{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/44-98.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/44-98.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/44-98.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/44-98.html"}],"law_id":363947,"edition_id":2,"section_id":363947,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-98","catch_line":"Interference with employment of members of Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force","history":"1930, p. 967; Michie Code 1942, \u00a7 2673(83); 1958, c. 393; 1984, c. 765; 2011, cc. 572, 586; 2015, c. 221.","full_text":"A person who, either by himself or with another, deprives a member of the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force of his employment, or prevents, by himself or another, such member being employed, or obstructs or annoys such member or his employer at his trade, business, or employment, because such member of such organization is such member, or dissuades any person from enlistment in the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force by threat or injury to him in his trade, business, or employment in case he shall so enlist, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not exceeding $500, or imprisonment in jail not more than 30 days, or shall suffer both fine and imprisonment.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1355589,"text":"A person who, either by himself or with another, deprives a member of the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force of his employment, or prevents, by himself or another, such member being employed, or obstructs or annoys such member or his employer at his trade, business, or employment, because such member of such organization is such member, or dissuades any person from enlistment in the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force by threat or injury to him in his trade, business, or employment in case he shall so enlist, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be fined in a sum not exceeding $500, or imprisonment in jail not more than 30 days, or shall suffer both fine and imprisonment.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":51902,"edition_id":2,"name":"Privileges of United States Reserve, National Guard, and Naval Militia","identifier":"10","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":12,"parent_id":51899,"metadata":{"child_laws":19,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:50:49","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:30","permalink":{"id":1448589,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51902,"identifier":"10","token":"44\/1\/10","url":"\/44\/1\/10\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51899,"edition_id":2,"name":"Military Laws of Virginia","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51898,"metadata":{"child_laws":150,"child_structures":16},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:50:49","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:29","permalink":{"id":1448553,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51899,"identifier":"1","token":"44\/1","url":"\/44\/1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51898,"edition_id":2,"name":"Military and Emergency Laws","identifier":"44","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":97,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":233,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:50:49","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:29","permalink":{"id":1448551,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51898,"identifier":"44","token":"44","url":"\/44\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":363718,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-100","catch_line":"No action allowed on account of military duties; counsel for members sued or prosecuted","url":"\/44-100\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-100","metadata":false},{"id":363719,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-101","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/44-101\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-101","metadata":false},{"id":363723,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-102","catch_line":"Commission not to vacate civil office","url":"\/44-102\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-102","metadata":false},{"id":363720,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-102.1","catch_line":"Rights, benefits and protections upon call to active duty; contract termination","url":"\/44-102.1\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-102.1","metadata":false},{"id":363721,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-102.1:1","catch_line":"Benefits upon call to active duty under a state of emergency; health care premiums","url":"\/44-102.1_1\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-102.1_1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":363722,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-102.2","catch_line":"Virginia Military Family Relief Fund established","url":"\/44-102.2\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-102.2","metadata":false},{"id":363941,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93","catch_line":"Leaves of absence for employees of Commonwealth or political subdivisions","url":"\/44-93\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93","metadata":false},{"id":363936,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93.1","catch_line":"Supplement of military pay and additional life insurance benefits for employees of Commonwealth or political subdivisions","url":"\/44-93.1\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93.1","metadata":false},{"id":363937,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93.2","catch_line":"Leaves of absence from nongovernmental employment","url":"\/44-93.2\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93.2","metadata":false},{"id":363938,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93.3","catch_line":"Reemployment rights","url":"\/44-93.3\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93.3","metadata":false},{"id":363939,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93.4","catch_line":"Discrimination against persons who serve in the Virginia National Guard, Virginia Defense Force, or National Guard of another state and acts of reprisal prohibited","url":"\/44-93.4\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93.4","metadata":false},{"id":363940,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-93.5","catch_line":"Penalties for denial","url":"\/44-93.5\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-93.5","metadata":false},{"id":363942,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-94","catch_line":"Exemption from jury duty","url":"\/44-94\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-94","metadata":false},{"id":363943,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-95","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/44-95\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-95","metadata":false},{"id":363944,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-96","catch_line":"Military property exempt from levy and sale","url":"\/44-96\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-96","metadata":false},{"id":363946,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-97","catch_line":"Exemption from arrest","url":"\/44-97\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-97","metadata":false},{"id":363945,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-97.1","catch_line":"Continuance or time for filing pleading, etc., where party or attorney is on active duty","url":"\/44-97.1\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-97.1","metadata":false},{"id":363947,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-98","catch_line":"Interference with employment of members of Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force","url":"\/44-98\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-98","metadata":false},{"id":363948,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-99","catch_line":"Organizations may own property; suits","url":"\/44-99\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-99","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":363945,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-97.1","catch_line":"Continuance or time for filing pleading, etc., where party or attorney is on active duty","url":"\/44-97.1\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-97.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":363948,"structure_id":51902,"section_number":"44-99","catch_line":"Organizations may own property; suits","url":"\/44-99\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-99","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/44-98\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1958, chapter 393; in 1984, chapter 765; in 2011, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?111+ful+CHAP0572\">572<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?111+ful+CHAP0586\">586<\/a>; in 2015, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?151+ful+CHAP0221\">221<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1448659,"object_type":"law","relational_id":363947,"identifier":"44-98","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-98","url":"\/44-98\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/44-98\/","token":"44\/1\/10\/44-98","dublin_core":{"Title":"Interference with employment of members of Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 44-98","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>A person who, either by himself or with another, deprives a member of the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force of his employment, or prevents, by himself or another, such member being employed, or obstructs or annoys such member or his employer at his trade, business, or employment, because such member of such organization is such member, or dissuades any person from enlistment in the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force by threat or injury to him in his trade, business, or employment in case he shall so enlist, shall be guilty of a <span class=\"dictionary\">misdemeanor<\/span> and on <span class=\"dictionary\">conviction<\/span> thereof shall be fined in a sum not exceeding $500, or imprisonment in jail not more than 30 days, or shall suffer both fine and imprisonment.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINTERFERENCE WITH EMPLOYMENT OF MEMBERS OF VIRGINIA NATIONAL GUARD OR VIRGINIA\nDEFENSE FORCE (\u00a7 44-98)\n\nA person who, either by himself or with another, deprives a member of the\nVirginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force of his employment, or\nprevents, by himself or another, such member being employed, or obstructs or\nannoys such member or his employer at his trade, business, or employment,\nbecause such member of such organization is such member, or dissuades any person\nfrom enlistment in the Virginia National Guard or Virginia Defense Force by\nthreat or injury to him in his trade, business, or employment in case he shall\nso enlist, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be\nfined in a sum not exceeding $500, or imprisonment in jail not more than 30\ndays, or shall suffer both fine and imprisonment.\n\nHISTORY: 1930, p. 967; Michie Code 1942, \u00a7 2673(83); 1958, c. 393; 1984, c.\n765; 2011, cc. 572, 586; 2015, c. 221.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}