{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/3.2-901.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/3.2-901.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/3.2-901.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/3.2-901.html"}],"law_id":358404,"edition_id":2,"section_id":358404,"structure_id":51254,"section_number":"3.2-901","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Commissioner","history":"1968, c. 64, \u00a7\u00a7 3.1-1013, 3.1-1014, 3.1-1015, 3.1-1019; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Commissioner shall conduct investigations and surveys to determine economic losses or public nuisances caused by nuisance birds and may develop a plan of action when he has determined that they are causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth, are detrimental to the public health and welfare, or otherwise create a public nuisance.\n\nB\n\nThe Commissioner may provide technical assistance to persons for the suppression of any nuisance birds when it has been determined that they are defacing or defiling public or private property.\n\nC\n\nThe Commissioner may appoint an advisory committee to evaluate facts in any particular situation and to make recommendations to him on the course of action. Plan of action programs shall be selected and executed so as to protect human life, other birds, and wildlife.\n\nD\n\nThe Commissioner may upon receipt of a complaint of a nuisance bird problem from an individual property owner, tenant, or sharecropper, make an investigation and determine the degree of assistance required. If after such investigation the Commissioner finds suppression necessary, he shall recommend acceptable means and methods.\n\nE\n\nThe Commissioner may provide assistance and cooperate with federal agencies, other state agencies, other states, political subdivisions of the Commonwealth, public and private agencies, organizations, institutions, and persons in the exercise of the duties imposed upon him by this chapter. Any plan of action conducted by the Commissioner under the provisions of this chapter shall be consistent with other applicable state and federal laws. Money accepted from any cooperator or person shall be deposited to a special nuisance bird fund to be expended in the enforcement of this chapter.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1333494,"text":"The Commissioner shall conduct investigations and surveys to determine economic losses or public nuisances caused by nuisance birds and may develop a plan of action when he has determined that they are causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth, are detrimental to the public health and welfare, or otherwise create a public nuisance.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1333495,"text":"The Commissioner may provide technical assistance to persons for the suppression of any nuisance birds when it has been determined that they are defacing or defiling public or private property.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":1333496,"text":"The Commissioner may appoint an advisory committee to evaluate facts in any particular situation and to make recommendations to him on the course of action. Plan of action programs shall be selected and executed so as to protect human life, other birds, and wildlife.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":1333497,"text":"The Commissioner may upon receipt of a complaint of a nuisance bird problem from an individual property owner, tenant, or sharecropper, make an investigation and determine the degree of assistance required. If after such investigation the Commissioner finds suppression necessary, he shall recommend acceptable means and methods.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"4":{"id":1333498,"text":"The Commissioner may provide assistance and cooperate with federal agencies, other state agencies, other states, political subdivisions of the Commonwealth, public and private agencies, organizations, institutions, and persons in the exercise of the duties imposed upon him by this chapter. Any plan of action conducted by the Commissioner under the provisions of this chapter shall be consistent with other applicable state and federal laws. Money accepted from any cooperator or person shall be deposited to a special nuisance bird fund to be expended in the enforcement of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D"}},"ancestry":[{"id":51254,"edition_id":2,"name":"Nuisance Birds","identifier":"9","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":9,"parent_id":51104,"metadata":{"child_laws":2,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:29","permalink":{"id":1421351,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51254,"identifier":"9","token":"3.2\/I\/9","url":"\/3.2\/I\/9\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51104,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Provisions; Protection and Promotion of Agriculture","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51103,"metadata":{"child_laws":95,"child_structures":18},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:37:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:27","permalink":{"id":1420943,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51104,"identifier":"I","token":"3.2\/I","url":"\/3.2\/I\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51103,"edition_id":2,"name":"Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food","identifier":"3.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":5,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1194,"child_structures":151},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:37:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:27","permalink":{"id":1420941,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51103,"identifier":"3.2","token":"3.2","url":"\/3.