{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/17.1-245.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/17.1-245.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/17.1-245.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/17.1-245.html"}],"law_id":350013,"edition_id":2,"section_id":350013,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-245","catch_line":"Books may be taken from clerk&#8217;s office to be rebound, etc","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 5981, \u00a7 17-75; 1976, c. 630; 1997, c. 836; 1998, c. 872.","full_text":"The court or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk directing any book or books to be bound, rebound, microfilmed or digitally reproduced may allow the same to be taken from the clerk&#8217;s office in which such book or books may be on file, but shall take all necessary and proper precautions, by requiring bonds or otherwise, to insure the preservation and return and to prevent the mutilation thereof.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1304443,"text":"The court or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk directing any book or books to be bound, rebound, microfilmed or digitally reproduced may allow the same to be taken from the clerk&#8217;s office in which such book or books may be on file, but shall take all necessary and proper precautions, by requiring bonds or otherwise, to insure the preservation and return and to prevent the mutilation thereof.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":50111,"edition_id":2,"name":"Records, Recordation and Indexing Generally","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":5,"parent_id":50108,"metadata":{"child_laws":33,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:25","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:11","permalink":{"id":1390073,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50111,"identifier":"3","token":"17.1\/2\/3","url":"\/17.1\/2\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50108,"edition_id":2,"name":"Clerks, Clerks' Offices and Records","identifier":"2","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":50105,"metadata":{"child_laws":125,"child_structures":9},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:22","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:10","permalink":{"id":1389963,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50108,"identifier":"2","token":"17.1\/2","url":"\/17.1\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":50105,"edition_id":2,"name":"Courts of Record","identifier":"17.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":50,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":322,"child_structures":25},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:22:16","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:30:09","permalink":{"id":1389801,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":50105,"identifier":"17.1","token":"17.1","url":"\/17.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":349990,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-223","catch_line":"Duty of clerk to record writings, etc., and make index","url":"\/17.1-223\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-223","metadata":false},{"id":349991,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-224","catch_line":"Copy of illegible instrument used for making permanent record","url":"\/17.1-224\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-224","metadata":false},{"id":349992,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-225","catch_line":"Remote access to nonconfidential court records","url":"\/17.1-225\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-225","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":349993,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-226","catch_line":"Remote access to certain agencies from clerk of court","url":"\/17.1-226\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-226","metadata":false},{"id":349995,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-227","catch_line":"Documents to be recorded in deed books; social security numbers","url":"\/17.1-227\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-227","metadata":false},{"id":349994,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-227.1","catch_line":"Use of cover sheets on deeds or other instruments by circuit court clerks","url":"\/17.1-227.1\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-227.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":349996,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-228","catch_line":"Recording releases of deeds of trust, partial releases of deeds of trust, court ordered releases, or other liens or assignments in cities and counties using microfilm","url":"\/17.1-228\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-228","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":349997,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-229","catch_line":"Additional documents to be recorded in deed book","url":"\/17.1-229\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-229","metadata":false},{"id":349998,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-230","catch_line":"Documents to be recorded in bond book","url":"\/17.1-230\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-230","metadata":false},{"id":349999,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-231","catch_line":"Documents to be recorded in will book","url":"\/17.1-231\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-231","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350000,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-232","catch_line":"What to be recorded in judgment docket","url":"\/17.1-232\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-232","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350001,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-233","catch_line":"What to be recorded in marriage register","url":"\/17.1-233\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-233","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350002,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-234","catch_line":"Documents to be recorded in \"writings partially proved.