{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/48-12.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/48-12.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/48-12.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/48-12.html"}],"law_id":366447,"edition_id":2,"section_id":366447,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-12","catch_line":"Order of abatement of nuisance; sale of furniture, etc.; closing of building","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 1525.","full_text":"If the existence of the nuisance be established in such suit in equity, or in a criminal proceeding, an order of abatement shall be entered as a part of the judgment in the case, which order shall direct the removal from the building or place of all fixtures, furniture, musical instruments, or movable property used in conducting the nuisance, and shall direct the sale thereof in the manner provided for the sale of chattels under execution, and shall decree the effectual closing of the building or place against its use for any purpose, and so keeping it closed for a period of one year, unless sooner released. If any person shall break and enter or use a building, erection, or place so directed to be closed he shall be punished as for contempt, as provided in \u00a7 48-11.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1364662,"text":"If the existence of the nuisance be established in such suit in equity, or in a criminal proceeding, an order of abatement shall be entered as a part of the judgment in the case, which order shall direct the removal from the building or place of all fixtures, furniture, musical instruments, or movable property used in conducting the nuisance, and shall direct the sale thereof in the manner provided for the sale of chattels under execution, and shall decree the effectual closing of the building or place against its use for any purpose, and so keeping it closed for a period of one year, unless sooner released. If any person shall break and enter or use a building, erection, or place so directed to be closed he shall be punished as for contempt, as provided in \u00a7 48-11.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52216,"edition_id":2,"name":"Houses of Prostitution, Etc.","identifier":"2","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":52214,"metadata":{"child_laws":12,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:11","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:27","permalink":{"id":1460123,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52216,"identifier":"2","token":"48\/2","url":"\/48\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52214,"edition_id":2,"name":"Nuisances","identifier":"48","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":104,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":18,"child_structures":2},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:56:11","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:27","permalink":{"id":1460095,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52214,"identifier":"48","token":"48","url":"\/48\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":366445,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-10","catch_line":"Contempt proceedings","url":"\/48-10\/","token":"48\/2\/48-10","metadata":false},{"id":366446,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-11","catch_line":"Punishment for contempt","url":"\/48-11\/","token":"48\/2\/48-11","metadata":false},{"id":366447,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-12","catch_line":"Order of abatement of nuisance; sale of furniture, etc.; closing of building","url":"\/48-12\/","token":"48\/2\/48-12","metadata":false},{"id":366448,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-13","catch_line":"Disposition of proceeds of sale","url":"\/48-13\/","token":"48\/2\/48-13","metadata":false},{"id":366449,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-14","catch_line":"When property to be delivered to owner on giving bond","url":"\/48-14\/","token":"48\/2\/48-14","metadata":false},{"id":366450,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-15","catch_line":"Immunity to witnesses","url":"\/48-15\/","token":"48\/2\/48-15","metadata":false},{"id":366451,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-16","catch_line":"Closure of nuisance involving illegal drug transactions","url":"\/48-16\/","token":"48\/2\/48-16","metadata":false},{"id":366453,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-17","catch_line":"Enjoining nuisances involving illegal drug transactions","url":"\/48-17\/","token":"48\/2\/48-17","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Leona Brewer, as Personal Representative of the Estate of .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"03-1531","citation":"363 F.3d 333","date":"2004-03-24","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/785671\/leona-brewer-as-personal-representative-of-the-estate-of-edward-rose\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 363 F.3d 333 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":"Dole v. Shenandoah Baptist Church","case_number":"Nos. 89-2341, 89-2369","citation":"899 F.2d 1389","date":"1990-03-30","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8986733\/dole-v-shenandoah-baptist-church\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. SPROUSE, Circuit Judge: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"Arcadia Mills v. Bankers' Trust Co.","case_number":"No. 3514","citation":"68 F.2d 323","date":"1934-01-04","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/6960228\/arcadia-mills-v-bankers-trust-co\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. NORTHCOTT, Circuit Judge. