{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/3.2-4721.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/3.2-4721.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/3.2-4721.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/3.2-4721.html"}],"law_id":357826,"edition_id":2,"section_id":357826,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4721","catch_line":"Investigation of transactions by Commissioner","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 3-544; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-702; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"The Commissioner, upon the verified complaint of any interested party shall, or upon his own motion may, investigate:\n\n1\n\nAny transaction involving solicitation, receipt, sale, or attempted sale of farm products by any person acting or attempting to act as a commission merchant;\n\n2\n\nThe failure of any commission merchant to make proper and true account of sales and settlement as required in this article;\n\n3\n\nAny transaction in which produce consigned to a commission merchant is disposed of to a person composed substantially of the same persons as stockholders, members, or others, who compose the commission merchant;\n\n4\n\nThe intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to condition, grade, or quality of any farm products received or in storage;\n\n5\n\nThe intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to market condition;\n\n6\n\nThe failure of any commission merchant to make payment for farm products within the time required by this article; or\n\n7\n\nAny other injurious transaction arising out of the sale of farm produce on commission.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1331597,"text":"The Commissioner, upon the verified complaint of any interested party shall, or upon his own motion may, investigate:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":1331598,"text":"Any transaction involving solicitation, receipt, sale, or attempted sale of farm products by any person acting or attempting to act as a commission merchant;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":1331599,"text":"The failure of any commission merchant to make proper and true account of sales and settlement as required in this article;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":1331600,"text":"Any transaction in which produce consigned to a commission merchant is disposed of to a person composed substantially of the same persons as stockholders, members, or others, who compose the commission merchant;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":1331601,"text":"The intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to condition, grade, or quality of any farm products received or in storage;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":1331602,"text":"The intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to market condition;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":1331603,"text":"The failure of any commission merchant to make payment for farm products within the time required by this article; or","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":1331604,"text":"Any other injurious transaction arising out of the sale of farm produce on commission.","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6"}},"ancestry":[{"id":51187,"edition_id":2,"name":"Commission Merchants","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51185,"metadata":{"child_laws":29,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:42","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:39","permalink":{"id":1423691,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51187,"identifier":"2","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2","url":"\/3.2\/III\/47\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51185,"edition_id":2,"name":"Sale of Farm Produce","identifier":"47","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":15,"parent_id":51149,"metadata":{"child_laws":76,"child_structures":5},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:41","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:39","permalink":{"id":1423651,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51185,"identifier":"47","token":"3.2\/III\/47","url":"\/3.2\/III\/47\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51149,"edition_id":2,"name":"Production and Sale of Agricultural Products","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":4,"parent_id":51103,"metadata":{"child_laws":398,"child_structures":44},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:09","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:34","permalink":{"id":1422445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51149,"identifier":"III","token":"3.2\/III","url":"\/3.2\/III\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51103,"edition_id":2,"name":"Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food","identifier":"3.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":5,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1194,"child_structures":151},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:37:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:27","permalink":{"id":1420941,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51103,"identifier":"3.2","token":"3.2","url":"\/3.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":357814,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4709","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-4709\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4709","metadata":false},{"id":357815,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4710","catch_line":"Certain activities exempt from article","url":"\/3.2-4710\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4710","metadata":false},{"id":357816,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4711","catch_line":"License required; application for license to be in writing; contents","url":"\/3.2-4711\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4711","metadata":false},{"id":357817,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4712","catch_line":"Fee and bond to accompany license","url":"\/3.2-4712\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4712","metadata":false},{"id":357818,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4713","catch_line":"Applications for renewal licenses","url":"\/3.2-4713\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4713","metadata":false},{"id":357819,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4714","catch_line":"Disposition of sums received for licenses","url":"\/3.2-4714\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4714","metadata":false},{"id":357820,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4715","catch_line":"Certified copy of license; fee; posting of license during sale periods","url":"\/3.2-4715\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4715","metadata":false},{"id":357821,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4716","catch_line":"Bond not required for certain auction sales of livestock","url":"\/3.2-4716\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4716","metadata":false},{"id":357822,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4717","catch_line":"Agreements with U.S. Department of Agriculture; powers and duties of Commissioner as to bonds filed with U.S. Department of Agriculture","url":"\/3.2-4717\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4717","metadata":false},{"id":357823,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4718","catch_line":"Execution and terms of bond; action thereon","url":"\/3.2-4718\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4718","metadata":false},{"id":357824,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4719","catch_line":"Duties and powers of Commissioner with respect to bonds","url":"\/3.2-4719\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4719","metadata":false},{"id":357825,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4720","catch_line":"Schedule of commissions and charges to be filed","url":"\/3.2-4720\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4720","metadata":false},{"id":357826,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4721","catch_line":"Investigation of transactions by Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-4721\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4721","metadata":false},{"id":357827,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4722","catch_line":"Complaint to Commissioner by consignor; Commissioner's action","url":"\/3.2-4722\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4722","metadata":false},{"id":357828,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4723","catch_line":"Right