{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/13.1-776.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/13.1-776.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/13.1-776.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/13.1-776.html"}],"law_id":346964,"edition_id":2,"section_id":346964,"structure_id":49804,"section_number":"13.1-776","catch_line":"Definitions","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-156; 1979, c. 90; 1983, c. 190; 1985, c. 522; 2005, c. 765.","full_text":"As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:\n\n“Asserted shareholder” means an entity holding a certificate for one or more shares of stock of a corporation on which it is stated to be the owner thereof but which is not listed as a shareholder on the records of the corporation.\n\n“Corporation” shall have the meaning provided in \u00a7 13.1-603.\n\n“Entity” means one or more persons, partnerships, unincorporated associations, corporations or other organizations entitled to hold property in its own name.\n\n“Lost shareholder” means a shareholder shown by the records of a corporation to have been a shareholder for more than seven years but who, throughout that period, neither claimed a dividend or other sum nor corresponded in writing with the corporation or otherwise indicated an interest as evidenced by a memorandum or other record on file with the corporation and the corporation does not know the location of the shareholder at the end of such seven-year period.\n\n“Shareholder” means an entity shown by the records of a corporation to be the owner of one or more shares of its outstanding capital stock.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1294525,"text":"As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":""},"1":{"id":1294526,"text":"“Asserted shareholder” means an entity holding a certificate for one or more shares of stock of a corporation on which it is stated to be the owner thereof but which is not listed as a shareholder on the records of the corporation.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"2":{"id":1294527,"text":"“Corporation” shall have the meaning provided in \u00a7 13.1-603.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"3":{"id":1294528,"text":"“Entity” means one or more persons, partnerships, unincorporated associations, corporations or other organizations entitled to hold property in its own name.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"4":{"id":1294529,"text":"“Lost shareholder” means a shareholder shown by the records of a corporation to have been a shareholder for more than seven years but who, throughout that period, neither claimed a dividend or other sum nor corresponded in writing with the corporation or otherwise indicated an interest as evidenced by a memorandum or other record on file with the corporation and the corporation does not know the location of the shareholder at the end of such seven-year period.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"5":{"id":1294530,"text":"“Shareholder” means an entity shown by the records of a corporation to be the owner of one or more shares of its outstanding capital stock.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":""}},"ancestry":[{"id":49804,"edition_id":2,"name":"Proceeding for Determination of Shareholders","identifier":"19","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":19,"parent_id":49780,"metadata":{"child_laws":2,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:15:46","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:13","permalink":{"id":1377795,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49804,"identifier":"19","token":"13.1\/9\/19","url":"\/13.1\/9\/19\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49780,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Stock Corporation Act","identifier":"9","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":12,"parent_id":49726,"metadata":{"child_laws":265,"child_structures":27},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:14:54","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:09","permalink":{"id":1377165,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49780,"identifier":"9","token":"13.1\/9","url":"\/13.1\/9\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":49726,"edition_id":2,"name":"Corporations","identifier":"13.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":44,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":894,"child_structures":104},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:14:01","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:29:04","permalink":{"id":1374495,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":49726,"identifier":"13.1","token":"13.1","url":"\/13.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":346964,"structure_id":49804,"section_number":"13.1-776","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/13.1-776\/","token":"13.1\/9\/19\/13.1-776","metadata":false},{"id":346965,"structure_id":49804,"section_number":"13.1-777","catch_line":"Institution of proceeding to determine shareholders","url":"\/13.1-777\/","token":"13.1\/9\/19\/13.1-777","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":346965,"structure_id":49804,"section_number":"13.1-777","catch_line":"Institution of proceeding to determine shareholders","url":"\/13.1-777\/","token":"13.1\/9\/19\/13.1-777","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/13.1-776\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1979, chapter 90; in 1983, chapter 190; in 1985, chapter 522; in 2005, chapter 765<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":346718,"section_number":"13.1-603","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/13.1-603\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1377797,"object_type":"law","relational_id":346964,"identifier":"13.1-776","token":"13.1\/9\/19\/13.1-776","url":"\/13.1-776\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/13.1-776\/","token":"13.1\/9\/19\/13.1-776","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definitions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 13.1-776","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

As used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:<\/p>

“Asserted shareholder<\/span>” means an entity<\/span> holding a certificate for one or more shares<\/span> of stock of a corporation<\/span> on which it is stated to be the owner thereof but which is not listed as a shareholder on the records of the corporation<\/span>.<\/p>

“Corporation<\/span>” shall have the meaning provided in \u00a7 13.1-603<\/a>.<\/p>

“Entity<\/span>” means one or more persons<\/span>, partnerships, unincorporated associations, corporations<\/span> or other organizations entitled to hold property in its own name.<\/p>

“Lost shareholder<\/span>” means a shareholder shown by the records of a corporation<\/span> to have been a shareholder for more than seven years but who, throughout that period, neither claimed a dividend or other sum nor corresponded in writing<\/span> with the corporation<\/span> or otherwise indicated an interest<\/span> as evidenced by a memorandum<\/span> or other record on file with the corporation<\/span> and the corporation<\/span> does not know the location of the shareholder at the end of such seven-year period.<\/p>

“Shareholder” means an entity<\/span> shown by the records of a corporation<\/span> to be the owner of one or more shares<\/span> of its outstanding capital stock.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITIONS (\u00a7 13.1-776)\n\nAs used in this article, unless the context otherwise requires, the term:\n\n“Asserted shareholder” means an entity holding a certificate for one\nor more shares of stock of a corporation on which it is stated to be the owner\nthereof but which is not listed as a shareholder on the records of the\ncorporation.\n\n“Corporation” shall have the meaning provided in \u00a7 13.1-603.\n\n“Entity” means one or more persons, partnerships, unincorporated\nassociations, corporations or other organizations entitled to hold property in\nits own name.\n\n“Lost shareholder” means a shareholder shown by the records of a\ncorporation to have been a shareholder for more than seven years but who,\nthroughout that period, neither claimed a dividend or other sum nor corresponded\nin writing with the corporation or otherwise indicated an interest as evidenced\nby a memorandum or other record on file with the corporation and the corporation\ndoes not know the location of the shareholder at the end of such seven-year\nperiod.\n\n“Shareholder” means an entity shown by the records of a corporation\nto be the owner of one or more shares of its outstanding capital stock.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 13.1-156; 1979, c. 90; 1983, c. 190; 1985, c. 522; 2005,\nc. 765.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}