{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/23.1-404.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/23.1-404.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/23.1-404.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/23.1-404.html"}],"law_id":355478,"edition_id":2,"section_id":355478,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-404","catch_line":"Retention of student birth certificates authorized","history":"2007, c. 49, \u00a7 23-2.1:2; 2016, c. 588.","full_text":"Any public institution of higher education that requests that an applicant who has been accepted for admission present a certified copy of his birth certificate as a condition of enrollment may retain a copy of the birth certificate in the student&#8217;s record.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1323836,"text":"Any public institution of higher education that requests that an applicant who has been accepted for admission present a certified copy of his birth certificate as a condition of enrollment may retain a copy of the birth certificate in the student&#8217;s record.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":50856,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":50855,"metadata":{"child_laws":21,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:34:08","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:14","permalink":{"id":1411851,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50856,"identifier":"4","token":"23.1\/II\/4","url":"\/23.1\/II\/4\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50855,"edition_id":2,"name":"Students and Campus","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":50782,"metadata":{"child_laws":155,"child_structures":22},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:34:08","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:14","permalink":{"id":1411849,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50855,"identifier":"II","token":"23.1\/II","url":"\/23.1\/II\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50782,"edition_id":2,"name":"Institutions of Higher Education; Other Educational and Cultural Institutions","identifier":"23.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":62,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":594,"child_structures":95},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:33:18","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:13","permalink":{"id":1411583,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50782,"identifier":"23.1","token":"23.1","url":"\/23.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":355471,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-400","catch_line":"Student organizations; rights and recognition","url":"\/23.1-400\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-400","metadata":false},{"id":355475,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-401","catch_line":"Restrictions on student speech; limitations","url":"\/23.1-401\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-401","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355472,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-401.1","catch_line":"Constitutionally protected speech; policies, materials, and reports; report","url":"\/23.1-401.1\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-401.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355473,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-401.2","catch_line":"Student journalists; freedom of speech and the press","url":"\/23.1-401.2\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-401.2","metadata":false},{"id":355474,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-401.3","catch_line":"Individuals with disabilities; documentation or evidence; accommodations","url":"\/23.1-401.3\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-401.3","metadata":false},{"id":355476,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-402","catch_line":"Collection and dissemination of information concerning religious preferences and affiliations","url":"\/23.1-402\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-402","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355477,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-403","catch_line":"Access to campus and student directory provided to certain persons and groups","url":"\/23.1-403\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-403","metadata":false},{"id":355478,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-404","catch_line":"Retention of student birth certificates authorized","url":"\/23.1-404\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-404","metadata":false},{"id":355479,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-405","catch_line":"Student records and personal information; social media","url":"\/23.1-405\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-405","metadata":false},{"id":355480,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-406","catch_line":"Reporting of certain students issued student visas","url":"\/23.1-406\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-406","metadata":false},{"id":355483,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-407","catch_line":"Reporting of enrollment information to Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry","url":"\/23.1-407\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-407","metadata":false},{"id":355481,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-407.1","catch_line":"Admissions applications; criminal history","url":"\/23.1-407.1\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-407.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355482,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-407.2","catch_line":"Admissions applications; legacy admissions and admissions based on donor status prohibited","url":"\/23.1-407.2\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-407.2","metadata":false},{"id":355485,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-408","catch_line":"Annual reporting of the use of student fees","url":"\/23.1-408\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-408","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355484,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-408.1","catch_line":"Intercollegiate athletics; student-athletes; compensation and representation for name, image, or likeness","url":"\/23.1-408.1\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-408.1","metadata":false},{"id":355488,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-409","catch_line":"Transparency in higher education information","url":"\/23.1-409\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-409","metadata":false},{"id":355486,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-409.1","catch_line":"Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; notice to students","url":"\/23.1-409.1\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-409.1","metadata":false},{"id":355487,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-409.2","catch_line":"Hunger-Free Campus Food Pantry Grant Program","url":"\/23.1-409.2\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-409.2","metadata":false},{"id":355489,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-410","catch_line":"Student loan vendors","url":"\/23.1-410\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-410","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":355490,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-411","catch_line":"Federal student loan information","url":"\/23.1-411\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-411","metadata":false},{"id":355491,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-412","catch_line":"Non-academic student codes of conduct","url":"\/23.1-412\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-412","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":355477,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-403","catch_line":"Access to campus and student directory provided to certain persons and groups","url":"\/23.1-403\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-403","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":355479,"structure_id":50856,"section_number":"23.1-405","catch_line":"Student records and personal information; social media","url":"\/23.1-405\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-405","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/23.1-404\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2007. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?071+ful+CHAP0049\">49<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2016, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?161+ful+CHAP0588\">588<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":355039,"section_number":"23.1-1006","catch_line":"Management agreement; contents and scope","order_by":null,"url":"\/23.1-1006\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1411881,"object_type":"law","relational_id":355478,"identifier":"23.1-404","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-404","url":"\/23.1-404\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/23.1-404\/","token":"23.1\/II\/4\/23.1-404","dublin_core":{"Title":"Retention of student birth certificates authorized","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 23.1-404","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any <span class=\"dictionary\">public institution of higher education<\/span> that requests that an applicant who has been accepted for admission present a certified copy of his birth certificate as a condition of enrollment may retain a copy of the birth certificate in the student&#8217;s record.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nRETENTION OF STUDENT BIRTH CERTIFICATES AUTHORIZED (\u00a7 23.1-404)\n\nAny public institution of higher education that requests that an applicant who\nhas been accepted for admission present a certified copy of his birth\ncertificate as a condition of enrollment may retain a copy of the birth\ncertificate in the student&#8217;s record.\n\nHISTORY: 2007, c. 49, \u00a7 23-2.1:2; 2016, c. 588.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}