{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/17.1-291.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/17.1-291.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/17.1-291.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/17.1-291.html"}],"law_id":350083,"edition_id":2,"section_id":350083,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-291","catch_line":"Penalty for officers","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 14-163; 1964, c. 386, \u00a7 14.1-163; 1972, c. 170; 1998, c. 872.","full_text":"Any officer failing to comply with the duties imposed upon him by the provisions of this article shall forfeit to the Commonwealth not less than $25 nor more than $500 for each such failure, such forfeiture to be enforced by the attorney for the Commonwealth in the circuit court having criminal jurisdiction in his city or county.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1304735,"text":"Any officer failing to comply with the duties imposed upon him by the provisions of this article shall forfeit to the Commonwealth not less than $25 nor more than $500 for each such failure, such forfeiture to be enforced by the attorney for the Commonwealth in the circuit court having criminal jurisdiction in his city or county.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":50116,"edition_id":2,"name":"Fees","identifier":"7","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":8,"parent_id":50108,"metadata":{"child_laws":42,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:31","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:12","permalink":{"id":1390291,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50116,"identifier":"7","token":"17.1\/2\/7","url":"\/17.1\/2\/7\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50108,"edition_id":2,"name":"Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records","identifier":"2","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":50105,"metadata":{"child_laws":125,"child_structures":9},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:22","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:10","permalink":{"id":1389963,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50108,"identifier":"2","token":"17.1\/2","url":"\/17.1\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50105,"edition_id":2,"name":"Courts of Record","identifier":"17.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":50,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":322,"child_structures":25},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:09","permalink":{"id":1389801,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50105,"identifier":"17.1","token":"17.1","url":"\/17.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":350042,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-266","catch_line":"Services rendered in Commonwealth's cases","url":"\/17.1-266\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-266","metadata":false},{"id":350043,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-267","catch_line":"Services for which clerks may not charge","url":"\/17.1-267\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-267","metadata":false},{"id":350044,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-268","catch_line":"Fee for effort to serve when person cannot be found","url":"\/17.1-268\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-268","metadata":false},{"id":350045,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-269","catch_line":"To whom fees charged","url":"\/17.1-269\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-269","metadata":false},{"id":350046,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-270","catch_line":"Officer to state fees, etc., on affidavit, deposition or report","url":"\/17.1-270\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-270","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350047,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-271","catch_line":"Deposit of money in bank","url":"\/17.1-271\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-271","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350048,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-272","catch_line":"Process and service fees generally","url":"\/17.1-272\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-272","metadata":false},{"id":350049,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-273","catch_line":"Establishment and disposition of fees collected by certain high constable","url":"\/17.1-273\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-273","metadata":false},{"id":350050,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-274","catch_line":"Commission on forthcoming bond","url":"\/17.1-274\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-274","metadata":false},{"id":350066,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275","catch_line":"Fees collected by clerks of circuit courts; generally","url":"\/17.1-275\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Johnson v. Clerk, Wise County Circuit Court (ORDER)","case_number":"1240012","citation":null,"date":"2024-08-15","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10041279\/johnson-v-clerk-wise-county-circuit-court-order\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. VIRGINIA: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Hines v. Commonwealth","case_number":"0481021","citation":"576 S.E.2d 781","date":"2003-02-25","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1064344\/hines-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 576 S.E.2d 781 (2003) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":350051,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.1","catch_line":"Fixed felony fee","url":"\/17.1-275.1\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.1","metadata":false},{"id":350052,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.10","catch_line":"Additional fee","url":"\/17.1-275.10\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.10","metadata":false},{"id":350053,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.11","catch_line":"Additional fee assessed for conviction of certain offenses","url":"\/17.1-275.11\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.11","metadata":false},{"id":350054,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.11:1","catch_line":"Additional fee assessed for conviction requiring computer analysis","url":"\/17.1-275.11_1\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.11_1","metadata":false},{"id":350055,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.12","catch_line":"Additional fee for Internet Crimes Against Children Fund","url":"\/17.1-275.12\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.12","metadata":false},{"id":350056,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.13","catch_line":"Additional fee for offenses related to sex trafficking","url":"\/17.1-275.13\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.13","metadata":false},{"id":350057,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.14","catch_line":"Additional fee for Virginia State Police Electronic Summons System Fund","url":"\/17.1-275.14\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.14","metadata":false},{"id":350058,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.2","catch_line":"Fixed fee for felony reduced to misdemeanor","url":"\/17.1-275.2\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.2","metadata":false},{"id":350059,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.3","catch_line":"Fixed