{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/13.1-824.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/13.1-824.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/13.1-824.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/13.1-824.html"}],"law_id":347008,"edition_id":2,"section_id":347008,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-824","catch_line":"Emergency bylaws","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-212.1; 1962, c. 102; 1975, c. 500; 1985, c. 522; 2007, c. 925.","full_text":"A\n\nUnless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise, the board of directors of a corporation may adopt bylaws to be effective only in an emergency defined in subsection D. The emergency bylaws, which are subject to amendment or repeal by the members, may make all provisions necessary for managing the corporation during the emergency, including:\n\n1\n\nProcedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors;\n\n2\n\nQuorum requirements for the meeting; and\n\n3\n\nDesignation of additional or substitute directors.\n\nB\n\nAll provisions of the regular bylaws consistent with the emergency bylaws remain effective during the emergency. The emergency bylaws are not effective after the emergency ends.\n\nC\n\nCorporate action taken in good faith in accordance with the emergency bylaws:\n\n1\n\nBinds the corporation; and\n\n2\n\nMay not be used to impose liability on a corporate director, officer, employee or agent.\n\nD\n\nAn emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the corporation’s board of directors cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1294738,"text":"Unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise, the board of directors of a corporation may adopt bylaws to be effective only in an emergency defined in subsection D. The emergency bylaws, which are subject to amendment or repeal by the members, may make all provisions necessary for managing the corporation during the emergency, including:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":1294739,"text":"Procedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":1294740,"text":"Quorum requirements for the meeting; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":1294741,"text":"Designation of additional or substitute directors.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"B"},"4":{"id":1294742,"text":"All provisions of the regular bylaws consistent with the emergency bylaws remain effective during the emergency. The emergency bylaws are not effective after the emergency ends.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"C"},"5":{"id":1294743,"text":"Corporate action taken in good faith in accordance with the emergency bylaws:","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"C1"},"6":{"id":1294744,"text":"Binds the corporation; and","type":"section","prefixes":["C","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"C1","prefix_anchor":"C1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"C2"},"7":{"id":1294745,"text":"May not be used to impose liability on a corporate director, officer, employee or agent.","type":"section","prefixes":["C","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"C2","prefix_anchor":"C2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"C1","next_prefix":"D"},"8":{"id":1294746,"text":"An emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the corporation’s board of directors cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C2"}},"ancestry":[{"id":49811,"edition_id":2,"name":"Formation of Corporations","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":3,"parent_id":49808,"metadata":{"child_laws":7,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:15:50","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:15","permalink":{"id":1374963,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49811,"identifier":"3","token":"13.1\/10\/3","url":"\/13.1\/10\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49808,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Nonstock Corporation Act","identifier":"10","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":13,"parent_id":49726,"metadata":{"child_laws":183,"child_structures":21},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:15:48","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:14","permalink":{"id":1374503,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49808,"identifier":"10","token":"13.1\/10","url":"\/13.1\/10\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49726,"edition_id":2,"name":"Corporations","identifier":"13.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":44,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":894,"child_structures":104},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:14:01","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:04","permalink":{"id":1374495,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49726,"identifier":"13.1","token":"13.1","url":"\/13.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":347002,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-818","catch_line":"Incorporators","url":"\/13.1-818\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-818","metadata":false},{"id":347003,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-819","catch_line":"Articles of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-819\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-819","metadata":false},{"id":347004,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-820","catch_line":"Issuance of certificate of incorporation","url":"\/13.1-820\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-820","metadata":false},{"id":347005,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-821","catch_line":"Liability for preincorporation transactions","url":"\/13.1-821\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-821","metadata":false},{"id":347006,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-822","catch_line":"Organization of corporation","url":"\/13.1-822\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-822","metadata":false},{"id":347007,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-823","catch_line":"Bylaws","url":"\/13.1-823\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-823","metadata":false},{"id":347008,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-824","catch_line":"Emergency bylaws","url":"\/13.1-824\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-824","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":347007,"structure_id":49811,"section_number":"13.1-823","catch_line":"Bylaws","url":"\/13.1-823\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-823","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-824\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1962, chapter 102; in 1975, chapter 500; in 1985, chapter 522; in 2007, chapter 925<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1374989,"object_type":"law","relational_id":347008,"identifier":"13.1-824","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-824","url":"\/13.1-824\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-824\/","token":"13.1\/10\/3\/13.1-824","dublin_core":{"Title":"Emergency bylaws","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-824","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Unless the articles of incorporation<\/span> provide otherwise, the board of directors<\/span> of a corporation<\/span> may adopt bylaws to be effective only in an emergency defined in subsection D. The emergency bylaws, which are subject to amendment or repeal by the members<\/span>, may make all provisions necessary for managing the corporation<\/span> during the emergency, including: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Procedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Quorum requirements for the meeting; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Designation of additional or substitute directors. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> All provisions of the regular bylaws consistent with the emergency bylaws remain effective during the emergency. The emergency bylaws are not effective after the emergency ends. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> Corporate action taken in good faith in accordance with the emergency bylaws: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Binds the corporation<\/span>; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> May not be used to impose liability on a corporate director<\/span>, officer, employee or agent. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> An emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the corporation<\/span>’s board of directors<\/span> cannot readily be assembled because of some catastrophic event. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEMERGENCY BYLAWS (\u00a7 13.1-824)\n\nA. Unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise, the board of\ndirectors of a corporation may adopt bylaws to be effective only in an emergency\ndefined in subsection D. The emergency bylaws, which are subject to amendment or\nrepeal by the members, may make all provisions necessary for managing the\ncorporation during the emergency, including:\n\n 1. Procedures for calling a meeting of the board of directors;\n\n 2. Quorum requirements for the meeting; and\n\n 3. Designation of additional or substitute directors.\n\nB. All provisions of the regular bylaws consistent with the emergency bylaws\nremain effective during the emergency. The emergency bylaws are not effective\nafter the emergency ends.\n\nC. Corporate action taken in good faith in accordance with the emergency bylaws:\n\n 1. Binds the corporation; and\n\n 2. May not be used to impose liability on a corporate director, officer,\n employee or agent.\n\nD. An emergency exists for purposes of this section if a quorum of the\ncorporation’s board of directors cannot readily be assembled because of\nsome catastrophic event.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-212.1; 1962, c. 102; 1975, c. 500; 1985, c. 522;\n2007, c. 925.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}