{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/3.2-4003.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/3.2-4003.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/3.2-4003.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/3.2-4003.html"}],"law_id":357659,"edition_id":2,"section_id":357659,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4003","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Commissioner","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 3-219.9; 1958, c. 483; 1966, cc. 9, 702, \u00a7 3.1-270; 1986, c. 615; 1994, c. 577; 2008, c. 860.","full_text":"The Commissioner may:\n\n1\n\nEstablish and maintain seed-testing facilities;\n\n2\n\nFix and collect fees for testing seeds for farmers and dealers that have requested the tests;\n\n3\n\nEstablish and maintain facilities for the verification of kind and variety;\n\n4\n\nPublish the results of analyses, tests, examinations, studies, and investigations authorized by this article together with any other information he may deem advisable;\n\n5\n\nCooperate with the U.S. Department of Agriculture in seed law enforcement;\n\n6\n\nRequire the registrant of any variety or hybrid offered for sale to furnish: (i) the recognized variety name or recognized hybrid designation of such variety or hybrid; (ii) a 1,000 viable seed sample of such seed; and (iii) the history of its development and the name of the person who developed such variety or hybrid and first introduced it for production and sale;\n\n7\n\nRequire the registration annually of all fields planted for the production of hybrid seed on or before June 20 and provide for inspection of such fields; and\n\n8\n\nAppoint a seed advisory committee.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1331035,"text":"The Commissioner may:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":1331036,"text":"Establish and maintain seed-testing facilities;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":1331037,"text":"Fix and collect fees for testing seeds for farmers and dealers that have requested the tests;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":1331038,"text":"Establish and maintain facilities for the verification of kind and variety;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":1331039,"text":"Publish the results of analyses, tests, examinations, studies, and investigations authorized by this article together with any other information he may deem advisable;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":1331040,"text":"Cooperate with the U.S. Department of Agriculture in seed law enforcement;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":1331041,"text":"Require the registrant of any variety or hybrid offered for sale to furnish: (i) the recognized variety name or recognized hybrid designation of such variety or hybrid; (ii) a 1,000 viable seed sample of such seed; and (iii) the history of its development and the name of the person who developed such variety or hybrid and first introduced it for production and sale;","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":1331042,"text":"Require the registration annually of all fields planted for the production of hybrid seed on or before June 20 and provide for inspection of such fields; and","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6","next_prefix":"8"},"8":{"id":1331043,"text":"Appoint a seed advisory committee.","type":"section","prefixes":["8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"8","prefix_anchor":"8","level":1,"prior_prefix":"7"}},"ancestry":[{"id":51166,"edition_id":2,"name":"Seeds","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":51165,"metadata":{"child_laws":21,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:24","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:37","permalink":{"id":1423057,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51166,"identifier":"1","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1","url":"\/3.2\/III\/40\/1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51165,"edition_id":2,"name":"Seeds","identifier":"40","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":8,"parent_id":51149,"metadata":{"child_laws":28,"child_structures":2},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:24","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:37","permalink":{"id":1423055,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51165,"identifier":"40","token":"3.2\/III\/40","url":"\/3.2\/III\/40\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51149,"edition_id":2,"name":"Production and Sale of Agricultural Products","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":4,"parent_id":51103,"metadata":{"child_laws":398,"child_structures":44},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:38:09","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:34","permalink":{"id":1422445,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51149,"identifier":"III","token":"3.2\/III","url":"\/3.2\/III\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51103,"edition_id":2,"name":"Agriculture, Animal Care, and Food","identifier":"3.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":5,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1194,"child_structures":151},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:37:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:27:27","permalink":{"id":1420941,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51103,"identifier":"3.2","token":"3.2","url":"\/3.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":357656,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4000","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/3.2-4000\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4000","metadata":false},{"id":357657,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4001","catch_line":"Authority of Board to adopt regulations","url":"\/3.2-4001\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4001","metadata":false},{"id":357658,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4002","catch_line":"Authority of Commissioner to adopt regulations","url":"\/3.2-4002\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4002","metadata":false},{"id":357659,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4003","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Commissioner","url":"\/3.2-4003\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4003","metadata":false},{"id":357660,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4004","catch_line":"Seed Fund; established","url":"\/3.2-4004\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4004","metadata":false},{"id":357661,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4005","catch_line":"License required to market seed","url":"\/3.2-4005\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4005","metadata":false},{"id":357662,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4006","catch_line":"Duty to maintain records","url":"\/3.2-4006\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4006","metadata":false},{"id":357663,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4007","catch_line":"Guaranty by seller","url":"\/3.2-4007\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4007","metadata":false},{"id":357664,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4008","catch_line":"Labeling and advertising requirements","url":"\/3.2-4008\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4008","metadata":false},{"id":357665,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4009","catch_line":"Lawn and turf seed mixture; registration and labeling","url":"\/3.2-4009\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4009","metadata":false},{"id":357667,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4010","catch_line":"Lawn