{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/22.1-212.5.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/22.1-212.5.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/22.1-212.5.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/22.1-212.5.html"}],"law_id":354462,"edition_id":2,"section_id":354462,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.5","catch_line":"Objectives; definitions","history":"1998, cc. 748, 890; 2000, cc. 631, 712, 1028; 2004, c. 530; 2005, c. 928.","full_text":"A\n\nIn order to (i) stimulate the development of innovative programs within public education; (ii) provide opportunities for innovative instruction and assessment; (iii) provide parents and students with more options within their school divisions; (iv) provide teachers with a vehicle for establishing schools with alternative innovative instruction and school scheduling, management and structure; (v) encourage the use of performance-based educational programs; (vi) establish high standards for both teachers and administrators; and (vii) develop models for replication in other public schools, public charter schools may be established in Virginia as provided in this article.\n\nB\n\nAs used in this article:\n\t\t\t“At-risk pupil” means a student having a physical, emotional, intellectual, socioeconomic, or cultural risk factor, as defined in Board of Education criteria, which research indicates may negatively influence educational success.\n\n\t\t\t“Public charter school” means a public, nonreligious, or non-home-based alternative school located within a public school division. A public charter school may be created as a new public school or through the conversion of all or part of an existing public school; however, no public charter school shall be established through the conversion of a private school or a nonpublic home-based educational program. A charter school for at-risk pupils may be established as a residential school.\n\n\t\t\t“Regional public charter school” means a public charter school operated by two or more school boards and chartered directly by the participating school boards.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1319488,"text":"In order to (i) stimulate the development of innovative programs within public education; (ii) provide opportunities for innovative instruction and assessment; (iii) provide parents and students with more options within their school divisions; (iv) provide teachers with a vehicle for establishing schools with alternative innovative instruction and school scheduling, management and structure; (v) encourage the use of performance-based educational programs; (vi) establish high standards for both teachers and administrators; and (vii) develop models for replication in other public schools, public charter schools may be established in Virginia as provided in this article.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1319489,"text":"As used in this article:\n\t\t\t“At-risk pupil” means a student having a physical, emotional, intellectual, socioeconomic, or cultural risk factor, as defined in Board of Education criteria, which research indicates may negatively influence educational success.\t\t\t“Public charter school” means a public, nonreligious, or non-home-based alternative school located within a public school division. A public charter school may be created as a new public school or through the conversion of all or part of an existing public school; however, no public charter school shall be established through the conversion of a private school or a nonpublic home-based educational program. A charter school for at-risk pupils may be established as a residential school.\t\t\t“Regional public charter school” means a public charter school operated by two or more school boards and chartered directly by the participating school boards.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":50708,"edition_id":2,"name":"Establishment of Charter Schools","identifier":"1.2","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":3,"parent_id":50705,"metadata":{"child_laws":15,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:31:58","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:03","permalink":{"id":1408717,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50708,"identifier":"1.2","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2","url":"\/22.1\/13\/1.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50705,"edition_id":2,"name":"Programs, Courses of Instruction and Textbooks","identifier":"13","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":14,"parent_id":50682,"metadata":{"child_laws":172,"child_structures":13},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:31:46","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:03","permalink":{"id":1408371,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50705,"identifier":"13","token":"22.1\/13","url":"\/22.1\/13\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50682,"edition_id":2,"name":"Education","identifier":"22.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":60,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":858,"child_structures":99},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:31:28","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:57","permalink":{"id":1407951,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50682,"identifier":"22.1","token":"22.1","url":"\/22.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":354436,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.10","catch_line":"Reconsideration and technical assistance; review by Board","url":"\/22.1-212.10\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.10","metadata":false},{"id":354437,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.11","catch_line":"Public charter school restrictions","url":"\/22.1-212.11\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.11","metadata":false},{"id":354438,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.12","catch_line":"Public charter school term; renewals and revocations","url":"\/22.1-212.12\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.12","metadata":false},{"id":354439,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.13","catch_line":"Employment of professional, licensed personnel","url":"\/22.1-212.13\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.13","metadata":false},{"id":354440,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.14","catch_line":"Funding of public charter schools; services provided","url":"\/22.1-212.14\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.14","metadata":false},{"id":354441,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.15","catch_line":"Report of public charter