{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/46.2-391.01.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/46.2-391.01.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/46.2-391.01.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/46.2-391.01.html"}],"law_id":365648,"edition_id":2,"section_id":365648,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.01","catch_line":"Administrative enforcement of ignition interlock requirements","history":"2001, c. 739; 2002, c. 811; 2014, c. 707; 2015, c. 729.","full_text":"If the court, as a condition of license restoration or as a condition of a restricted license under subsection C or D of \u00a7 18.2-271.1 or \u00a7 46.2-391, or when required by \u00a7 18.2-270.1, fails to prohibit an offender from operating a motor vehicle that is not equipped with a functioning, certified ignition interlock system, the Commissioner shall enforce the requirements relating to installation of such systems in accordance with the provisions of \u00a7 18.2-270.1.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1362442,"text":"If the court, as a condition of license restoration or as a condition of a restricted license under subsection C or D of \u00a7 18.2-271.1 or \u00a7 46.2-391, or when required by \u00a7 18.2-270.1, fails to prohibit an offender from operating a motor vehicle that is not equipped with a functioning, certified ignition interlock system, the Commissioner shall enforce the requirements relating to installation of such systems in accordance with the provisions of \u00a7 18.2-270.1.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":52161,"edition_id":2,"name":"Suspension and Revocation of Licenses, Generally; Additional Penalties","identifier":"12","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":13,"parent_id":52148,"metadata":{"child_laws":41,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:54:31","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:05","permalink":{"id":1452763,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52161,"identifier":"12","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/12\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52148,"edition_id":2,"name":"Licensure of Drivers","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":52147,"metadata":{"child_laws":313,"child_structures":20},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:54:13","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:03","permalink":{"id":1452631,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52148,"identifier":"3","token":"46.2\/II\/3","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52147,"edition_id":2,"name":"Titling, Registration and Licensure","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":52048,"metadata":{"child_laws":724,"child_structures":36},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:54:13","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:03","permalink":{"id":1452629,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52147,"identifier":"II","token":"46.2\/II","url":"\/46.2\/II\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":52048,"edition_id":2,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":101,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1830,"child_structures":157},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:52:29","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:34:02","permalink":{"id":1452291,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":52048,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":365645,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-389","catch_line":"Required revocation for one year upon conviction or finding of guilty of certain offenses; exceptions","url":"\/46.2-389\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-389","metadata":false},{"id":365647,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-390","catch_line":"Required suspension for conviction of theft or unauthorized use of a motor vehicle","url":"\/46.2-390\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-390","metadata":false},{"id":365646,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-390.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-390.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-390.1","metadata":false},{"id":365654,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391","catch_line":"Revocation of license for multiple convictions of driving while intoxicated; exception; petition for restoration of privilege","url":"\/46.2-391\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391","metadata":false},{"id":365648,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.01","catch_line":"Administrative enforcement of ignition interlock requirements","url":"\/46.2-391.01\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.01","metadata":false},{"id":365649,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.1","catch_line":"Suspension of registration certificates and plates upon suspension or revocation of driver's license","url":"\/46.2-391.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.1","metadata":false},{"id":365650,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.2","catch_line":"Administrative suspension of license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle","url":"\/46.2-391.2\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.2","metadata":false},{"id":365651,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.3","catch_line":"Content of notice of suspension","url":"\/46.2-391.3\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.3","metadata":false},{"id":365652,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.4","catch_line":"When suspension to be rescinded","url":"\/46.2-391.4\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.4","metadata":false},{"id":365653,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.5","catch_line":"Preparation and distribution of forms","url":"\/46.2-391.5\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.5","metadata":false},{"id":365655,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-392","catch_line":"Suspension of license or issuance of a restricted license on conviction of certain offenses; probationary conditions required; generally","url":"\/46.2-392\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-392","metadata":false},{"id":365656,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-393","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Suspension of license on conviction of certain reckless offenses; restricted licenses","url":"\/46.2-393\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-393","metadata":false},{"id":365657,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-394","catch_line":"(Effective until July 1, 2026) Revocation of license for fourth conviction of certain offenses","url":"\/46.2-394\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-394","metadata":false},{"id":365658,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-395","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-395\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-395","metadata":false},{"id":365660,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-396","catch_line":"Suspension of license for reckless driving resulting in death of any person","url":"\/46.2-396\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-396","metadata":false},{"id":365659,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-396.1","catch_line":"Conviction of serious driving offense","url":"\/46.2-396.