{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/3.2-6301.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/3.2-6301.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/3.2-6301.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/3.2-6301.html"}],"law_id":358240,"edition_id":2,"section_id":358240,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6301","catch_line":"Liability limited; liability actions prohibited","history":"1994, c. 404, \u00a7 3.1-796.135; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"A\n\nExcept as provided in § 3.2-6302, an ox activity sponsor or an ox professional shall not be liable for an injury to or death of a participant engaged in an ox activity.\n\nB\n\nExcept as provided in § 3.2-6302, no participant or parent or guardian of a participant who has knowingly executed a waiver of his rights to sue or agrees to assume all risks specifically enumerated under this subsection may maintain an action against or recover from an ox activity sponsor or an ox professional for an injury to or the death of a participant engaged in an ox activity. The waiver shall give notice to the participant of the risks inherent in ox activities, including: (i) the propensity of an ox to behave in dangerous ways that may result in injury to the participant; (ii) the inability to predict an ox’s reaction to sound, movements, objects, persons, or animals; and (iii) hazards of surface or subsurface conditions. The waiver shall remain valid unless expressly revoked by the participant or parent or guardian of a minor. In the case of school-sponsored and college-sponsored classes and programs, waivers executed by a participant or parent or guardian of a participant shall apply to all ox activities in which the participant is involved in the next succeeding 12-month period unless earlier expressly revoked in writing.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1332830,"text":"Except as provided in § 3.2-6302, an ox activity sponsor or an ox professional shall not be liable for an injury to or death of a participant engaged in an ox activity.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1332831,"text":"Except as provided in § 3.2-6302, no participant or parent or guardian of a participant who has knowingly executed a waiver of his rights to sue or agrees to assume all risks specifically enumerated under this subsection may maintain an action against or recover from an ox activity sponsor or an ox professional for an injury to or the death of a participant engaged in an ox activity. The waiver shall give notice to the participant of the risks inherent in ox activities, including: (i) the propensity of an ox to behave in dangerous ways that may result in injury to the participant; (ii) the inability to predict an ox’s reaction to sound, movements, objects, persons, or animals; and (iii) hazards of surface or subsurface conditions. The waiver shall remain valid unless expressly revoked by the participant or parent or guardian of a minor. In the case of school-sponsored and college-sponsored classes and programs, waivers executed by a participant or parent or guardian of a participant shall apply to all ox activities in which the participant is involved in the next succeeding 12-month period unless earlier expressly revoked in writing.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":51231,"edition_id":2,"name":"Ox Activity Liability","identifier":"63","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":5,"parent_id":51220,"metadata":{"child_laws":3,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:44","permalink":{"id":1425427,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51231,"identifier":"63","token":"3.2\/V\/63","url":"\/3.2\/V\/63\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51220,"edition_id":2,"name":"Domestic Animals","identifier":"V","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":5,"parent_id":51103,"metadata":{"child_laws":207,"child_structures":28},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:26","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:43","permalink":{"id":1425135,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51220,"identifier":"V","token":"3.2\/V","url":"\/3.2\/V\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51103,"edition_id":2,"name":"Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food","identifier":"3.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":5,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1194,"child_structures":151},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:37:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:27","permalink":{"id":1420941,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51103,"identifier":"3.2","token":"3.2","url":"\/3.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":358239,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6300","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-6300\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6300","metadata":false},{"id":358240,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6301","catch_line":"Liability limited; liability actions prohibited","url":"\/3.2-6301\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6301","metadata":false},{"id":358241,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6302","catch_line":"Liability of ox activity sponsors, ox professionals","url":"\/3.2-6302\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6302","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":358239,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6300","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-6300\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6300","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":358241,"structure_id":51231,"section_number":"3.2-6302","catch_line":"Liability of ox activity sponsors, ox professionals","url":"\/3.2-6302\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6302","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-6301\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1994. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 404<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2008, chapter 860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":358241,"section_number":"3.2-6302","catch_line":"Liability of ox activity sponsors, ox professionals","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-6302\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":358241,"section_number":"3.2-6302","catch_line":"Liability of ox activity sponsors, ox professionals","order_by":null,"url":"\/3.2-6302\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1425433,"object_type":"law","relational_id":358240,"identifier":"3.2-6301","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6301","url":"\/3.2-6301\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-6301\/","token":"3.2\/V\/63\/3.2-6301","dublin_core":{"Title":"Liability limited; liability actions prohibited","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-6301","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Except as provided in § 3.2-6302<\/a>, an ox activity sponsor<\/span> or an ox professional<\/span> shall not be liable for an injury to or death of a participant<\/span> engaged in an ox activity. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Except as provided in § 3.2-6302<\/a>, no participant<\/span> or parent or guardian of a participant<\/span> who has knowingly executed a waiver<\/span> of his rights to sue or agrees to assume all risks specifically enumerated under this subsection may maintain an action against or recover from an ox activity sponsor<\/span> or an ox professional<\/span> for an injury to or the death of a participant<\/span> engaged in an ox activity. The waiver<\/span> shall give notice to the participant<\/span> of the risks inherent in ox activities, including: (i) the propensity of an ox to behave in dangerous ways that may result in injury to the participant<\/span>; (ii) the inability to predict an ox’s reaction to sound, movements, objects<\/span>, persons, or animals<\/span>; and (iii) hazards of surface or subsurface conditions. The waiver<\/span> shall remain valid unless expressly revoked by the participant<\/span> or parent or guardian of a minor<\/span>. In the case of school-sponsored and college-sponsored classes and programs, waivers<\/span> executed by a participant<\/span> or parent or guardian of a participant<\/span> shall apply to all ox activities in which the participant<\/span> is involved in the next succeeding 12-month period unless earlier expressly revoked in writing. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLIABILITY LIMITED; LIABILITY ACTIONS PROHIBITED (\u00a7 3.2-6301)\n\nA. Except as provided in § 3.2-6302, an ox activity sponsor or an ox\nprofessional shall not be liable for an injury to or death of a participant\nengaged in an ox activity.\n\nB. Except as provided in § 3.2-6302, no participant or parent or guardian\nof a participant who has knowingly executed a waiver of his rights to sue or\nagrees to assume all risks specifically enumerated under this subsection may\nmaintain an action against or recover from an ox activity sponsor or an ox\nprofessional for an injury to or the death of a participant engaged in an ox\nactivity. The waiver shall give notice to the participant of the risks inherent\nin ox activities, including: (i) the propensity of an ox to behave in dangerous\nways that may result in injury to the participant; (ii) the inability to predict\nan ox’s reaction to sound, movements, objects, persons, or animals; and\n(iii) hazards of surface or subsurface conditions. The waiver shall remain valid\nunless expressly revoked by the participant or parent or guardian of a minor. In\nthe case of school-sponsored and college-sponsored classes and programs, waivers\nexecuted by a participant or parent or guardian of a participant shall apply to\nall ox activities in which the participant is involved in the next succeeding\n12-month period unless earlier expressly revoked in writing.\n\nHISTORY: 1994, c. 404, \u00a7 3.1-796.135; 2008, c. 860.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}