{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/15.2-1416.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/15.2-1416.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/15.2-1416.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/15.2-1416.1.html"}],"law_id":347327,"edition_id":2,"section_id":347327,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1416.1","catch_line":"Actions prior to convening of meeting","history":"2005, c. 592.","full_text":"During the time prior to the governing body’s actual call to order or convening of business, any expressions by members of the governing body or members of the public shall be held consistent with the individual’s First Amendment right of freedom of speech.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1295969,"text":"During the time prior to the governing body’s actual call to order or convening of business, any expressions by members of the governing body or members of the public shall be held consistent with the individual’s First Amendment right of freedom of speech.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":49850,"edition_id":2,"name":"Meetings of Governing Bodies","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":3,"parent_id":49847,"metadata":{"child_laws":8,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:16:38","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:28","permalink":{"id":1379919,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49850,"identifier":"2","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2","url":"\/15.2\/II\/14\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49847,"edition_id":2,"name":"Governing Bodies of Localities","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":5,"parent_id":49834,"metadata":{"child_laws":42,"child_structures":5},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:16:36","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:28","permalink":{"id":1379825,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49847,"identifier":"14","token":"15.2\/II\/14","url":"\/15.2\/II\/14\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49834,"edition_id":2,"name":"Powers of Local Government","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":49831,"metadata":{"child_laws":1081,"child_structures":112},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:16:24","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:25","permalink":{"id":1379371,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49834,"identifier":"II","token":"15.2\/II","url":"\/15.2\/II\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49831,"edition_id":2,"name":"Counties, Cities and Towns","identifier":"15.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":46,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":2297,"child_structures":225},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:16:22","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:22","permalink":{"id":1378281,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49831,"identifier":"15.2","token":"15.2","url":"\/15.2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":347326,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1415","catch_line":"At what meetings governing body may act","url":"\/15.2-1415\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1415","metadata":false},{"id":347328,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1416","catch_line":"Regular meetings","url":"\/15.2-1416\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1416","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Nancy Lund v. Rowan County, North Carolina","case_number":"15-1591","citation":"837 F.3d 407","date":"2016-09-19","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4257648\/nancy-lund-v-rowan-county-north-carolina\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Reversed and remanded with directions by published opinion. Judge AGEE wrote the majority opinion, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":"Nancy Lund v. Rowan County, North Carolina","case_number":"15-1591","citation":"863 F.3d 268","date":"2017-07-14","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4409203\/nancy-lund-v-rowan-county-north-carolina\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. *301AGEE, Circuit Judge, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"Nancy Lund v. 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","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":347327,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1416.1","catch_line":"Actions prior to convening of meeting","url":"\/15.2-1416.1\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1416.1","metadata":false},{"id":347329,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1417","catch_line":"Special meetings","url":"\/15.2-1417\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1417","metadata":false},{"id":347330,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1418","catch_line":"Same; how called","url":"\/15.2-1418\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1418","metadata":false},{"id":347331,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1419","catch_line":"Meeting times of certain authorities, boards and commissions","url":"\/15.2-1419\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1419","metadata":false},{"id":347332,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1420","catch_line":"How questions determined; tie breaker","url":"\/15.2-1420\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1420","metadata":false},{"id":347333,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1421","catch_line":"Tie breakers","url":"\/15.2-1421\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1421","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":347328,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1416","catch_line":"Regular meetings","url":"\/15.2-1416\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1416","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Nancy Lund v. 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Rowan County, North Carolina","case_number":"15-1591","citation":null,"date":"2016-09-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4258896\/nancy-lund-v-rowan-county-north-carolina\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PUBLISHED .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},"next_section":{"id":347329,"structure_id":49850,"section_number":"15.2-1417","catch_line":"Special meetings","url":"\/15.2-1417\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1417","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/15.2-1416.1\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2005. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 592<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1379929,"object_type":"law","relational_id":347327,"identifier":"15.2-1416.1","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1416.1","url":"\/15.2-1416.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/15.2-1416.1\/","token":"15.2\/II\/14\/2\/15.2-1416.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Actions prior to convening of meeting","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 15.2-1416.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

During the time prior to the governing body<\/span>’s actual call to order<\/span> or convening of business, any expressions by members of the governing body<\/span> or members of the public shall be held consistent with the individual’s First Amendment right of freedom of speech.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nACTIONS PRIOR TO CONVENING OF MEETING (\u00a7 15.2-1416.1)\n\nDuring the time prior to the governing body’s actual call to order or\nconvening of business, any expressions by members of the governing body or\nmembers of the public shall be held consistent with the individual’s First\nAmendment right of freedom of speech.\n\nHISTORY: 2005, c. 592.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}