{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/21-307.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/21-307.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/21-307.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/21-307.html"}],"law_id":354046,"edition_id":2,"section_id":354046,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-307","catch_line":"Publication against unknown owners","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 1740; 1926, p. 608.","full_text":"If, at the time of the filing of the petition, or at any time subsequent thereto, it shall be made to appear to the court, or the judge thereof in vacation, by affidavit or otherwise, that the owner or owners of the whole or any share of any tract or tracts of land affected or within the bounds of the proposed drainage district, whose names are unknown, and cannot, after due diligence, be ascertained by the petitioners, the court or the judge thereof, shall order a notice in the nature of a summons to be given to all such persons by publication of the petition, or of the substance thereof, and describing generally the tract or tracts of land as to which the owner or owners are unknown, with the order of the court or the judge thereof thereon, in some newspaper published in the county wherein the land is located or in any city within the geographical limits of the county. If no newspaper shall be published in the county or city, then in some newspaper designated in the order of the court or the judge thereof, and a copy of such publication shall also be posted in at least three conspicuous places within the boundaries of the proposed district, and at the courthouse door of the county. Such publication in a newspaper shall be made once a week for four successive weeks.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1318545,"text":"If, at the time of the filing of the petition, or at any time subsequent thereto, it shall be made to appear to the court, or the judge thereof in vacation, by affidavit or otherwise, that the owner or owners of the whole or any share of any tract or tracts of land affected or within the bounds of the proposed drainage district, whose names are unknown, and cannot, after due diligence, be ascertained by the petitioners, the court or the judge thereof, shall order a notice in the nature of a summons to be given to all such persons by publication of the petition, or of the substance thereof, and describing generally the tract or tracts of land as to which the owner or owners are unknown, with the order of the court or the judge thereof thereon, in some newspaper published in the county wherein the land is located or in any city within the geographical limits of the county. If no newspaper shall be published in the county or city, then in some newspaper designated in the order of the court or the judge thereof, and a copy of such publication shall also be posted in at least three conspicuous places within the boundaries of the proposed district, and at the courthouse door of the county. Such publication in a newspaper shall be made once a week for four successive weeks.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":50679,"edition_id":2,"name":"Drainage Projects","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":6,"parent_id":50656,"metadata":{"child_laws":137,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:31:13","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:57","permalink":{"id":1407369,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50679,"identifier":"6","token":"21\/6","url":"\/21\/6\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50656,"edition_id":2,"name":"Drainage, Soil Conservation, Sanitation and Public Facilities Districts","identifier":"21","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":58,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":358,"child_structures":25},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:30:49","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:54","permalink":{"id":1406467,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50656,"identifier":"21","token":"21","url":"\/21\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":354031,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-292","catch_line":"Jurisdiction of circuit courts to establish projects","url":"\/21-292\/","token":"21\/6\/21-292","metadata":false},{"id":354030,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-292.1","catch_line":"\"District\" means \"project.\"","url":"\/21-292.1\/","token":"21\/6\/21-292.1","metadata":false},{"id":354032,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-293","catch_line":"Drainage considered essential","url":"\/21-293\/","token":"21\/6\/21-293","metadata":false},{"id":354033,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-294","catch_line":"Establishment considered public improvement","url":"\/21-294\/","token":"21\/6\/21-294","metadata":false},{"id":354034,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-295","catch_line":"Form of petition; 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amount of assessment to depend on benefits","url":"\/21-371\/","token":"21\/6\/21-371","metadata":false},{"id":354111,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-372","catch_line":"Signing rolls","url":"\/21-372\/","token":"21\/6\/21-372","metadata":false},{"id":354112,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-373","catch_line":"Disposition of rolls","url":"\/21-373\/","token":"21\/6\/21-373","metadata":false},{"id":354113,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-374","catch_line":"Assessment shall have effect of judgment and constitute lien","url":"\/21-374\/","token":"21\/6\/21-374","metadata":false},{"id":354114,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-375","catch_line":"When assessment due and payable; when delinquent","url":"\/21-375\/","token":"21\/6\/21-375","metadata":false},{"id":354115,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-376","catch_line":"Interest from delinquency; penalty","url":"\/21-376\/","token":"21\/6\/21-376","metadata":false},{"id":354116,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-377","catch_line":"Notice of sale of delinquent land","url":"\/21-377\/","token":"21\/6\/21-377","metadata":false},{"id":354117,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-378","catch_line":"Place of sale when land lies in more than one county","url":"\/21-378\/","token":"21\/6\/21-378","metadata":false},{"id":354118,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-379","catch_line":"Time of sale of delinquent