{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/22.1-82.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/22.1-82.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/22.1-82.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/22.1-82.html"}],"law_id":355004,"edition_id":2,"section_id":355004,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-82","catch_line":"Employment of counsel to advise or defend school boards and officials; payment of costs, expenses and liabilities; consent of governing bodies required prior to institution of proceedings","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 22-56.1, 22-72; 1954, c. 289; 1956, Ex. Sess., cc. 60, 63; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, \u00a7 1; 1966, c. 691; 1970, c. 71; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 161; 1972, c. 511; 1973, cc. 134, 299; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1980, c. 559.","full_text":"A\n\nNotwithstanding any other provision of law, the attorney for the Commonwealth or other counsel may be employed by a school board to advise it concerning any legal matter or to represent it, any member thereof or any school official in any legal proceeding to which the school board, member or official may be a party, when such proceeding is instituted by or against it or against the member or official by virtue of his actions in connection with his duties as such member or official.\n\nB\n\nAll costs and expenses of such advice and all costs, expenses and liabilities of such proceedings shall be paid out of funds appropriated to the school board.\n\nC\n\nA school board shall, prior to instituting any legal action or proceeding against any other governmental agency in Virginia or expending any funds therefor, first secure the authorization of the governing body of the county, city or town constituting the school division or the governing bodies of the counties or cities in the school division if the division is composed of more than one county or city except as to legal actions or proceedings arising between the school board and the governing body or bodies.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1321900,"text":"Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the attorney for the Commonwealth or other counsel may be employed by a school board to advise it concerning any legal matter or to represent it, any member thereof or any school official in any legal proceeding to which the school board, member or official may be a party, when such proceeding is instituted by or against it or against the member or official by virtue of his actions in connection with his duties as such member or official.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1321901,"text":"All costs and expenses of such advice and all costs, expenses and liabilities of such proceedings shall be paid out of funds appropriated to the school board.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":1321902,"text":"A school board shall, prior to instituting any legal action or proceeding against any other governmental agency in Virginia or expending any funds therefor, first secure the authorization of the governing body of the county, city or town constituting the school division or the governing bodies of the counties or cities in the school division if the division is composed of more than one county or city except as to legal actions or proceedings arising between the school board and the governing body or bodies.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":50781,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Powers and Duties of School Boards","identifier":"7","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":8,"parent_id":50682,"metadata":{"child_laws":29,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:33:12","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:00","permalink":{"id":1411097,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50781,"identifier":"7","token":"22.1\/7","url":"\/22.1\/7\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50682,"edition_id":2,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":60,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":858,"child_structures":99},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:31:28","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:57","permalink":{"id":1407951,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50682,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":354981,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-71","catch_line":"School board constitutes body corporate; corporate powers","url":"\/22.1-71\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-71","metadata":false},{"id":354982,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-72","catch_line":"Annual organizational meetings of school boards","url":"\/22.1-72\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-72","metadata":false},{"id":354983,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-73","catch_line":"Quorum","url":"\/22.1-73\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-73","metadata":false},{"id":354984,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-74","catch_line":"Minutes of meetings","url":"\/22.1-74\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-74","metadata":false},{"id":354985,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-75","catch_line":"Procedure in case of tie vote","url":"\/22.1-75\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-75","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":354986,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-76","catch_line":"Chairman; clerk; vice-chairman; deputy clerk; terms; compensation and bonds of clerk and deputy clerk; officers ineligible to serve as clerk and deputy clerk; approval of division superintendent's designee","url":"\/22.1-76\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-76","metadata":false},{"id":354987,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-77","catch_line":"Duties of clerk","url":"\/22.1-77\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-77","metadata":false},{"id":354988,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-78","catch_line":"Bylaws and regulations","url":"\/22.1-78\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-78","metadata":false},{"id":355000,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79","catch_line":"Powers and duties","url":"\/22.1-79\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79","metadata":false},{"id":354989,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.1","catch_line":"Opening of the school year; approvals for certain alternative schedules","url":"\/22.1-79.1\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.1","metadata":false},{"id":354990,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.2","catch_line":"Uniforms in public schools; Board of Education guidelines","url":"\/22.1-79.2\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.2","metadata":false},{"id":354991,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.3","catch_line":"Policies regarding certain activities","url":"\/22.1-79.3\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.3","metadata":false},{"id":354992,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.3:1","catch_line":"Student cell phone and smart device possession and use policies; development and implementation","url":"\/22.1-79.3_1\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.3_1","metadata":false},{"id":354993,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.4","catch_line":"Threat assessment teams and oversight committees","url":"\/22.1-79.4\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.4","metadata":false},{"id":354994,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.5","catch_line":"Policy regarding retail tobacco products and hemp products intended for smoking","url":"\/22.1-79.5\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.5","metadata":false},{"id":354995,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.6","catch_line":"Employee lactation support