schools","url":"\/22.1-212.15\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.15","metadata":false},{"id":354442,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.16","catch_line":"Immunity","url":"\/22.1-212.16\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.16","metadata":false},{"id":354462,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.5","catch_line":"Objectives; definitions","url":"\/22.1-212.5\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.5","metadata":false},{"id":354463,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.5:1","catch_line":"Public Charter School Fund established","url":"\/22.1-212.5_1\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.5_1","metadata":false},{"id":354464,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.6","catch_line":"Establishment and operation of public charter schools; requirements","url":"\/22.1-212.6\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.6","metadata":false},{"id":354465,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.6:1","catch_line":"Applicability of other laws, regulations, policies, and procedures","url":"\/22.1-212.6_1\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.6_1","metadata":false},{"id":354466,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.7","catch_line":"Contracts for public charter schools","url":"\/22.1-212.7\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.7","metadata":false},{"id":354467,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.8","catch_line":"Charter application","url":"\/22.1-212.8\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.8","metadata":false},{"id":354468,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.8:1","catch_line":"Innovation Technical Advisory Group","url":"\/22.1-212.8_1\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.8_1","metadata":false},{"id":354469,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.9","catch_line":"Review of public charter school applications","url":"\/22.1-212.9\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":354442,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.16","catch_line":"Immunity","url":"\/22.1-212.16\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.16","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":354463,"structure_id":50708,"section_number":"22.1-212.5:1","catch_line":"Public Charter School Fund established","url":"\/22.1-212.5_1\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.5_1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/22.1-212.5\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1998. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 748<\/a> and 890<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2000, chapters 631<\/a>, 712<\/a>, and 1028<\/a>; in 2004, chapter 530<\/a>; in 2005, chapter 928<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":354566,"section_number":"22.1-26","catch_line":"Joint and regional schools; regional public charter schools","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-26\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1408747,"object_type":"law","relational_id":354462,"identifier":"22.1-212.5","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.5","url":"\/22.1-212.5\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/22.1-212.5\/","token":"22.1\/13\/1.2\/22.1-212.5","dublin_core":{"Title":"Objectives; definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 22.1-212.5","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> In order<\/span> to (i) stimulate the development of innovative programs within public education; (ii) provide opportunities for innovative instruction and assessment; (iii) provide parents<\/span> and students with more options within their school divisions; (iv) provide teachers with a vehicle for establishing schools with alternative innovative instruction and school scheduling, management and structure; (v) encourage the use of performance-based educational programs; (vi) establish high standards for both teachers and administrators; and (vii) develop models for replication in other public schools, public charter schools<\/span> may be established in Virginia as provided in this article. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> As used in this article:\n\t\t\t“At-risk pupil<\/span>” means a student having a physical, emotional, intellectual, socioeconomic, or cultural risk factor, as defined in Board<\/span> of Education criteria, which research indicates may negatively influence educational success.

\t\t\t“Public charter school<\/span>” means a public, nonreligious, or non-home-based alternative school located within a public school division. A public charter school<\/span> may be created as a new public school or through the conversion of all or part of an existing public school; however, no public charter school<\/span> shall be established through the conversion of a private school or a nonpublic home-based educational program. A charter school for at-risk pupils<\/span> may be established as a residential school.

\t\t\t“Regional public charter school<\/span>” means a public charter school<\/span> operated by two or more school boards<\/span> and chartered directly by the participating school boards<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nOBJECTIVES; DEFINITIONS (\u00a7 22.1-212.5)\n\nA. In order to (i) stimulate the development of innovative programs within\npublic education; (ii) provide opportunities for innovative instruction and\nassessment; (iii) provide parents and students with more options within their\nschool divisions; (iv) provide teachers with a vehicle for establishing schools\nwith alternative innovative instruction and school scheduling, management and\nstructure; (v) encourage the use of performance-based educational programs; (vi)\nestablish high standards for both teachers and administrators; and (vii) develop\nmodels for replication in other public schools, public charter schools may be\nestablished in Virginia as provided in this article.\n\nB. As used in this article:\n\t\t\t“At-risk pupil” means a student having a physical, emotional,\nintellectual, socioeconomic, or cultural risk factor, as defined in Board of\nEducation criteria, which research indicates may negatively influence\neducational success.\t\t\t“Public charter school” means a public,\nnonreligious, or non-home-based alternative school located within a public\nschool division. A public charter school may be created as a new public school\nor through the conversion of all or part of an existing public school; however,\nno public charter school shall be established through the conversion of a\nprivate school or a nonpublic home-based educational program. A charter school\nfor at-risk pupils may be established as a residential school.\t\t\t“Regional\npublic charter school” means a public charter school operated by two or\nmore school boards and chartered directly by the participating school boards.\n\nHISTORY: 1998, cc. 748, 890; 2000, cc. 631, 712, 1028; 2004, c. 530; 2005, c.\n928.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}