lands","url":"\/21-379\/","token":"21\/6\/21-379","metadata":false},{"id":354119,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-380","catch_line":"Redemption of delinquent lands sold","url":"\/21-380\/","token":"21\/6\/21-380","metadata":false},{"id":354120,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-381","catch_line":"Sufficiency of bids at delinquent sales","url":"\/21-381\/","token":"21\/6\/21-381","metadata":false},{"id":354121,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-382","catch_line":"Rights of board of viewers at sale","url":"\/21-382\/","token":"21\/6\/21-382","metadata":false},{"id":354122,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-383","catch_line":"Who may redeem","url":"\/21-383\/","token":"21\/6\/21-383","metadata":false},{"id":354123,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-384","catch_line":"Board of viewers to pay treasurer","url":"\/21-384\/","token":"21\/6\/21-384","metadata":false},{"id":354124,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-385","catch_line":"Effect when board of viewers acquires land at sale","url":"\/21-385\/","token":"21\/6\/21-385","metadata":false},{"id":354125,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-386","catch_line":"Sale and collection according to general law","url":"\/21-386\/","token":"21\/6\/21-386","metadata":false},{"id":354126,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-387","catch_line":"Deed to purchaser","url":"\/21-387\/","token":"21\/6\/21-387","metadata":false},{"id":354127,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-388","catch_line":"Duty of treasurer to make payments of interest and principal of bonds","url":"\/21-388\/","token":"21\/6\/21-388","metadata":false},{"id":354128,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-389","catch_line":"Change of assessment rolls on change of ownership of lands","url":"\/21-389\/","token":"21\/6\/21-389","metadata":false},{"id":354129,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-390","catch_line":"Law governing sales","url":"\/21-390\/","token":"21\/6\/21-390","metadata":false},{"id":354130,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-391","catch_line":"Notice of redemption","url":"\/21-391\/","token":"21\/6\/21-391","metadata":false},{"id":354131,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-392","catch_line":"Repayment to purchasers on redemption; deed on failure to redeem","url":"\/21-392\/","token":"21\/6\/21-392","metadata":false},{"id":354132,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-393","catch_line":"Notice of issuance of bonds","url":"\/21-393\/","token":"21\/6\/21-393","metadata":false},{"id":354133,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-394","catch_line":"Payment of full amount by landowner","url":"\/21-394\/","token":"21\/6\/21-394","metadata":false},{"id":354134,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-395","catch_line":"Defense; waiver","url":"\/21-395\/","token":"21\/6\/21-395","metadata":false},{"id":354135,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-396","catch_line":"Issuing bonds; amount","url":"\/21-396\/","token":"21\/6\/21-396","metadata":false},{"id":354136,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-397","catch_line":"Interest and maturity of bonds","url":"\/21-397\/","token":"21\/6\/21-397","metadata":false},{"id":354137,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-398","catch_line":"Sale of bonds and disposition of proceeds","url":"\/21-398\/","token":"21\/6\/21-398","metadata":false},{"id":354138,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-399","catch_line":"Same; records","url":"\/21-399\/","token":"21\/6\/21-399","metadata":false},{"id":354140,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-400","catch_line":"Right of holders on default","url":"\/21-400\/","token":"21\/6\/21-400","metadata":false},{"id":354139,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-400.1","catch_line":"Bonds mutilated, lost or destroyed","url":"\/21-400.1\/","token":"21\/6\/21-400.1","metadata":false},{"id":354141,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-401","catch_line":"Exemption of bonds from taxation","url":"\/21-401\/","token":"21\/6\/21-401","metadata":false},{"id":354142,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-402","catch_line":"Changing assessments to conform to judgment","url":"\/21-402\/","token":"21\/6\/21-402","metadata":false},{"id":354143,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-403","catch_line":"Ratio of relevy","url":"\/21-403\/","token":"21\/6\/21-403","metadata":false},{"id":354144,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-404","catch_line":"Payment of assessments from proceeds of sale of land","url":"\/21-404\/","token":"21\/6\/21-404","metadata":false},{"id":354145,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-405","catch_line":"Procedure when value of land not equal to future assessments","url":"\/21-405\/","token":"21\/6\/21-405","metadata":false},{"id":354146,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-406","catch_line":"Surplus in hands of treasurer","url":"\/21-406\/","token":"21\/6\/21-406","metadata":false},{"id":354147,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-407","catch_line":"Impairment or destruction of work during construction","url":"\/21-407\/","token":"21\/6\/21-407","metadata":false},{"id":354148,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-408","catch_line":"Default by contractor","url":"\/21-408\/","token":"21\/6\/21-408","metadata":false},{"id":354149,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-409","catch_line":"When additional bonds may be issued","url":"\/21-409\/","token":"21\/6\/21-409","metadata":false},{"id":354150,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-410","catch_line":"Procedure for issuance of additional bonds","url":"\/21-410\/","token":"21\/6\/21-410","metadata":false},{"id":354151,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-411","catch_line":"Amount, interest and maturity of additional bonds","url":"\/21-411\/","token":"21\/6\/21-411","metadata":false},{"id":354152,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-412","catch_line":"When refunding bonds may be issued","url":"\/21-412\/","token":"21\/6\/21-412","metadata":false},{"id":354153,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-413","catch_line":"Maturity, interest and registration of refunding bonds","url":"\/21-413\/","token":"21\/6\/21-413","metadata":false},{"id":354154,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-414","catch_line":"Sale or exchange of refunding