of entry; administration of oaths; testimony","url":"\/3.2-4723\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4723","metadata":false},{"id":357829,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4724","catch_line":"Grounds for refusal or revocation of license","url":"\/3.2-4724\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4724","metadata":false},{"id":357830,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4725","catch_line":"Publication of revocation","url":"\/3.2-4725\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4725","metadata":false},{"id":357831,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4726","catch_line":"Failure to comply with orders of Commissioner constitutes contempt","url":"\/3.2-4726\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4726","metadata":false},{"id":357832,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4727","catch_line":"Copies of papers in Commissioner's office as prima facie evidence","url":"\/3.2-4727\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4727","metadata":false},{"id":357833,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4728","catch_line":"Appeal from orders and actions of Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-4728\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4728","metadata":false},{"id":357834,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4729","catch_line":"Records to be kept by commission merchant","url":"\/3.2-4729\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4729","metadata":false},{"id":357835,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4730","catch_line":"Detailed statements shall be kept of claims for overcharges or damages filed by commission merchant for consignor","url":"\/3.2-4730\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4730","metadata":false},{"id":357836,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4731","catch_line":"Record and account, together with remittance for each sale, to be delivered to consignor","url":"\/3.2-4731\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4731","metadata":false},{"id":357837,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4732","catch_line":"Copies of records to be kept by commission merchant","url":"\/3.2-4732\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4732","metadata":false},{"id":357838,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4733","catch_line":"Certificate establishing condition, quality, and grade to be furnished by Commissioner in event of dispute","url":"\/3.2-4733\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4733","metadata":false},{"id":357839,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4734","catch_line":"Duty of attorney for the Commonwealth","url":"\/3.2-4734\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4734","metadata":false},{"id":357840,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4735","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/3.2-4735\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4735","metadata":false},{"id":357841,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4736","catch_line":"License required","url":"\/3.2-4736\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4736","metadata":false},{"id":357842,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4737","catch_line":"Offenses and punishment","url":"\/3.2-4737\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4737","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":357825,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4720","catch_line":"Schedule of commissions and charges to be filed","url":"\/3.2-4720\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4720","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":357827,"structure_id":51187,"section_number":"3.2-4722","catch_line":"Complaint to Commissioner by consignor; Commissioner's action","url":"\/3.2-4722\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4722","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-4721\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 702; in 2008, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?081+ful+CHAP0860\">860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1423741,"object_type":"law","relational_id":357826,"identifier":"3.2-4721","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4721","url":"\/3.2-4721\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-4721\/","token":"3.2\/III\/47\/2\/3.2-4721","dublin_core":{"Title":"Investigation of transactions by Commissioner","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-4721","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span>, upon the verified complaint of any interested <span class=\"dictionary\">party<\/span> shall, or upon his own <span class=\"dictionary\">motion<\/span> may, investigate:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> Any transaction involving solicitation, receipt, sale, or attempted sale of <span class=\"dictionary\">farm products<\/span> by any person acting or attempting to act as a <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-1331598\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"2\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> The failure of any <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span> to make proper and true account of sales and <span class=\"dictionary\">settlement<\/span> as required in this article; <a id=\"paragraph-1331599\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"3\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">3.<\/span> Any transaction in which produce consigned to a <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span> is disposed of to a person composed substantially of the same persons as stockholders, members, or others, who compose the <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-1331600\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#3\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"4\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">4.<\/span> The intentional making of false statements by a <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span> as to condition, grade, or quality of any <span class=\"dictionary\">farm products<\/span> received or in storage; <a id=\"paragraph-1331601\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#4\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"5\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">5.<\/span> The intentional making of false statements by a <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span> as to market condition; <a id=\"paragraph-1331602\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#5\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"6\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">6.<\/span> The failure of any <span class=\"dictionary\">commission merchant<\/span> to make payment for <span class=\"dictionary\">farm products<\/span> within the time required by this article; or <a id=\"paragraph-1331603\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#6\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"7\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">7.<\/span> Any other injurious transaction arising out of the sale of <span class=\"dictionary\">farm produce<\/span> on commission. <a id=\"paragraph-1331604\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4721\/#7\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINVESTIGATION OF TRANSACTIONS BY COMMISSIONER (\u00a7 3.2-4721)\n\nThe Commissioner, upon the verified complaint of any interested party shall, or\nupon his own motion may, investigate:\n\n1. Any transaction involving solicitation, receipt, sale, or attempted sale of\nfarm products by any person acting or attempting to act as a commission\nmerchant;\n\n2. The failure of any commission merchant to make proper and true account of\nsales and settlement as required in this article;\n\n3. Any transaction in which produce consigned to a commission merchant is\ndisposed of to a person composed substantially of the same persons as\nstockholders, members, or others, who compose the commission merchant;\n\n4. The intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to\ncondition, grade, or quality of any farm products received or in storage;\n\n5. The intentional making of false statements by a commission merchant as to\nmarket condition;\n\n6. The failure of any commission merchant to make payment for farm products\nwithin the time required by this article; or\n\n7. Any other injurious transaction arising out of the sale of farm produce on\ncommission.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 3-544; 1966, c. 702, \u00a7 3.1-702; 2008, c. 860.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}