{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/5.1-121.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/5.1-121.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/5.1-121.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/5.1-121.html"}],"law_id":366521,"edition_id":2,"section_id":366521,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-121","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of passengers as to through routes, equipment, rates, regulations, etc","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 56-176; 1970, c. 708.","full_text":"Every common carrier or restricted common carrier of passengers by aircraft shall establish reasonable through routes with other such common carriers and provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities for the transportation of passengers; shall establish, observe, and enforce just and reasonable individual and joint rates, fares and charges and just and reasonable regulations and practices relating thereto, and to the issuance, form, and substance of tickets, the carrying of personal, sample, and excess baggage, the facilities for transportation, and all other matters relating to or connected with the transportation of passengers; and in case of such joint rates, fares, and charges shall establish just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1364774,"text":"Every common carrier or restricted common carrier of passengers by aircraft shall establish reasonable through routes with other such common carriers and provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities for the transportation of passengers; shall establish, observe, and enforce just and reasonable individual and joint rates, fares and charges and just and reasonable regulations and practices relating thereto, and to the issuance, form, and substance of tickets, the carrying of personal, sample, and excess baggage, the facilities for transportation, and all other matters relating to or connected with the transportation of passengers; and in case of such joint rates, fares, and charges shall establish just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52231,"edition_id":2,"name":"Through Routes, Service, Rates, Etc","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":8,"parent_id":52224,"metadata":{"child_laws":19,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:19","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:53","permalink":{"id":1461103,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52231,"identifier":"8","token":"5.1\/9\/8","url":"\/5.1\/9\/8\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52224,"edition_id":2,"name":"Air Carriers","identifier":"9","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":12,"parent_id":52221,"metadata":{"child_laws":61,"child_structures":9},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:17","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:52","permalink":{"id":1460967,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52224,"identifier":"9","token":"5.1\/9","url":"\/5.1\/9\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52221,"edition_id":2,"name":"Aviation","identifier":"5.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":9,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":218,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:49","permalink":{"id":1460301,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52221,"identifier":"5.1","token":"5.1","url":"\/5.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":366521,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-121","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of passengers as to through routes, equipment, rates, regulations, etc","url":"\/5.1-121\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-121","metadata":false},{"id":366522,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-122","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of property as to service, rates and regulations","url":"\/5.1-122\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-122","metadata":false},{"id":366523,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-123","catch_line":"Through routes, joint rates, etc., not required may be established","url":"\/5.1-123\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-123","metadata":false},{"id":366524,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-124","catch_line":"Undue preference not permitted","url":"\/5.1-124\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-124","metadata":false},{"id":366525,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-125","catch_line":"Complaints; action of Commission thereon or on own initiative","url":"\/5.1-125\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-125","metadata":false},{"id":366526,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-126","catch_line":"Establishment of through routes, etc., by Commission","url":"\/5.1-126\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-126","metadata":false},{"id":366527,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-127","catch_line":"Prescribing divisions of joint rates","url":"\/5.1-127\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-127","metadata":false},{"id":366528,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-128","catch_line":"New rate schedule; hearing; suspension; action thereon","url":"\/5.1-128\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-128","metadata":false},{"id":366529,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-129","catch_line":"Goodwill, certificate, etc., not element of value in rate making","url":"\/5.1-129\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-129","metadata":false},{"id":366531,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-130","catch_line":"Criteria for establishment of rates","url":"\/5.1-130\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-130","metadata":false},{"id":366532,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-131","catch_line":"Other remedies not extinguished","url":"\/5.1-131\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-131","metadata":false},{"id":366533,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-132","catch_line":"Tariffs showing rates, fares and charges, etc","url":"\/5.1-132\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-132","metadata":false},{"id":366534,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-133","catch_line":"Unlawful to charge other than published tariff","url":"\/5.1-133\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-133","metadata":false},{"id":366535,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-134","catch_line":"Changes in tariffs, etc","url":"\/5.1-134\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-134","metadata":false},{"id":366536,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-135","catch_line":"No transportation except when rates have been filed and published","url":"\/5.1-135\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-135","metadata":false},{"id":366537,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-136","catch_line":"Free passes or reduced rates","url":"\/5.1-136\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-136","metadata":false},{"id":366538,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-137","catch_line":"Payment of rates and charges before delivery of freight","url":"\/5.1-137\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-137","metadata":false},{"id":366539,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-138","catch_line":"Liability for additional charges","url":"\/5.1-138\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-138","metadata":false},{"id":366540,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-139","catch_line":"Commission may enter judgment for refunds due public and collect and distribute same","url":"\/5.1-139\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-139","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":366522,"structure_id":52231,"section_number":"5.1-122","catch_line":"Duties of carriers of property as to service, rates and regulations","url":"\/5.1-122\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-122","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/5.1-121\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1970, chapter 708.<\/p>","references":[{"id":366525,"section_number":"5.1-125","catch_line":"Complaints; action of Commission thereon or on own initiative","order_by":null,"url":"\/5.1-125\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1461105,"object_type":"law","relational_id":366521,"identifier":"5.1-121","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-121","url":"\/5.1-121\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/5.1-121\/","token":"5.1\/9\/8\/5.1-121","dublin_core":{"Title":"Duties of carriers of passengers as to through routes, equipment, rates, regulations, etc","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 5.1-121","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Every common carrier or restricted common carrier of passengers by <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span> shall establish reasonable through routes with other such common carriers and provide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities for the transportation of passengers; shall establish, observe, and enforce just and reasonable individual and joint rates, fares and charges and just and reasonable regulations and practices relating thereto, and to the issuance, form, and substance of tickets, the carrying of personal, sample, and excess baggage, the facilities for transportation, and all other matters relating to or connected with the transportation of passengers; and in case of such joint rates, fares, and charges shall establish just, reasonable and <span class=\"dictionary\">equitable<\/span> divisions thereof as between the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or prejudice any of such participating carriers.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDUTIES OF CARRIERS OF PASSENGERS AS TO THROUGH ROUTES, EQUIPMENT, RATES,\nREGULATIONS, ETC (\u00a7 5.1-121)\n\nEvery common carrier or restricted common carrier of passengers by aircraft\nshall establish reasonable through routes with other such common carriers and\nprovide safe and adequate service, equipment, and facilities for the\ntransportation of passengers; shall establish, observe, and enforce just and\nreasonable individual and joint rates, fares and charges and just and reasonable\nregulations and practices relating thereto, and to the issuance, form, and\nsubstance of tickets, the carrying of personal, sample, and excess baggage, the\nfacilities for transportation, and all other matters relating to or connected\nwith the transportation of passengers; and in case of such joint rates, fares,\nand charges shall establish just, reasonable and equitable divisions thereof as\nbetween the carriers participating therein which shall not unduly prefer or\nprejudice any of such participating carriers.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 56-176; 1970, c. 708.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}