{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/48-2.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/48-2.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/48-2.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/48-2.html"}],"law_id":366454,"edition_id":2,"section_id":366454,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-2","catch_line":"Presentment against person causing nuisance","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 1520.","full_text":"If upon a full investigation of the complaint mentioned in \u00a7 48-1 the grand jury is satisfied that the nuisance complained of is of a public nature, it shall proceed to make presentment against such person or persons as they may find have created or caused such nuisance.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1364672,"text":"If upon a full investigation of the complaint mentioned in \u00a7 48-1 the grand jury is satisfied that the nuisance complained of is of a public nature, it shall proceed to make presentment against such person or persons as they may find have created or caused such nuisance.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52215,"edition_id":2,"name":"Abating Public Nuisances Generally","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":52214,"metadata":{"child_laws":6,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:11","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:27","permalink":{"id":1460097,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52215,"identifier":"1","token":"48\/1","url":"\/48\/1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52214,"edition_id":2,"name":"Nuisances","identifier":"48","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":104,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":18,"child_structures":2},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:11","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:27","permalink":{"id":1460095,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52214,"identifier":"48","token":"48","url":"\/48\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":366444,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-1","catch_line":"Investigation of complaint by special grand jury","url":"\/48-1\/","token":"48\/1\/48-1","metadata":false},{"id":366454,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-2","catch_line":"Presentment against person causing nuisance","url":"\/48-2\/","token":"48\/1\/48-2","metadata":false},{"id":366455,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-3","catch_line":"Permitting continuation of nuisance; presentment against premises","url":"\/48-3\/","token":"48\/1\/48-3","metadata":false},{"id":366456,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-4","catch_line":"Service of copy of presentment; defense by person interested","url":"\/48-4\/","token":"48\/1\/48-4","metadata":false},{"id":366457,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-5","catch_line":"Fines and costs; judgment of abatement","url":"\/48-5\/","token":"48\/1\/48-5","metadata":false},{"id":366458,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-6","catch_line":"Enforcement of judgment in rem","url":"\/48-6\/","token":"48\/1\/48-6","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Harris v. Com.","case_number":"090655","citation":"688 S.E.2d 279","date":"2010-01-15","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058256\/harris-v-com\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 688 S.E.2d 279 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Rodney Massie v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"0282214","citation":null,"date":"2022-02-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/6347249\/rodney-massie-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"2":{"name":"Cilwa v. Commonwealth","case_number":"180885","citation":null,"date":"2019-12-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4686271\/cilwa-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: Lemons, C.J., Goodwyn, Mims, Powell, Kelsey, and Chafin, JJ., and Millette, S.J. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"3":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Unsecured Creditors' Committee 82-00261c-11a v. Walter E. .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"84-1626","citation":"768 F.2d 580","date":"1985-07-22","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/455950\/unsecured-creditors-committee-82-00261c-11a-v-walter-e-heller-company\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. WIDENER, Circuit Judge, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Virginia Manufacturers Association v. Ralph S. Northam, .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"0316212","citation":null,"date":"2021-12-07","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/5303844\/virginia-manufacturers-association-v-ralph-s-northam-governor-of\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"5":{"name":"Manchanda v. Hays Worldwide, LLC","case_number":"No. 1:14cv1339 (JCC\/TCB)","citation":"142 F. Supp. 3d 465","date":"2015-10-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7316598\/manchanda-v-hays-worldwide-llc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. ORDER .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"6":{"name":"J. DeMasters v. Carilion Clinic","case_number":"13-2278","citation":"796 F.3d 409","date":"2015-08-10","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2826414\/j-demasters-v-carilion-clinic\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Reversed and remanded by published opinion. Judge KRAUSE wrote the opinion, in which Judge AMBRO .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":"Briggs v. Waters","case_number":"2:06CV154","citation":"455 F. Supp. 2d 508","date":"2006-10-03","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2427379\/briggs-v-waters\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 455 F.Supp.2d 508 (2006) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"8":{"name":"Brown v. Nucor Corp.","case_number":"08-1247","citation":"576 F.3d 149","date":"2009-08-07","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1188724\/brown-v-nucor-corp\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. AGEE, Circuit Judge, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"9":{"name":"United States v. Bell","case_number":"10-4644, 10-4651","citation":"667 F.3d 431","date":"2011-12-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/619473\/united-states-v-bell\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Vacated and remanded by published opinion. Judge DAVIS wrote the opinion, in which Judge FLOYD and .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}}],"previous_section":{"id":366444,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-1","catch_line":"Investigation of complaint by special grand jury","url":"\/48-1\/","token":"48\/1\/48-1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":366455,"structure_id":52215,"section_number":"48-3","catch_line":"Permitting continuation of nuisance; presentment against premises","url":"\/48-3\/","token":"48\/1\/48-3","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/48-2\/","history_text":false,"references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":366444,"section_number":"48-1","catch_line":"Investigation of complaint by special grand jury","order_by":null,"url":"\/48-1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1460103,"object_type":"law","relational_id":366454,"identifier":"48-2","token":"48\/1\/48-2","url":"\/48-2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/48-2\/","token":"48\/1\/48-2","dublin_core":{"Title":"Presentment against person causing nuisance","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 48-2","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If upon a full investigation of the complaint mentioned in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Investigation of complaint by special grand jury\" href=\"\/48-1\/\">48-1<\/a> the <span class=\"dictionary\">grand jury<\/span> is satisfied that the nuisance complained of is of a public nature, it shall proceed to make <span class=\"dictionary\">presentment<\/span> against such person or persons as they may find have created or caused such nuisance.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPRESENTMENT AGAINST PERSON CAUSING NUISANCE (\u00a7 48-2)\n\nIf upon a full investigation of the complaint mentioned in \u00a7 48-1 the grand\njury is satisfied that the nuisance complained of is of a public nature, it\nshall proceed to make presentment against such person or persons as they may\nfind have created or caused such nuisance.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 1520.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}