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-396.1","metadata":false},{"id":365661,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-397","catch_line":"Suspension of license for certain violations while transporting explosives, inflammable gas or liquid","url":"\/46.2-397\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-397","metadata":false},{"id":365663,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-398","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Disposition of surrendered licenses on revocation or suspension","url":"\/46.2-398\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-398","metadata":false},{"id":365662,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-398.1","catch_line":"Issuance of restricted driver's privilege to out-of-state licensees","url":"\/46.2-398.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-398.1","metadata":false},{"id":365664,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-399","catch_line":"Revocation of license for improper use or failure to pay certain taxes","url":"\/46.2-399\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-399","metadata":false},{"id":365665,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-400","catch_line":"Suspension of license of person not competent to drive; restoration of license; duty of clerk of the court","url":"\/46.2-400\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-400","metadata":false},{"id":365666,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-401","catch_line":"Reports to Commissioner of discharge of individuals from state facilities","url":"\/46.2-401\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-401","metadata":false},{"id":365667,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-402","catch_line":"When Commissioner may suspend or revoke license for not more than one year after hearing","url":"\/46.2-402\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-402","metadata":false},{"id":365668,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-403","catch_line":"Contents of notice of hearing","url":"\/46.2-403\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-403","metadata":false},{"id":365669,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-404","catch_line":"Where and before whom hearing held","url":"\/46.2-404\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-404","metadata":false},{"id":365670,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-405","catch_line":"How hearings to be conducted","url":"\/46.2-405\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-405","metadata":false},{"id":365671,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-406","catch_line":"Appointment and authority of hearing officers","url":"\/46.2-406\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-406","metadata":false},{"id":365672,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-407","catch_line":"Form and contents of decision; copies","url":"\/46.2-407\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-407","metadata":false},{"id":365673,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-408","catch_line":"When Commissioner may suspend or revoke license for no more than five years","url":"\/46.2-408\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-408","metadata":false},{"id":365674,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-409","catch_line":"Certain abstracts of conviction to be prima facie evidence of conviction","url":"\/46.2-409\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-409","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":365677,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-410","catch_line":"Appeals from order suspending or revoking license or registration","url":"\/46.2-410\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-410","metadata":false},{"id":365675,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-410.1","catch_line":"Judicial review of revocation or suspension by Commissioner","url":"\/46.2-410.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-410.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Kenneth A. Stokes, Jr. v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"0090121","citation":"61 Va. App. 388","date":"2013-01-15","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1061488\/kenneth-a-stokes-jr-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. FRANK, Judge. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"A.R.A. v. Commonwealth","case_number":"Record 170199","citation":"809 S.E.2d 660","date":"2018-03-01","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4473517\/ara-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION BY STEPHEN R. McCULLOUGH .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":365676,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-410.2","catch_line":"License suspension or revocation by Commissioner; offenses under the laws of other jurisdictions","url":"\/46.2-410.2\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-410.2","metadata":false},{"id":365679,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-411","catch_line":"Reinstatement of suspended or revoked license or other privilege to operate or register a motor vehicle; proof of financial responsibility; reinstatement fee","url":"\/46.2-411\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-411","metadata":false},{"id":365678,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-411.1","catch_line":"Reinstatement of driver's license suspended or revoked for a conviction of driving while intoxicated","url":"\/46.2-411.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-411.1","metadata":false},{"id":365680,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-412","catch_line":"Time suspension or revocation","url":"\/46.2-412\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-412","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"King v. Commonwealth","case_number":"1230483","citation":null,"date":"2024-10-24","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10160575\/king-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: Goodwyn, C.J., Kelsey, McCullough, Chafin, Russell, and Mann, JJ. