{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/30-15.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/30-15.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/30-15.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/30-15.1.html"}],"law_id":358477,"edition_id":2,"section_id":358477,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15.1","catch_line":"Deputy clerks of the Senate; certification of records","history":"1954, c. 1; 1972, c. 5.","full_text":"The Clerk of the Senate may appoint deputy clerks, for performing the duties of such Clerk and for signing originals, or furnishing copies, of records and papers of the Senate, during the absence of such Clerk or after his death, resignation or retirement, which copies, being certified by any such deputy clerk, shall be evidence for any purpose for which the original would be received, and with as much effect. The Clerk of the Senate making such appointments, shall certify the same to the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy so appointed, before entering upon the duties of such office, shall take and subscribe the oath of office and file the same with the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy may be removed from office by the Clerk of the Senate by written notice to the Secretary of the Commonwealth.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1333693,"text":"The Clerk of the Senate may appoint deputy clerks, for performing the duties of such Clerk and for signing originals, or furnishing copies, of records and papers of the Senate, during the absence of such Clerk or after his death, resignation or retirement, which copies, being certified by any such deputy clerk, shall be evidence for any purpose for which the original would be received, and with as much effect. The Clerk of the Senate making such appointments, shall certify the same to the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy so appointed, before entering upon the duties of such office, shall take and subscribe the oath of office and file the same with the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy may be removed from office by the Clerk of the Senate by written notice to the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":51256,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Assembly and Officers Thereof","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51255,"metadata":{"child_laws":60,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:55","permalink":{"id":1426023,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51256,"identifier":"1","token":"30\/1","url":"\/30\/1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51255,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Assembly","identifier":"30","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":73,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":476,"child_structures":87},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:55","permalink":{"id":1426021,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51255,"identifier":"30","token":"30","url":"\/30\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":358405,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-1","catch_line":"Time and place of meeting of General Assembly","url":"\/30-1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-1","metadata":false},{"id":358406,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-10","catch_line":"Attendance of witnesses; production of evidence","url":"\/30-10\/","token":"30\/1\/30-10","metadata":false},{"id":358419,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-11","catch_line":"Who to administer oaths to witnesses","url":"\/30-11\/","token":"30\/1\/30-11","metadata":false},{"id":358433,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-12","catch_line":"Duties of officers of each house","url":"\/30-12\/","token":"30\/1\/30-12","metadata":false},{"id":358450,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-13","catch_line":"Other duties of Clerk of House of Delegates; publication of proposed amendments to Constitution","url":"\/30-13\/","token":"30\/1\/30-13","metadata":false},{"id":358468,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14","catch_line":"Clerk to be Keeper of the Rolls; other duties","url":"\/30-14\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14","metadata":false},{"id":358463,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14.01","catch_line":"Certifying copy of act; fee","url":"\/30-14.01\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14.01","metadata":false},{"id":358464,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14.1","catch_line":"Enrollment of act to codify the laws; printing and distribution","url":"\/30-14.1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Jay Bauer v. Loretta Lynch","case_number":"14-2323","citation":"812 F.3d 340","date":"2016-01-11","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/3168568\/jay-bauer-v-loretta-lynch\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Vacated and remanded by published opinion. Judge KING wrote the opinion, in which Judge HARRIS and .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":"Bauer v. Holder","case_number":"Case No. 1:13-cv-93","citation":"25 F. Supp. 3d 842","date":"2014-06-10","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7306997\/bauer-v-holder\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"}}}},{"id":358465,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14.2","catch_line":"Reenrollment of bills amended in accordance with recommendations of Governor","url":"\/30-14.2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14.2","metadata":false},{"id":358466,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14.3","catch_line":"Keeper of the Rolls authorized to correct typographical errors, etc., in legislation","url":"\/30-14.3\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14.3","metadata":false},{"id":358467,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-14.4","catch_line":"Deputy clerks of the House of Delegates; certification of acts and resolutions of the General Assembly and other records","url":"\/30-14.4\/","token":"30\/1\/30-14.4","metadata":false},{"id":358480,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15","catch_line":"Index to Senate journal","url":"\/30-15\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15","metadata":false},{"id":358477,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15.1","catch_line":"Deputy clerks of the Senate; certification of records","url":"\/30-15.1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15.1","metadata":false},{"id":358478,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15.1:1","catch_line":"Use of Senate armorial bearings; penalty","url":"\/30-15.1_1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15.1_1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":358479,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15.2","catch_line":"Distribution of Code, supplements and replacement volumes to members of Senate","url":"\/30-15.2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15.2","metadata":false},{"id":358493,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-16","catch_line":"Books and maps of committees; original bills","url":"\/30-16\/","token":"30\/1\/30-16","metadata":false},{"id":358492,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-16.1","catch_line":"Correction