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"3":{"name":"National Council for Adoption v. Jewell","case_number":"Case No. 1:15-cv-00675-GBL","citation":"156 F. Supp. 3d 727","date":"2015-10-20","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7317844\/national-council-for-adoption-v-jewell\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"4":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. In Re: Robert v. Matthews, United States of America, and .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"04-1113","citation":"395 F.3d 477","date":"2005-01-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/788962\/in-re-robert-v-matthews-united-states-of-america-and-state-of-north\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 395 F.3d 477 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":"Crawford v. Commonwealth","case_number":"1194072","citation":"686 S.E.2d 557","date":"2009-12-29","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1062279\/crawford-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. *462UPON REHEARING EN BANC .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"6":{"name":"LaVay Corp. v. Dominion Federal Savings & Loan Ass'n","case_number":"Nos. 86-1699(L), 86-1703 and 86-1705","citation":"830 F.2d 522","date":"1987-10-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8963458\/lavay-corp-v-dominion-federal-savings-loan-assn\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. HARRISON L. WINTER, Chief Judge: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. The Lavay Corporation Gerard M. Lavay v. Dominion Federal .\u202f.\u202f. 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","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":"United States v. Rudisill","case_number":"No. 10-6181","citation":"380 F. App'x 309","date":"2010-05-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8507492\/united-states-v-rudisill\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by unpublished PER CURIAM opinion. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"Rebecca Jones Richard v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"1722193","citation":null,"date":"2020-12-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4836672\/rebecca-jones-richard-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"3":{"name":"Commonwealth v. Croatan Books, Inc.","case_number":"Record 831798","citation":"323 S.E.2d 86","date":"1984-11-30","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1298096\/commonwealth-v-croatan-books-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 323 S.E.2d 86 (1984) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"4":{"name":"Town of Nags Head v. Matthew Toloczko","case_number":"12-1537","citation":"728 F.3d 391","date":"2013-08-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1038495\/town-of-nags-head-v-matthew-toloczko\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Reversed and remanded by published opinion. Judge DI\u00c1Z wrote the opinion, in which Judge SHEDD and .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":"National Council for Adoption v. Jewell","case_number":"Case No. 1:15-cv-00675-GBL","citation":"156 F. 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Runnells","case_number":"CRIM.2:88 CR 53-01, CRIM.2:88 CR 53-02","citation":"335 F. Supp. 2d 724","date":"2004-09-16","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2519794\/united-states-v-runnells\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 335 F.Supp.2d 724 (2004) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"4":{"name":"Kitbar Enters., LLC v. Liberty Ins. Underwriters, Inc.","case_number":"Case No. 1:17\u2013cv\u20131128","citation":"291 F. Supp. 3d 758","date":"2018-02-22","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7328539\/kitbar-enters-llc-v-liberty-ins-underwriters-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. T.S. Ellis, III, United States District Judge .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"5":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. United States v. Darlene Turner, United States of America v. .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"95-5594, 95-5595","citation":"102 F.3d 1350","date":"1996-12-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/731307\/united-states-v-darlene-turner-united-states-of-america-v-dennis-turner\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"6":{"name":"United States v. Turner","case_number":"95-5594","citation":null,"date":"1996-12-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2966570\/united-states-v-turner\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. St. Paul Fire & Marine Insurance v. Wittman Mechanical .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"Civil Action 1:04cv1303","citation":"444 F. 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WINTER, Chief Judge: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":366461,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-9","catch_line":"When case to be tried; dismissal; substitution of complainant; costs","url":"\/48-9\/","token":"48\/2\/48-9","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"United States v. Turner","case_number":"95-5594","citation":null,"date":"1996-12-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2966570\/united-states-v-turner\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. United States v. Darlene Turner, United States of America v. .