{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/4.1-352.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/4.1-352.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/4.1-352.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/4.1-352.html"}],"law_id":363213,"edition_id":2,"section_id":363213,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-352","catch_line":"Certificate of forensic scientist as evidence; requiring forensic scientist to appear","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 4-90; 1972, c. 741; 1981, c. 410; 1993, c. 866; 2003, c. 130; 2005, cc. 868, 881.","full_text":"The certificate of any forensic scientist employed by the Commonwealth on behalf of the Board or the Department of Forensic Science, when signed by him, shall be evidence in all prosecutions for violations of this subtitle and all controversies in any judicial proceedings touching the mixture analyzed by him. On motion of the accused or any party in interest, the court may require the forensic scientist making the analysis to appear as a witness and be subject to cross-examination, provided such motion is made within a reasonable time prior to the day on which the case is set for trial.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1353614,"text":"The certificate of any forensic scientist employed by the Commonwealth on behalf of the Board or the Department of Forensic Science, when signed by him, shall be evidence in all prosecutions for violations of this subtitle and all controversies in any judicial proceedings touching the mixture analyzed by him. On motion of the accused or any party in interest, the court may require the forensic scientist making the analysis to appear as a witness and be subject to cross-examination, provided such motion is made within a reasonable time prior to the day on which the case is set for trial.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":51836,"edition_id":2,"name":"Procedural Matters","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":4,"parent_id":51833,"metadata":{"child_laws":17,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:49:43","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:48","permalink":{"id":1446191,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51836,"identifier":"3","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3","url":"\/4.1\/I\/3\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51833,"edition_id":2,"name":"Prohibited Practices; Penalties; Procedural Matters","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":5,"parent_id":51819,"metadata":{"child_laws":57,"child_structures":3},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:49:39","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:47","permalink":{"id":1446025,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51833,"identifier":"3","token":"4.1\/I\/3","url":"\/4.1\/I\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51819,"edition_id":2,"name":"Alcoholic Beverage Control Act","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51818,"metadata":{"child_laws":205,"child_structures":11},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:49:20","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:47","permalink":{"id":1445573,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51819,"identifier":"I","token":"4.1\/I","url":"\/4.1\/I\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51818,"edition_id":2,"name":"Alcoholic Beverage and Cannabis Control","identifier":"4.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":7,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":276,"child_structures":24},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:49:20","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:46","permalink":{"id":1445571,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51818,"identifier":"4.1","token":"4.1","url":"\/4.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":363199,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-333","catch_line":"Interdiction of intoxicated driver","url":"\/4.1-333\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-333","metadata":false},{"id":363200,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-334","catch_line":"Interdiction for illegal manufacture, possession, transportation or sale of alcoholic beverages","url":"\/4.1-334\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-334","metadata":false},{"id":363201,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-335","catch_line":"Enjoining nuisances","url":"\/4.1-335\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-335","metadata":false},{"id":363202,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-336","catch_line":"Contraband beverages and other articles subject to forfeiture","url":"\/4.1-336\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-336","metadata":false},{"id":363203,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-337","catch_line":"Search warrants","url":"\/4.1-337\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-337","metadata":false},{"id":363204,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-338","catch_line":"Confiscation proceedings; disposition of forfeited articles","url":"\/4.1-338\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-338","metadata":false},{"id":363205,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-339","catch_line":"Search and seizure of conveyances or vehicles used in violation of law; arrests","url":"\/4.1-339\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-339","metadata":false},{"id":363206,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-340","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/4.1-340\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-340","metadata":false},{"id":363207,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-346","catch_line":"Contraband beverages","url":"\/4.1-346\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-346","metadata":false},{"id":363208,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-347","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/4.1-347\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-347","metadata":false},{"id":363209,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-348","catch_line":"Beverages not licensed under this subtitle","url":"\/4.1-348\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-348","metadata":false},{"id":363210,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-349","catch_line":"Punishment for violations of title or regulations; bond","url":"\/4.1-349\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-349","metadata":false},{"id":363211,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-350","catch_line":"Witness not excused from testifying because of self-incrimination","url":"\/4.1-350\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-350","metadata":false},{"id":363212,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-351","catch_line":"Previous convictions","url":"\/4.1-351\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-351","metadata":false},{"id":363213,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-352","catch_line":"Certificate of forensic scientist as evidence; requiring forensic scientist to appear","url":"\/4.1-352\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-352","metadata":false},{"id":363214,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-353","catch_line":"Label on sealed container prima facie evidence of alcoholic content","url":"\/4.1-353\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-353","metadata":false},{"id":363215,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-354","catch_line":"No recovery for alcoholic beverages illegally sold","url":"\/4.1-354\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-354","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":363212,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-351","catch_line":"Previous convictions","url":"\/4.1-351\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-351","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":363214,"structure_id":51836,"section_number":"4.1-353","catch_line":"Label on sealed container prima facie evidence of alcoholic content","url":"\/4.1-353\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-353","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/4.1-352\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1972, chapter 741; in 1981, chapter 410; in 1993, chapter 866; in 2003, chapter 130<\/a>; in 2005, chapters 868<\/a> and 881<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1446249,"object_type":"law","relational_id":363213,"identifier":"4.1-352","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-352","url":"\/4.1-352\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/4.1-352\/","token":"4.1\/I\/3\/3\/4.1-352","dublin_core":{"Title":"Certificate of forensic scientist as evidence; requiring forensic scientist to appear","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 4.1-352","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The certificate of any forensic scientist employed by the Commonwealth on behalf of the Board<\/span> or the Department of Forensic Science, when signed by him, shall be evidence<\/span> in all prosecutions<\/span> for violations of this subtitle and all controversies in any judicial proceedings touching the mixture analyzed by him. On motion<\/span> of the accused<\/span> or any party in interest<\/span>, the court<\/span> may require the forensic scientist making the analysis to appear as a witness<\/span> and be subject to cross-examination, provided such motion<\/span> is made within a reasonable time prior to the day on which the case is set for trial<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCERTIFICATE OF FORENSIC SCIENTIST AS EVIDENCE; REQUIRING FORENSIC SCIENTIST TO\nAPPEAR (\u00a7 4.1-352)\n\nThe certificate of any forensic scientist employed by the Commonwealth on behalf\nof the Board or the Department of Forensic Science, when signed by him, shall be\nevidence in all prosecutions for violations of this subtitle and all\ncontroversies in any judicial proceedings touching the mixture analyzed by him.\nOn motion of the accused or any party in interest, the court may require the\nforensic scientist making the analysis to appear as a witness and be subject to\ncross-examination, provided such motion is made within a reasonable time prior\nto the day on which the case is set for trial.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 4-90; 1972, c. 741; 1981, c. 410; 1993, c. 866; 2003, c.\n130; 2005, cc. 868, 881.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}