{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/40.1-63.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/40.1-63.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/40.1-63.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/40.1-63.html"}],"law_id":363483,"edition_id":2,"section_id":363483,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-63","catch_line":"Recovery by individual unlawfully denied employment","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 40-73; 1970, c. 321.","full_text":"Any person who may be denied employment or be deprived of continuation of his employment in violation of \u00a7\u00a7 40.1-60, 40.1-61 or \u00a7 40.1-62 or of one or more of such sections, shall be entitled to recover from such employer and from any other person, firm, corporation or association acting in concert with him by appropriate action in the courts of this Commonwealth such damages as he may have sustained by reason of such denial or deprivation of employment.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1354589,"text":"Any person who may be denied employment or be deprived of continuation of his employment in violation of \u00a7\u00a7 40.1-60, 40.1-61 or \u00a7 40.1-62 or of one or more of such sections, shall be entitled to recover from such employer and from any other person, firm, corporation or association acting in concert with him by appropriate action in the courts of this Commonwealth such damages as he may have sustained by reason of such denial or deprivation of employment.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":51869,"edition_id":2,"name":"Denial or Abridgement of Right to Work","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":3,"parent_id":51865,"metadata":{"child_laws":13,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:50:22","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:25","permalink":{"id":1447435,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51869,"identifier":"3","token":"40.1\/4\/3","url":"\/40.1\/4\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51865,"edition_id":2,"name":"Labor Unions, Strikes, Etc","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":7,"parent_id":51843,"metadata":{"child_laws":32,"child_structures":6},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:50:21","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:24","permalink":{"id":1447379,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51865,"identifier":"4","token":"40.1\/4","url":"\/40.1\/4\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51843,"edition_id":2,"name":"Labor and Employment","identifier":"40.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":89,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":237,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:49:54","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:33:22","permalink":{"id":1446725,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51843,"identifier":"40.1","token":"40.1","url":"\/40.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":363477,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-58","catch_line":"Policy of article","url":"\/40.1-58\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-58","metadata":false},{"id":363476,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-58.1","catch_line":"Application of article to public employers and employees","url":"\/40.1-58.1\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-58.1","metadata":false},{"id":363478,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-59","catch_line":"Agreements or combinations declared unlawful","url":"\/40.1-59\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-59","metadata":false},{"id":363480,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-60","catch_line":"Employers not to require employees to become or remain members of union","url":"\/40.1-60\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-60","metadata":false},{"id":363481,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-61","catch_line":"Employers not to require abstention from membership or officeholding in union","url":"\/40.1-61\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-61","metadata":false},{"id":363482,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-62","catch_line":"Employer not to require payment of union dues, etc","url":"\/40.1-62\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-62","metadata":false},{"id":363483,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-63","catch_line":"Recovery by individual unlawfully denied employment","url":"\/40.1-63\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-63","metadata":false},{"id":363484,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-64","catch_line":"Application of article to contracts","url":"\/40.1-64\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-64","metadata":false},{"id":363485,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-65","catch_line":"Agreement or practice designed to cause employer to violate article declared illegal","url":"\/40.1-65\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-65","metadata":false},{"id":363486,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-66","catch_line":"Conduct causing violation of article illegal; peaceful solicitation to join union","url":"\/40.1-66\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-66","metadata":false},{"id":363487,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-67","catch_line":"Injunctive relief against violation; recovery of damages","url":"\/40.1-67\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-67","metadata":false},{"id":363488,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-68","catch_line":"Service of process on clerk of State Corporation Commission as attorney for union","url":"\/40.1-68\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-68","metadata":false},{"id":363489,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-69","catch_line":"Violation a misdemeanor","url":"\/40.1-69\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-69","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":363482,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-62","catch_line":"Employer not to require payment of union dues, etc","url":"\/40.1-62\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-62","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":363484,"structure_id":51869,"section_number":"40.1-64","catch_line":"Application of article to contracts","url":"\/40.1-64\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-64","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/40.1-63\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1970, chapter 321.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":363480,"section_number":"40.1-60","catch_line":"Employers not to require employees to become or remain members of union","order_by":null,"url":"\/40.1-60\/"},{"id":363481,"section_number":"40.1-61","catch_line":"Employers not to require abstention from membership or officeholding in union","order_by":null,"url":"\/40.1-61\/"},{"id":363482,"section_number":"40.1-62","catch_line":"Employer not to require payment of union dues, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/40.1-62\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1447461,"object_type":"law","relational_id":363483,"identifier":"40.1-63","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-63","url":"\/40.1-63\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/40.1-63\/","token":"40.1\/4\/3\/40.1-63","dublin_core":{"Title":"Recovery by individual unlawfully denied employment","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 40.1-63","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any person who may be denied employment or be deprived of continuation of his employment in violation of \u00a7\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Employers not to require employees to become or remain members of union\" href=\"\/40.1-60\/\">40.1-60<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Employers not to require abstention from membership or officeholding in union\" href=\"\/40.1-61\/\">40.1-61<\/a> or \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Employer not to require payment of union dues, etc\" href=\"\/40.1-62\/\">40.1-62<\/a> or of one or more of such sections, shall be entitled to recover from such <span class=\"dictionary\">employer<\/span> and from any other person, firm, corporation or association acting in concert with him by appropriate action in the <span class=\"dictionary\">courts<\/span> of this Commonwealth such <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> as he may have sustained by reason of such denial or deprivation of employment.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nRECOVERY BY INDIVIDUAL UNLAWFULLY DENIED EMPLOYMENT (\u00a7 40.1-63)\n\nAny person who may be denied employment or be deprived of continuation of his\nemployment in violation of \u00a7\u00a7 40.1-60, 40.1-61 or \u00a7 40.1-62 or of one or more\nof such sections, shall be entitled to recover from such employer and from any\nother person, firm, corporation or association acting in concert with him by\nappropriate action in the courts of this Commonwealth such damages as he may\nhave sustained by reason of such denial or deprivation of employment.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 40-73; 1970, c. 321.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}