bonds","url":"\/21-414\/","token":"21\/6\/21-414","metadata":false},{"id":354155,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-415","catch_line":"How refunding bonds sold","url":"\/21-415\/","token":"21\/6\/21-415","metadata":false},{"id":354156,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-416","catch_line":"Collection of assessments on retired bonds","url":"\/21-416\/","token":"21\/6\/21-416","metadata":false},{"id":354157,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-417","catch_line":"Additional assessments to pay principal and interest on refunding bonds","url":"\/21-417\/","token":"21\/6\/21-417","metadata":false},{"id":354158,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-418","catch_line":"Cancellation of assessments for retired bonds","url":"\/21-418\/","token":"21\/6\/21-418","metadata":false},{"id":354159,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-419","catch_line":"Preparation of assessment rolls when additional assessments made","url":"\/21-419\/","token":"21\/6\/21-419","metadata":false},{"id":354160,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-420","catch_line":"How additional assessments made","url":"\/21-420\/","token":"21\/6\/21-420","metadata":false},{"id":354161,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-421","catch_line":"Law applicable to original bonds applies to refunding bonds","url":"\/21-421\/","token":"21\/6\/21-421","metadata":false},{"id":354162,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-422","catch_line":"Contracts with United States as to refunding","url":"\/21-422\/","token":"21\/6\/21-422","metadata":false},{"id":354163,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-423","catch_line":"Compensation and expenses","url":"\/21-423\/","token":"21\/6\/21-423","metadata":false},{"id":354164,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-424","catch_line":"Defects in the proceedings; construction of chapter","url":"\/21-424\/","token":"21\/6\/21-424","metadata":false},{"id":354165,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-425","catch_line":"Removal of engineers, viewers, etc","url":"\/21-425\/","token":"21\/6\/21-425","metadata":false},{"id":354166,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-426","catch_line":"Appropriation of county funds","url":"\/21-426\/","token":"21\/6\/21-426","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":354045,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-306","catch_line":"Compensation of engineer, assistants and viewers","url":"\/21-306\/","token":"21\/6\/21-306","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":354047,"structure_id":50679,"section_number":"21-308","catch_line":"Appointment of representative of unknown owner","url":"\/21-308\/","token":"21\/6\/21-308","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/21-307\/","history_text":false,"references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1407435,"object_type":"law","relational_id":354046,"identifier":"21-307","token":"21\/6\/21-307","url":"\/21-307\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/21-307\/","token":"21\/6\/21-307","dublin_core":{"Title":"Publication against unknown owners","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 21-307","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>If, at the time of the filing of the <span class=\"dictionary\">petition<\/span>, or at any time subsequent thereto, it shall be made to appear to the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span>, or the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> thereof in vacation, by <span class=\"dictionary\">affidavit<\/span> or otherwise, that the owner or owners of the whole or any share of any tract or tracts of land affected or within the bounds of the proposed drainage district, whose names are unknown, and cannot, after due diligence, be ascertained by the petitioners, the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> or the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> thereof, shall <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> a notice in the nature of a <span class=\"dictionary\">summons<\/span> to be given to all such persons by publication of the <span class=\"dictionary\">petition<\/span>, or of the substance thereof, and describing generally the tract or tracts of land as to which the owner or owners are unknown, with the <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> or the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> thereof thereon, in some newspaper published in the county wherein the land is located or in any city within the geographical limits of the county. If no newspaper shall be published in the county or city, then in some newspaper designated in the <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> or the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span> thereof, and a copy of such publication shall also be posted in at least three conspicuous places within the boundaries of the proposed district, and at the courthouse door of the county. Such publication in a newspaper shall be made once a week for four successive weeks.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPUBLICATION AGAINST UNKNOWN OWNERS (\u00a7 21-307)\n\nIf, at the time of the filing of the petition, or at any time subsequent\nthereto, it shall be made to appear to the court, or the judge thereof in\nvacation, by affidavit or otherwise, that the owner or owners of the whole or\nany share of any tract or tracts of land affected or within the bounds of the\nproposed drainage district, whose names are unknown, and cannot, after due\ndiligence, be ascertained by the petitioners, the court or the judge thereof,\nshall order a notice in the nature of a summons to be given to all such persons\nby publication of the petition, or of the substance thereof, and describing\ngenerally the tract or tracts of land as to which the owner or owners are\nunknown, with the order of the court or the judge thereof thereon, in some\nnewspaper published in the county wherein the land is located or in any city\nwithin the geographical limits of the county. If no newspaper shall be published\nin the county or city, then in some newspaper designated in the order of the\ncourt or the judge thereof, and a copy of such publication shall also be posted\nin at least three conspicuous places within the boundaries of the proposed\ndistrict, and at the courthouse door of the county. Such publication in a\nnewspaper shall be made once a week for four successive weeks.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 1740; 1926, p. 608.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}