felony revocation fee","url":"\/17.1-275.3\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.3","metadata":false},{"id":350060,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.4","catch_line":"Fixed misdemeanor reduced from felony revocation fee","url":"\/17.1-275.4\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.4","metadata":false},{"id":350061,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.5","catch_line":"Amounts to be added; judgment in favor of the Commonwealth","url":"\/17.1-275.5\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.5","metadata":false},{"id":350062,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.6","catch_line":"Fees collected from court reporter fund","url":"\/17.1-275.6\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.6","metadata":false},{"id":350063,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.7","catch_line":"Fixed misdemeanor fee","url":"\/17.1-275.7\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.7","metadata":false},{"id":350064,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.8","catch_line":"Fixed drug misdemeanor fee","url":"\/17.1-275.8\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.8","metadata":false},{"id":350065,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-275.9","catch_line":"Fixed misdemeanor revocation fee","url":"\/17.1-275.9\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-275.9","metadata":false},{"id":350067,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-276","catch_line":"Fee allowed for providing secure remote access to land records","url":"\/17.1-276\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-276","metadata":false},{"id":350068,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-277","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/17.1-277\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-277","metadata":false},{"id":350069,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-278","catch_line":"Additional fees in certain courts; use by Virginia State Bar","url":"\/17.1-278\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-278","metadata":false},{"id":350071,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-279","catch_line":"Additional fee to be assessed by circuit court clerks for information technology","url":"\/17.1-279\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-279","metadata":false},{"id":350070,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-279.1","catch_line":"Additional assessment for electronic summons system","url":"\/17.1-279.1\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-279.1","metadata":false},{"id":350072,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-280","catch_line":"What costs chargeable against prosecutor","url":"\/17.1-280\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-280","metadata":false},{"id":350073,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-281","catch_line":"Assessment for courthouse construction, renovation or maintenance","url":"\/17.1-281\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-281","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350074,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-282","catch_line":"Reserved","url":"\/17.1-282\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-282","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350075,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-283","catch_line":"Statements required of clerks of courts of record; exceptions","url":"\/17.1-283\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-283","metadata":false},{"id":350076,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-284","catch_line":"How excess payable into state or local treasury determined","url":"\/17.1-284\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-284","metadata":false},{"id":350077,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-285","catch_line":"Payment of excess","url":"\/17.1-285\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-285","metadata":false},{"id":350078,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-286","catch_line":"Disposition of state funds locally collected","url":"\/17.1-286\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-286","metadata":false},{"id":350079,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-287","catch_line":"Salaries of clerks of circuit courts","url":"\/17.1-287\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-287","metadata":false},{"id":350080,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-288","catch_line":"Compensation and expenses of clerks of circuit courts in Cities of Richmond and Newport News","url":"\/17.1-288\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-288","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350081,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-289","catch_line":"Commission on certain local collections not otherwise provided for","url":"\/17.1-289\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-289","metadata":false},{"id":350082,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-290","catch_line":"Contracts by cities","url":"\/17.1-290\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-290","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350083,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-291","catch_line":"Penalty for officers","url":"\/17.1-291\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-291","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":350082,"structure_id":50116,"section_number":"17.1-290","catch_line":"Contracts by cities","url":"\/17.1-290\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-290","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/17.1-291\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1964, chapter 386; in 1972, chapter 170; in 1998, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?981+ful+CHAP0872\">872<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1390457,"object_type":"law","relational_id":350083,"identifier":"17.1-291","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-291","url":"\/17.1-291\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/17.1-291\/","token":"17.1\/2\/7\/17.1-291","dublin_core":{"Title":"Penalty for officers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 17.1-291","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any officer failing to comply with the duties imposed upon him by the provisions of this article shall forfeit to the Commonwealth not less than $25 nor more than $500 for each such failure, such forfeiture to be enforced by the attorney for the Commonwealth in the <span class=\"dictionary\">circuit<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> having criminal <span class=\"dictionary\">jurisdiction<\/span> in his city or county.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPENALTY FOR OFFICERS (\u00a7 17.1-291)\n\nAny officer failing to comply with the duties imposed upon him by the provisions\nof this article shall forfeit to the Commonwealth not less than $25 nor more\nthan $500 for each such failure, such forfeiture to be enforced by the attorney\nfor the Commonwealth in the circuit court having criminal jurisdiction in his\ncity or county.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 14-163; 1964, c. 386, \u00a7 14.1-163; 1972, c. 170; 1998, c.\n872.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}