{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/28.2-1416.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/28.2-1416.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/28.2-1416.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/28.2-1416.html"}],"law_id":356522,"edition_id":2,"section_id":356522,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1416","catch_line":"Investigations and prosecutions","history":"1992, c. 836.","full_text":"The Commission may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches. The Commission may prosecute all violations of any order, rule, or regulation of the Commission or of a wetlands board, or violation of any provision of this chapter. Wetlands boards may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches located within their jurisdiction. Wetlands boards may prosecute all violations of their orders and any violation of any provision of the coastal primary sand dune zoning ordinance which they administer.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1327359,"text":"The Commission may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches. The Commission may prosecute all violations of any order, rule, or regulation of the Commission or of a wetlands board, or violation of any provision of this chapter. Wetlands boards may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches located within their jurisdiction. Wetlands boards may prosecute all violations of their orders and any violation of any provision of the coastal primary sand dune zoning ordinance which they administer.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":51024,"edition_id":2,"name":"Enforcement and Penalties","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":4,"parent_id":51020,"metadata":{"child_laws":5,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:36:14","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:50","permalink":{"id":1419171,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51024,"identifier":"4","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4","url":"\/28.2\/III\/14\/4\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51020,"edition_id":2,"name":"Coastal Primary Sand Dunes and Beaches","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":3,"parent_id":51008,"metadata":{"child_laws":23,"child_structures":4},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:36:13","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:49","permalink":{"id":1419091,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51020,"identifier":"14","token":"28.2\/III\/14","url":"\/28.2\/III\/14\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51008,"edition_id":2,"name":"Habitat","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":3,"parent_id":50994,"metadata":{"child_laws":78,"child_structures":19},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:36:08","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:47","permalink":{"id":1418917,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51008,"identifier":"III","token":"28.2\/III","url":"\/28.2\/III\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50994,"edition_id":2,"name":"Fisheries and Habitat of the Tidal Waters","identifier":"28.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":70,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":386,"child_structures":71},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:36:05","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:41","permalink":{"id":1417591,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50994,"identifier":"28.2","token":"28.2","url":"\/28.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":356522,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1416","catch_line":"Investigations and prosecutions","url":"\/28.2-1416\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1416","metadata":false},{"id":356523,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1417","catch_line":"Monitoring, inspections, compliance, and restoration","url":"\/28.2-1417\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1417","metadata":false},{"id":356524,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1418","catch_line":"Violations; penalty","url":"\/28.2-1418\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1418","metadata":false},{"id":356525,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1419","catch_line":"Injunctions","url":"\/28.2-1419\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1419","metadata":false},{"id":356526,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1420","catch_line":"Penalties","url":"\/28.2-1420\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1420","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":356523,"structure_id":51024,"section_number":"28.2-1417","catch_line":"Monitoring, inspections, compliance, and restoration","url":"\/28.2-1417\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1417","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/28.2-1416\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1992. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 836 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1992 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":[{"id":356523,"section_number":"28.2-1417","catch_line":"Monitoring, inspections, compliance, and restoration","order_by":null,"url":"\/28.2-1417\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1419173,"object_type":"law","relational_id":356522,"identifier":"28.2-1416","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1416","url":"\/28.2-1416\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/28.2-1416\/","token":"28.2\/III\/14\/4\/28.2-1416","dublin_core":{"Title":"Investigations and prosecutions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 28.2-1416","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commission<\/span> may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches. The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commission<\/span> may <span class=\"dictionary\">prosecute<\/span> all violations of any <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span>, rule, or regulation of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commission<\/span> or of a wetlands board, or violation of any provision of this chapter. Wetlands boards may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches located within their <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span>. Wetlands boards may <span class=\"dictionary\">prosecute<\/span> all violations of their <span class=\"dictionary\">orders<\/span> and any violation of any provision of the coastal primary sand dune zoning <span class=\"dictionary\">ordinance<\/span> which they administer.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINVESTIGATIONS AND PROSECUTIONS (\u00a7 28.2-1416)\n\nThe Commission may investigate all projects, whether proposed or ongoing, which\nalter dunes or beaches. The Commission may prosecute all violations of any\norder, rule, or regulation of the Commission or of a wetlands board, or\nviolation of any provision of this chapter. Wetlands boards may investigate all\nprojects, whether proposed or ongoing, which alter dunes or beaches located\nwithin their jurisdiction. Wetlands boards may prosecute all violations of their\norders and any violation of any provision of the coastal primary sand dune\nzoning ordinance which they administer.\n\nHISTORY: 1992, c. 836.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}