of misspellings in bills and resolutions already introduced","url":"\/30-16.1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-16.1","metadata":false},{"id":358508,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-17","catch_line":"Alteration, secretion or destruction of pending bills or resolutions","url":"\/30-17\/","token":"30\/1\/30-17","metadata":false},{"id":358519,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-18","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-18\/","token":"30\/1\/30-18","metadata":false},{"id":358572,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19","catch_line":"How Constitution amended","url":"\/30-19\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19","metadata":false},{"id":358529,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.01","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.01\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.01","metadata":false},{"id":358530,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.03","catch_line":"Estimates to be prepared for legislation affecting local government expenditures and revenues","url":"\/30-19.03\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.03","metadata":false},{"id":358533,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.03:1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.03_1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.03_1","metadata":false},{"id":358531,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.03:1.2","catch_line":"Unemployment compensation bills affecting net revenues of the Commonwealth","url":"\/30-19.03_1.2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.03_1.2","metadata":false},{"id":358532,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.03:1.3","catch_line":"Evaluations to be prepared for legislation increasing or beginning regulation of an occupation","url":"\/30-19.03_1.3\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.03_1.3","metadata":false},{"id":358534,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.03:2","catch_line":"Legislative summaries","url":"\/30-19.03_2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.03_2","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Emmanuel Worship Center v. The City of Petersburg","case_number":"0409232","citation":null,"date":"2024-02-13","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/9474509\/emmanuel-worship-center-v-the-city-of-petersburg\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":358535,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.04","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.04\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.04","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. People Helpers Foundation, Incorporated Robert E. Elam .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"93-1501","citation":"12 F.3d 1321","date":"1993-12-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/659868\/people-helpers-foundation-incorporated-robert-e-elam-rebecca-thomas-gary\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 12 F.3d 1321 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":"People Helpers Foundation, Inc. v. City of Richmond","case_number":"Nos. 92-1839, 93-1501","citation":"12 F.3d 1321","date":"1993-12-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7027575\/people-helpers-foundation-inc-v-city-of-richmond\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"Page v. Virginia State Board of Elections","case_number":"Civil Action No. 3:13cv678","citation":"15 F. Supp. 3d 657","date":"2014-05-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7306062\/page-v-virginia-state-board-of-elections\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"3":{"name":"Miller v. Cunningham","case_number":"06-2334, 07-1002","citation":"512 F.3d 98","date":"2007-12-28","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1024633\/miller-v-cunningham\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. WILKINSON, Circuit Judge, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":"Bethune-Hill v. Virginia State Board of Elections","case_number":"Civil Action No. 3:14cv852","citation":"114 F. Supp. 3d 323","date":"2015-05-26","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7314322\/bethune-hill-v-virginia-state-board-of-elections\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"}}}},{"id":358536,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.05","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.05\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.05","metadata":false},{"id":358537,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1","metadata":false},{"id":358538,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.10","catch_line":"Distribution of information on proposed questions to be submitted to voters","url":"\/30-19.10\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.10","metadata":false},{"id":358547,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:10","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_10\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_10","metadata":false},{"id":358548,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:11","catch_line":"Legislation that creates or renews tax credits","url":"\/30-19.1_11\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_11","metadata":false},{"id":358549,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:12","catch_line":"Executive orders; impact statements by the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission","url":"\/30-19.1_12\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_12","metadata":false},{"id":358550,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:13","catch_line":"Racial and ethnic impact statements for criminal justice legislation","url":"\/30-19.1_13\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_13","metadata":false},{"id":358551,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_2","metadata":false},{"id":358552,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_3\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_3","metadata":false},{"id":358553,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:4","catch_line":"Increase in terms of imprisonment or commitment; fiscal impact statements; appropriations for operating costs","url":"\/30-19.1_4\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_4","metadata":false},{"id":358554,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_5\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_5","metadata":false},{"id":358555,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:6","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_6\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_6","metadata":false},{"id":358556,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:7","catch_line":"Bills related to the Virginia Retirement System; impact statements","url":"\/30-19.1_7\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_7","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":358557,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:8","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.1_8\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_8","metadata":false},{"id":358558,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.1:9","catch_line":"Duration