\"","url":"\/17.1-234\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-234","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350003,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-235","catch_line":"Recordation of federal farm loan mortgages","url":"\/17.1-235\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-235","metadata":false},{"id":350004,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-236","catch_line":"Recordation of plats and maps","url":"\/17.1-236\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-236","metadata":false},{"id":350005,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-237","catch_line":"Validation of recordations in certain plat books","url":"\/17.1-237\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-237","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350006,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-238","catch_line":"State highway plat book","url":"\/17.1-238\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-238","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350007,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-239","catch_line":"Character of books used for recording; standards for microfilm, etc","url":"\/17.1-239\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-239","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350008,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-240","catch_line":"Recording by microphotographic or electronic process","url":"\/17.1-240\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-240","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"James C. Howard, Jr. v. Commonwealth of Virginia","case_number":"0820131","citation":"63 Va. App. 580","date":"2014-08-05","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2708335\/james-c-howard-jr-v-commonwealth-of-virginia\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. BUMGARDNER, Judge. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":350009,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-241","catch_line":"Clerks to procure books for record","url":"\/17.1-241\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-241","metadata":false},{"id":350010,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-242","catch_line":"Custody of books, records, etc","url":"\/17.1-242\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-242","metadata":false},{"id":350011,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-243","catch_line":"Clerks to have land books bound","url":"\/17.1-243\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-243","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350012,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-244","catch_line":"Books, etc., in clerks' offices rebound, transcribed, microfilmed or digitally reproduced; credit given to transcripts, etc","url":"\/17.1-244\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-244","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350013,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-245","catch_line":"Books may be taken from clerk's office to be rebound, etc","url":"\/17.1-245\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-245","metadata":false},{"id":350014,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-246","catch_line":"How costs thereof certified and paid","url":"\/17.1-246\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-246","metadata":false},{"id":350015,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-247","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/17.1-247\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-247","metadata":false},{"id":350016,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-248","catch_line":"Clerk to make index to each of his books","url":"\/17.1-248\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-248","metadata":false},{"id":350017,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-249","catch_line":"General indexes for clerks' offices; daily index","url":"\/17.1-249\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-249","metadata":false},{"id":350018,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-250","catch_line":"Correction of indexes","url":"\/17.1-250\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-250","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":350019,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-251","catch_line":"Indexing of certain subdivision plats or maps","url":"\/17.1-251\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-251","metadata":false},{"id":350020,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-252","catch_line":"Indexing by tax map reference number","url":"\/17.1-252\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-252","metadata":false},{"id":350021,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-253","catch_line":"Committee to inquire into necessity of general index; report; plan adopted; locality to cover cost","url":"\/17.1-253\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-253","metadata":false},{"id":350022,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-254","catch_line":"Validation of judgment records in office of clerk of Circuit Court of Norfolk","url":"\/17.1-254\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-254","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":350012,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-244","catch_line":"Books, etc., in clerks' offices rebound, transcribed, microfilmed or digitally reproduced; credit given to transcripts, etc","url":"\/17.1-244\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-244","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},"next_section":{"id":350014,"structure_id":50111,"section_number":"17.1-246","catch_line":"How costs thereof certified and paid","url":"\/17.1-246\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-246","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/17.1-245\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1976, chapter 630; in 1997, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?971+ful+CHAP0836\">836<\/a>; in 1998, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?981+ful+CHAP0872\">872<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1390167,"object_type":"law","relational_id":350013,"identifier":"17.1-245","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-245","url":"\/17.1-245\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/17.1-245\/","token":"17.1\/2\/3\/17.1-245","dublin_core":{"Title":"Books may be taken from clerk&#8217;s office to be rebound, etc","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 17.1-245","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> or, if so designated by the <span class=\"dictionary\">judge<\/span>, the clerk directing any book or books to be bound, rebound, microfilmed or digitally reproduced may allow the same to be taken from the clerk&#8217;s office in which such book or books may be on file, but shall take all necessary and proper precautions, by requiring <span class=\"dictionary\">bonds<\/span> or otherwise, to insure the preservation and return and to prevent the mutilation thereof.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nBOOKS MAY BE TAKEN FROM CLERK&#8217;S OFFICE TO BE REBOUND, ETC (\u00a7 17.1-245)\n\nThe court or, if so designated by the judge, the clerk directing any book or\nbooks to be bound, rebound, microfilmed or digitally reproduced may allow the\nsame to be taken from the clerk&#8217;s office in which such book or books may\nbe on file, but shall take all necessary and proper precautions, by requiring\nbonds or otherwise, to insure the preservation and return and to prevent the\nmutilation thereof.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 5981, \u00a7 17-75; 1976, c. 630; 1997, c. 836; 1998, c. 872.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}