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":358403,"structure_id":51254,"section_number":"3.2-900","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-900\/","token":"3.2\/I\/9\/3.2-900","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":358404,"structure_id":51254,"section_number":"3.2-901","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-901\/","token":"3.2\/I\/9\/3.2-901","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Melissa Nanette Diaz v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"0056231","citation":null,"date":"2024-02-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/9478587\/melissa-nanette-diaz-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"}}}}],"previous_section":{"id":358403,"structure_id":51254,"section_number":"3.2-900","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-900\/","token":"3.2\/I\/9\/3.2-900","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Melissa Nanette Diaz v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"0056231","citation":null,"date":"2024-02-27","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/9478587\/melissa-nanette-diaz-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"}}},"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-901\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1968. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 64 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1968 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2008, chapter 860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1421357,"object_type":"law","relational_id":358404,"identifier":"3.2-901","token":"3.2\/I\/9\/3.2-901","url":"\/3.2-901\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-901\/","token":"3.2\/I\/9\/3.2-901","dublin_core":{"Title":"Powers and duties of Commissioner","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-901","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> shall conduct investigations and surveys to determine economic losses or public nuisances caused by nuisance birds<\/span> and may develop a plan of action when he has determined that they are causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth, are detrimental to the public health and welfare, or otherwise create a public nuisance. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> may provide technical assistance to persons<\/span> for the suppression of any nuisance birds<\/span> when it has been determined that they are defacing or defiling public or private property. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> may appoint an advisory committee to evaluate facts<\/span> in any particular situation and to make recommendations to him on the course of action. Plan of action programs shall be selected and executed so as to protect human life, other birds, and wildlife. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> may upon receipt of a complaint of a nuisance bird problem from an individual property owner, tenant, or sharecropper, make an investigation and determine the degree of assistance required. If after such investigation the Commissioner<\/span> finds suppression necessary, he shall recommend acceptable means and methods. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

E.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> may provide assistance and cooperate with federal agencies, other state agencies, other states, political subdivisions of the Commonwealth, public and private agencies, organizations, institutions, and persons<\/span> in the exercise of the duties imposed upon him by this chapter. Any plan of action conducted by the Commissioner<\/span> under the provisions of this chapter shall be consistent with other applicable state and federal laws<\/span>. Money accepted from any cooperator or person<\/span> shall be deposited to a special nuisance bird fund to be expended in the enforcement of this chapter. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPOWERS AND DUTIES OF COMMISSIONER (\u00a7 3.2-901)\n\nA. The Commissioner shall conduct investigations and surveys to determine\neconomic losses or public nuisances caused by nuisance birds and may develop a\nplan of action when he has determined that they are causing or about to cause\neconomic losses in the Commonwealth, are detrimental to the public health and\nwelfare, or otherwise create a public nuisance.\n\nB. The Commissioner may provide technical assistance to persons for the\nsuppression of any nuisance birds when it has been determined that they are\ndefacing or defiling public or private property.\n\nC. The Commissioner may appoint an advisory committee to evaluate facts in any\nparticular situation and to make recommendations to him on the course of action.\nPlan of action programs shall be selected and executed so as to protect human\nlife, other birds, and wildlife.\n\nD. The Commissioner may upon receipt of a complaint of a nuisance bird problem\nfrom an individual property owner, tenant, or sharecropper, make an\ninvestigation and determine the degree of assistance required. If after such\ninvestigation the Commissioner finds suppression necessary, he shall recommend\nacceptable means and methods.\n\nE. The Commissioner may provide assistance and cooperate with federal agencies,\nother state agencies, other states, political subdivisions of the Commonwealth,\npublic and private agencies, organizations, institutions, and persons in the\nexercise of the duties imposed upon him by this chapter. Any plan of action\nconducted by the Commissioner under the provisions of this chapter shall be\nconsistent with other applicable state and federal laws. Money accepted from any\ncooperator or person shall be deposited to a special nuisance bird fund to be\nexpended in the enforcement of this chapter.\n\nHISTORY: 1968, c. 64, \u00a7\u00a7 3.1-1013, 3.1-1014, 3.1-1015, 3.1-1019; 2008, c. 860.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}