policy","url":"\/22.1-79.6\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.6","metadata":false},{"id":354996,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.7","catch_line":"School meal policies; donations","url":"\/22.1-79.7\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.7","metadata":false},{"id":354997,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.7:1","catch_line":"School meals; availability to students","url":"\/22.1-79.7_1\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.7_1","metadata":false},{"id":354998,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.8","catch_line":"Policies regarding job assistance for certain persons","url":"\/22.1-79.8\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.8","metadata":false},{"id":354999,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-79.9","catch_line":"Promotion of broadband services for educational purposes","url":"\/22.1-79.9\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-79.9","metadata":false},{"id":355002,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-80","catch_line":"Development of park areas adjacent to public schools","url":"\/22.1-80\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-80","metadata":false},{"id":355003,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-81","catch_line":"Annual report","url":"\/22.1-81\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-81","metadata":false},{"id":355004,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-82","catch_line":"Employment of counsel to advise or defend school boards and officials; payment of costs, expenses and liabilities; consent of governing bodies required prior to institution of proceedings","url":"\/22.1-82\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-82","metadata":false},{"id":355005,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-83","catch_line":"Payment of employee's legal fees and expenses","url":"\/22.1-83\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-83","metadata":false},{"id":355006,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-84","catch_line":"Insurance","url":"\/22.1-84\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-84","metadata":false},{"id":355007,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-85","catch_line":"Fund for payment of hospital, medical, etc., services provided officers, employees and dependents","url":"\/22.1-85\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-85","metadata":false},{"id":355009,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-86","catch_line":"Meetings of people of school division; local committees","url":"\/22.1-86\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-86","metadata":false},{"id":355008,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-86.1","catch_line":"Appointment of student representatives to local school boards","url":"\/22.1-86.1\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-86.1","metadata":false},{"id":355010,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-87","catch_line":"Judicial review","url":"\/22.1-87\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-87","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":355003,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-81","catch_line":"Annual report","url":"\/22.1-81\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-81","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":355005,"structure_id":50781,"section_number":"22.1-83","catch_line":"Payment of employee's legal fees and expenses","url":"\/22.1-83\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-83","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-82\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 7 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1954, chapter 289; in 1966, chapter 691; in 1970, chapter 71; in 1972, chapter 511; in 1973, chapters 134 and 299; in 1975, chapters 308 and 328; in 1980, chapter 559.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1411187,"object_type":"law","relational_id":355004,"identifier":"22.1-82","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-82","url":"\/22.1-82\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-82\/","token":"22.1\/7\/22.1-82","dublin_core":{"Title":"Employment of counsel to advise or defend school boards and officials; payment of costs, expenses and liabilities; consent of governing bodies required prior to institution of proceedings","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-82","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Notwithstanding any other provision of <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>, the attorney for the Commonwealth or other <span class=\"dictionary\">counsel<\/span> may be employed by a <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> to advise it concerning any legal matter or to represent it, any member thereof or any school official in any legal proceeding to which the <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span>, member or official may be a <span class=\"dictionary\">party<\/span>, when such proceeding is instituted by or against it or against the member or official by virtue of his actions in connection with his duties as such member or official. <a id=\"paragraph-1321900\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/22.1-82\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> All costs and expenses of such advice and all costs, expenses and liabilities of such proceedings shall be paid out of funds appropriated to the <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-1321901\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/22.1-82\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> A <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> shall, prior to instituting any legal action or proceeding against any other governmental agency in Virginia or expending any funds therefor, first secure the authorization of the <span class=\"dictionary\">governing body<\/span> of the county, city or town constituting the school division or the governing bodies of the counties or cities in the school division if the division is composed of more than one county or city except as to legal actions or proceedings arising between the <span class=\"dictionary\">school board<\/span> and the <span class=\"dictionary\">governing body<\/span> or bodies. <a id=\"paragraph-1321902\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/22.1-82\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEMPLOYMENT OF COUNSEL TO ADVISE OR DEFEND SCHOOL BOARDS AND OFFICIALS; PAYMENT\nOF COSTS, EXPENSES AND LIABILITIES; CONSENT OF GOVERNING BODIES REQUIRED PRIOR\nTO INSTITUTION OF PROCEEDINGS (\u00a7 22.1-82)\n\nA. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the attorney for the Commonwealth\nor other counsel may be employed by a school board to advise it concerning any\nlegal matter or to represent it, any member thereof or any school official in\nany legal proceeding to which the school board, member or official may be a\nparty, when such proceeding is instituted by or against it or against the member\nor official by virtue of his actions in connection with his duties as such\nmember or official.\n\nB. All costs and expenses of such advice and all costs, expenses and liabilities\nof such proceedings shall be paid out of funds appropriated to the school board.\n\nC. A school board shall, prior to instituting any legal action or proceeding\nagainst any other governmental agency in Virginia or expending any funds\ntherefor, first secure the authorization of the governing body of the county,\ncity or town constituting the school division or the governing bodies of the\ncounties or cities in the school division if the division is composed of more\nthan one county or city except as to legal actions or proceedings arising\nbetween the school board and the governing body or bodies.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 22-56.1, 22-72; 1954, c. 289; 1956, Ex. Sess., cc. 60,\n63; 1959, Ex. Sess., c. 79, \u00a7 1; 1966, c. 691; 1970, c. 71; 1971, Ex. Sess., c.\n161; 1972, c. 511; 1973, cc. 134, 299; 1975, cc. 308, 328; 1980, c. 559.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}