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Barden v. Commonwealth","case_number":"Record No. 1027-14-4","citation":"64 Va. App. 700","date":"2016-05-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8212029\/barden-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. ALSTON, Judge. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"2":{"name":"Kenneth Lee Barden v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"1027144","citation":null,"date":"2015-05-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2800134\/kenneth-lee-barden-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":365681,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-413","catch_line":"Effect of reversal of conviction","url":"\/46.2-413\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-413","metadata":false},{"id":365682,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-414","catch_line":"Commencement of periods for suspension or revocation of licenses, registration cards, or license plates","url":"\/46.2-414\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-414","metadata":false},{"id":365683,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-415","catch_line":"United States magistrates and judges of district courts authorized to revoke or suspend driver's license under certain conditions","url":"\/46.2-415\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-415","metadata":false},{"id":365685,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-416","catch_line":"Notice of suspension or revocation of license","url":"\/46.2-416\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-416","metadata":false},{"id":365684,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-416.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-416.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-416.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Plummer v. Commonwealth","case_number":"No. 1172-90-2","citation":"13 Va. App. 13","date":"1991-09-03","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/6932536\/plummer-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Opinion .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"}}}}],"previous_section":{"id":365654,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391","catch_line":"Revocation of license for multiple convictions of driving while intoxicated; exception; petition for restoration of privilege","url":"\/46.2-391\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":365649,"structure_id":52161,"section_number":"46.2-391.1","catch_line":"Suspension of registration certificates and plates upon suspension or revocation of driver's license","url":"\/46.2-391.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-391.01\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0739\">739<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2002, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?021+ful+CHAP0811\">811<\/a>; in 2014, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?141+ful+CHAP0707\">707<\/a>; in 2015, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?151+ful+CHAP0729\">729<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":350636,"section_number":"18.2-272","catch_line":"Driving after forfeiture of license","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-272\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":350627,"section_number":"18.2-270.1","catch_line":"Ignition interlock systems; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-270.1\/"},{"id":350630,"section_number":"18.2-271.1","catch_line":"Probation, education, and rehabilitation of person charged or convicted; person convicted under law of another state or federal law","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-271.1\/"},{"id":365654,"section_number":"46.2-391","catch_line":"Revocation of license for multiple convictions of driving while intoxicated; exception; petition for restoration of privilege","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-391\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1452781,"object_type":"law","relational_id":365648,"identifier":"46.2-391.01","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.01","url":"\/46.2-391.01\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-391.01\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/12\/46.2-391.01","dublin_core":{"Title":"Administrative enforcement of ignition interlock requirements","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-391.01","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span>, as a condition of license restoration or as a condition of a restricted license under subsection C or D of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Probation, education, and rehabilitation of person charged or convicted; person convicted under law of another state or federal law\" href=\"\/18.2-271.1\/\">18.2-271.1<\/a> or \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Revocation of license for multiple convictions of driving while intoxicated; exception; petition for restoration of privilege\" href=\"\/46.2-391\/\">46.2-391<\/a>, or when required by \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Ignition interlock systems; penalty\" href=\"\/18.2-270.1\/\">18.2-270.1<\/a>, fails to prohibit an offender from operating a <span class=\"dictionary\">motor vehicle<\/span> that is not equipped with a functioning, certified ignition interlock system, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> shall enforce the requirements relating to installation of such systems in accordance with the provisions of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Ignition interlock systems; penalty\" href=\"\/18.2-270.1\/\">18.2-270.1<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nADMINISTRATIVE ENFORCEMENT OF IGNITION INTERLOCK REQUIREMENTS (\u00a7 46.2-391.01)\n\nIf the court, as a condition of license restoration or as a condition of a\nrestricted license under subsection C or D of \u00a7 18.2-271.1 or \u00a7 46.2-391, or\nwhen required by \u00a7 18.2-270.1, fails to prohibit an offender from operating a\nmotor vehicle that is not equipped with a functioning, certified ignition\ninterlock system, the Commissioner shall enforce the requirements relating to\ninstallation of such systems in accordance with the provisions of \u00a7 18.2-270.1.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 739; 2002, c. 811; 2014, c. 707; 2015, c. 729.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}