgment for refunds due public and collect and distribute same","url":"\/5.1-139\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-139","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":366522,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-122","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of property as to service, rates and regulations","url":"\/5.1-122\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-122","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":366524,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-124","catch_line":"Undue preference not permitted","url":"\/5.1-124\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-124","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/5.1-123\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1970, chapter 708.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1461113,"object_type":"law","relational_id":366523,"identifier":"5.1-123","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-123","url":"\/5.1-123\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/5.1-123\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-123","dublin_core":{"Title":"Through routes, joint rates, etc., not required may be established","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 5.1-123","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Common carriers or restricted common carriers of property by <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> may establish reasonable routes and joint rates, charges, and classifications with other such carriers or with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, express and\/or water; and common carriers or restricted common carriers of passengers by <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> may establish reasonable through routes and joint rates, fares, or charges with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, and\/or water. In case of such joint rates, fares or charges it shall be the duty of the carriers parties thereto to establish just and reasonable regulations and practices in connection therewith, and just, reasonable and <span class=\"dictionary\">equitable<\/span> divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nTHROUGH ROUTES, JOINT RATES, ETC., NOT REQUIRED MAY BE ESTABLISHED (\u00a7 5.1-123)\n\nCommon carriers or restricted common carriers of property by aircraft may\nestablish reasonable routes and joint rates, charges, and classifications with\nother such carriers or with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, express\nand\/or water; and common carriers or restricted common carriers of passengers by\naircraft may establish reasonable through routes and joint rates, fares, or\ncharges with common carriers by railroad, motor vehicle, and\/or water. In case\nof such joint rates, fares or charges it shall be the duty of the carriers\nparties thereto to establish just and reasonable regulations and practices in\nconnection therewith, and just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as\nbetween the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or\nprejudice any of such participating carriers.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 56-178; 1970, c. 708.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}