and turf seed; inspection fee","url":"\/3.2-4010\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4010","metadata":false},{"id":357668,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4011","catch_line":"Inspection","url":"\/3.2-4011\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4011","metadata":false},{"id":357669,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4012","catch_line":"Stop sale order","url":"\/3.2-4012\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4012","metadata":false},{"id":357670,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4013","catch_line":"Seizure; disposition of seeds","url":"\/3.2-4013\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4013","metadata":false},{"id":357671,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4014","catch_line":"Assessment for variance from guarantee","url":"\/3.2-4014\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4014","metadata":false},{"id":357672,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4015","catch_line":"Prohibitions","url":"\/3.2-4015\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4015","metadata":false},{"id":357673,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4016","catch_line":"Exemptions from certain provisions","url":"\/3.2-4016\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4016","metadata":false},{"id":357674,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4017","catch_line":"Disclaimers, nonwarranties, and limited warranties","url":"\/3.2-4017\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4017","metadata":false},{"id":357675,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4018","catch_line":"Notice of violations; warning","url":"\/3.2-4018\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4018","metadata":false},{"id":357676,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4019","catch_line":"Duty of attorney for Commonwealth","url":"\/3.2-4019\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4019","metadata":false},{"id":357678,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4020","catch_line":"Penalty","url":"\/3.2-4020\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4020","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":357658,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4002","catch_line":"Authority of Commissioner to adopt regulations","url":"\/3.2-4002\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4002","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":357660,"structure_id":51166,"section_number":"3.2-4004","catch_line":"Seed Fund; established","url":"\/3.2-4004\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4004","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/3.2-4003\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1958, chapter 483; in 1966, chapters 9 and 702; in 1986, chapter 615; in 1994, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?941+ful+CHAP0577\">577<\/a>; in 2008, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?081+ful+CHAP0860\">860<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1423071,"object_type":"law","relational_id":357659,"identifier":"3.2-4003","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4003","url":"\/3.2-4003\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/3.2-4003\/","token":"3.2\/III\/40\/1\/3.2-4003","dublin_core":{"Title":"Powers and duties of the Commissioner","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 3.2-4003","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> may:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> Establish and maintain seed-testing facilities; <a id=\"paragraph-1331036\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"2\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> Fix and collect fees for testing seeds for farmers and dealers that have requested the tests; <a id=\"paragraph-1331037\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"3\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">3.<\/span> Establish and maintain facilities for the verification of <span class=\"dictionary\">kind<\/span> and <span class=\"dictionary\">variety<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-1331038\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#3\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"4\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">4.<\/span> Publish the results of analyses, tests, examinations, studies, and investigations authorized by this article together with any other information he may deem advisable; <a id=\"paragraph-1331039\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#4\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"5\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">5.<\/span> Cooperate with the U.S. <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> of Agriculture in seed <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> enforcement; <a id=\"paragraph-1331040\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#5\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"6\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">6.<\/span> Require the <span class=\"dictionary\">registrant<\/span> of any variety or hybrid offered for <span class=\"dictionary\">sale<\/span> to furnish: (i) the <span class=\"dictionary\">recognized variety name<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">recognized hybrid designation<\/span> of such variety or hybrid; (ii) a 1,000 viable seed sample of such seed; and (iii) the history of its development and the name of the person who developed such variety or hybrid and first introduced it for production and <span class=\"dictionary\">sale<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-1331041\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#6\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"7\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">7.<\/span> Require the registration annually of all fields planted for the production of hybrid seed on or before June 20 and provide for inspection of such fields; and <a id=\"paragraph-1331042\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#7\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"8\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">8.<\/span> Appoint a seed advisory committee. <a id=\"paragraph-1331043\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/3.2-4003\/#8\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPOWERS AND DUTIES OF THE COMMISSIONER (\u00a7 3.2-4003)\n\nThe Commissioner may:\n\n1. Establish and maintain seed-testing facilities;\n\n2. Fix and collect fees for testing seeds for farmers and dealers that have\nrequested the tests;\n\n3. Establish and maintain facilities for the verification of kind and variety;\n\n4. Publish the results of analyses, tests, examinations, studies, and\ninvestigations authorized by this article together with any other information he\nmay deem advisable;\n\n5. Cooperate with the U.S. Department of Agriculture in seed law enforcement;\n\n6. Require the registrant of any variety or hybrid offered for sale to furnish:\n(i) the recognized variety name or recognized hybrid designation of such variety\nor hybrid; (ii) a 1,000 viable seed sample of such seed; and (iii) the history\nof its development and the name of the person who developed such variety or\nhybrid and first introduced it for production and sale;\n\n7. Require the registration annually of all fields planted for the production of\nhybrid seed on or before June 20 and provide for inspection of such fields; and\n\n8. Appoint a seed advisory committee.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 3-219.9; 1958, c. 483; 1966, cc. 9, 702, \u00a7 3.1-270;\n1986, c. 615; 1994, c. 577; 2008, c. 860.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}