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"95-5594, 95-5595","citation":"102 F.3d 1350","date":"1996-12-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/731307\/united-states-v-darlene-turner-united-states-of-america-v-dennis-turner\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"United States v. Sean Brehm","case_number":"11-4755","citation":"691 F.3d 547","date":"2012-08-10","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2968825\/united-states-v-sean-brehm\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. *549 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"3":{"name":"United States v. Pebworth","case_number":"95-5840","citation":null,"date":"1997-04-29","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2966645\/united-states-v-pebworth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Floyd Sowards, Jr. v. Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company, a .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"77-2055","citation":"580 F.2d 713","date":"1978-08-03","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/358274\/floyd-sowards-jr-v-chesapeake-and-ohio-railway-company-a-corporation\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PER CURIAM: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":"Hyatt v. Shalala","case_number":"89-2718","citation":"6 F.3d 250","date":"1993-10-04","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/654219\/hyatt-v-shalala\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 6 F.3d 250 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"6":{"name":"Palmer v. R. A. Yancey Lumber Corp.","case_number":"Record 160664.","citation":"803 S.E.2d 742","date":"2017-09-14","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4426056\/palmer-v-r-a-yancey-lumber-corp\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: All the Justices .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"7":{"name":"Whitener v. McWatters","case_number":"96-1515","citation":"112 F.3d 740","date":"1997-04-30","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2966643\/whitener-v-mcwatters\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"8":{"name":"United States v. Branch","case_number":"06-4257","citation":"537 F.3d 328","date":"2008-08-20","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1026476\/united-states-v-branch\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published opinion. Judge WILKINSON wrote the opinion, in which Judge FLOYD joined. Judge .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"9":{"name":"United States v. Curtis O'Neal","case_number":"96-4188","citation":"180 F.3d 115","date":"1999-06-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2966990\/united-states-v-curtis-oneal\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. *118 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}}],"previous_section":{"id":366446,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-11","catch_line":"Punishment for contempt","url":"\/48-11\/","token":"48\/2\/48-11","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":366448,"structure_id":52216,"section_number":"48-13","catch_line":"Disposition of proceeds of sale","url":"\/48-13\/","token":"48\/2\/48-13","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/48-12\/","history_text":false,"references":[{"id":366448,"section_number":"48-13","catch_line":"Disposition of proceeds of sale","order_by":null,"url":"\/48-13\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":366446,"section_number":"48-11","catch_line":"Punishment for contempt","order_by":null,"url":"\/48-11\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1460133,"object_type":"law","relational_id":366447,"identifier":"48-12","token":"48\/2\/48-12","url":"\/48-12\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/48-12\/","token":"48\/2\/48-12","dublin_core":{"Title":"Order of abatement of nuisance; sale of furniture, etc.; closing of building","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 48-12","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If the existence of the nuisance be established in such suit in <span class=\"dictionary\">equity<\/span>, or in a criminal proceeding, an <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> of abatement shall be entered as a part of the <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> in the case, which <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> shall direct the removal from the building or place of all fixtures, furniture, musical instruments, or movable property used in conducting the nuisance, and shall direct the sale thereof in the manner provided for the sale of chattels under execution, and shall <span class=\"dictionary\">decree<\/span> the effectual closing of the building or place against its use for any purpose, and so keeping it closed for a period of one year, unless sooner released. If any person shall break and enter or use a building, erection, or place so directed to be closed he shall be punished as for <span class=\"dictionary\">contempt<\/span>, as provided in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Punishment for contempt\" href=\"\/48-11\/\">48-11<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nORDER OF ABATEMENT OF NUISANCE; SALE OF FURNITURE, ETC.; CLOSING OF BUILDING (\u00a7\n48-12)\n\nIf the existence of the nuisance be established in such suit in equity, or in a\ncriminal proceeding, an order of abatement shall be entered as a part of the\njudgment in the case, which order shall direct the removal from the building or\nplace of all fixtures, furniture, musical instruments, or movable property used\nin conducting the nuisance, and shall direct the sale thereof in the manner\nprovided for the sale of chattels under execution, and shall decree the\neffectual closing of the building or place against its use for any purpose, and\nso keeping it closed for a period of one year, unless sooner released. If any\nperson shall break and enter or use a building, erection, or place so directed\nto be closed he shall be punished as for contempt, as provided in \u00a7 48-11.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 1525.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}