of state boards and commissions","url":"\/30-19.1_9\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.1_9","metadata":false},{"id":358559,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.2","catch_line":"Inspection of certain state facilities by, or orientation for, members and future members of the General Assembly","url":"\/30-19.2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.2","metadata":false},{"id":358563,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.3","catch_line":"Prefiling of bills and resolutions","url":"\/30-19.3\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.3","metadata":false},{"id":358564,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.4","catch_line":"Secretaries and administrative assistants for officers and members of General Assembly; staff personnel for standing committees","url":"\/30-19.4\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.4","metadata":false},{"id":358565,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.5","catch_line":"Supervisory control of Division of Legislative Services","url":"\/30-19.5\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.5","metadata":false},{"id":358566,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.6","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.6\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.6","metadata":false},{"id":358567,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.7","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/30-19.7\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.7","metadata":false},{"id":358568,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.8","catch_line":"Collection of information by legislative study groups; policy","url":"\/30-19.8\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.8","metadata":false},{"id":358569,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.8:1","catch_line":"Due dates for legislative reports","url":"\/30-19.8_1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.8_1","metadata":false},{"id":358570,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.8:2","catch_line":"Absences on legislative commissions","url":"\/30-19.8_2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.8_2","metadata":false},{"id":358571,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-19.9","catch_line":"Distribution of information on proposed constitutional amendments to voters","url":"\/30-19.9\/","token":"30\/1\/30-19.9","metadata":false},{"id":358589,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-2","catch_line":"Meeting at place appointed by Governor","url":"\/30-2\/","token":"30\/1\/30-2","metadata":false},{"id":358684,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-3","catch_line":"How convened in extra session","url":"\/30-3\/","token":"30\/1\/30-3","metadata":false},{"id":358781,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-4","catch_line":"Civil proceedings for or against members, clerks or clerks' assistants, or the Lieutenant Governor during session","url":"\/30-4\/","token":"30\/1\/30-4","metadata":false},{"id":358833,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-5","catch_line":"Continuance or time for filing pleading, etc., where party or attorney is connected with General Assembly or Division of Legislative Services","url":"\/30-5\/","token":"30\/1\/30-5","metadata":false},{"id":358844,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-6","catch_line":"Privilege of members, clerks and clerks' assistants, and Lieutenant Governor from arrest","url":"\/30-6\/","token":"30\/1\/30-6","metadata":false},{"id":358856,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-7","catch_line":"Members, clerks, assistants, etc., subject to arrest for criminal offenses","url":"\/30-7\/","token":"30\/1\/30-7","metadata":false},{"id":358868,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-8","catch_line":"Member must obey writ of habeas corpus","url":"\/30-8\/","token":"30\/1\/30-8","metadata":false},{"id":358879,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-9","catch_line":"Privilege of members for words spoken or written","url":"\/30-9\/","token":"30\/1\/30-9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":358480,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15","catch_line":"Index to Senate journal","url":"\/30-15\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":358478,"structure_id":51256,"section_number":"30-15.1:1","catch_line":"Use of Senate armorial bearings; penalty","url":"\/30-15.1_1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15.1_1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/30-15.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1954. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 1 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1954 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1972, chapter 5.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1426073,"object_type":"law","relational_id":358477,"identifier":"30-15.1","token":"30\/1\/30-15.1","url":"\/30-15.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/30-15.1\/","token":"30\/1\/30-15.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Deputy clerks of the Senate; certification of records","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 30-15.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The Clerk of the Senate may appoint deputy clerks, for performing the duties of such Clerk and for signing originals, or furnishing copies, of records and papers of the Senate, during the absence of such Clerk or after his death, resignation or retirement, which copies, being certified by any such deputy clerk, shall be <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> for any purpose for which the original would be received, and with as much effect. The Clerk of the Senate making such appointments, shall certify the same to the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy so appointed, before entering upon the duties of such office, shall take and subscribe the <span class=\"dictionary\">oath<\/span> of office and file the same with the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any such deputy may be removed from office by the Clerk of the Senate by written notice to the Secretary of the Commonwealth.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEPUTY CLERKS OF THE SENATE; CERTIFICATION OF RECORDS (\u00a7 30-15.1)\n\nThe Clerk of the Senate may appoint deputy clerks, for performing the duties of\nsuch Clerk and for signing originals, or furnishing copies, of records and\npapers of the Senate, during the absence of such Clerk or after his death,\nresignation or retirement, which copies, being certified by any such deputy\nclerk, shall be evidence for any purpose for which the original would be\nreceived, and with as much effect. The Clerk of the Senate making such\nappointments, shall certify the same to the Secretary of the Commonwealth. Any\nsuch deputy so appointed, before entering upon the duties of such office, shall\ntake and subscribe the oath of office and file the same with the Secretary of\nthe Commonwealth. Any such deputy may be removed from office by the Clerk of the\nSenate by written notice to the Secretary of the Commonwealth.\n\nHISTORY: 1954, c. 1; 1972, c. 5.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}